ID volume 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
what is cryptosoridium?
Treatment?
Protozal - leading cause of diarrhea worldwide
ususally self limiting in healthy children
Niatozoxanide for 3 days
how does cryptosporidium effect immune compromsed pt?
chronic diarrhea - malnutrition... fever RUG pain pancreatitis NV resp symptoms
What is the treatment for giadia?
Tinidazole
Nitazoxanide
or flagyl
what is the gold standard test for giardia?
duodenal Bx
but we do 3 stools and 95 % reliable
What populaton is at higher risk of giardia?
CF
chronic pancraetitis
Humoral def - hypogamma, Xlinked agamma
what is the plague?
Yersinia pestis
febrile lymphadenitis, sepsis, pneumonic or meningeal
what are the 3 types of yersinia?
Y. enterolitica
Y. pseudotuberculosis
Y. pestis
how do steroids and immunosuppressive drugs effect ability to fight infections
T cell activation is decreased
at risk of Pneumocystisjirovecii, toxo and intracellular bugs -salmonella, listeria and mycobacterium
what are risk factors for line infections?
prematurity
burns and skin disorders
neutropenia
ID
what bugs cause catheter related infections?
Staph aureus coag neg staph enterococcus GN: E.Coli, klebsiella, Pseudomonas candida - if receiving Abx or TPN
what is the most common cause of peritonitis for pt undergoing peritoneal dialysis?
coagulase-negative staphylococci (30-40%),
S. aureus (10-20%),
streptococci (10-15%),
Escherichia coli (5-10%),
who should get their indwelling cathter removed if infected
if + bld culture 72 hrs post Abx start if clinical deterioration severe sepsis, suppurative thrombophlebitis, endocarditis
what is the initial Abx choice for line infection
ceftriaxone + Vancomycin
what bugs can cause VP shunt infection?
Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Staph
Neisseria meningitidis, and
Haemophilus influenzae type b,
what are the side effects of septra
neutropenia anemia thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, transient rise in creatinine (due to impaired secretion by TMP hyperkalemia
how do we treat pinworms?
Enterobius vermicularis,
Albendazole
when is a TST + if 0-4mm
less than 5 yrs and high risk of TB infection
when is a TST >= 5mm +
HIV infection
close contact with active contagious case
healed TB on CXR
organ tranplant
TNF alpha inhibitor
othe immunosuppressive drugs - steroid >15mg/da for > 1mo
ESRD
when is a TST >= 15mm +
all others AND TST convesion within 2 yrs DM malnutrition heme malignancies
what are causes of false negative TST
ACTIVE TB technique young malnutriton Measles/mumps/rubella infection recent measles vaccine corticosteroids immunodef
what are side effects of zidovudine
anemia
high lactate
what vaccines should a child with HIV receive
MMR if well VZV if well and CD4 percentage > 25% NO BCG & oral polio vaccine Annual influenza vaccine Polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (after Prevnar 13) Meningococcal vaccine (Menactra, 4CMenB)
what are risk factors for severe influenza?
Chronic pulm disease - asthama…
Chronic disease
chronic care facilities
who can receive antiviral for ? influenza
1.if mild illness, no risk factors, 1-4 yrs - consider if
