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Motor Speech Disorders SPHP 218 > Identify the dysarthria type > Flashcards

Identify the dysarthria type Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Lesion to one or more CNs or spinal nerves

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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2
Q

Lesions to the cerebellum and its connections

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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3
Q

Lesions to LMNs that innervate respiratory musculature or CNs that innervate speech musculature

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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4
Q

Combined weakness & spasticity (UMN)

A

Spastic dysarthria

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5
Q

Muscle weakness

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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6
Q

Irregular articulatory breakdowns

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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7
Q

Etiology: any process that damages the direct and indirect activation pathways bilaterally.

A

Spastic dysarthria

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8
Q

Problems at the level of the FCP (LMN involvement)

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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9
Q

Degenerative diseases, tumor, & trauma (more than one type of dysarthria can be caused by these things)

A
  • Flaccid
  • Spastic
  • Ataxic
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10
Q

Damage to UMNs (unilateral)

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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11
Q

Damage to internal capsule, lobar, cortical, brainstem, and/or thalamus

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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12
Q

Can be caused by demyelinating diseases (more than one type of dysarthria can be caused by these things)

A
  • flaccid
  • ataxic
  • UUMN
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13
Q

Irregular speech AMRs

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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14
Q

Excess & equal stress patterns (two kinds)

A

Ataxic & spastic dysarthria

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15
Q

Harsh, strained-strangled quality with an effortful grunt at the end of vocalizations

A

Spastic dysarthria

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16
Q

Reduced muscle tone

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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17
Q

Apparent in articulation (imprecise irregular breakdowns), phonation (harshness, reduced loudness), & prosody (slow rate & slow/imprecise/irregular DDKs)

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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18
Q

excess loudness variations & poor pitch control

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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19
Q

low pitch; pitch breaks; reduced stress; monoloudness

A

Spastic dysarthria

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20
Q

speech deteriorates when fatigued or stressed

21
Q

distorted vowels

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A

Ataxic dysarthria

22
Q

intermittent hyponasality may occur

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A

Ataxic dysarthria

23
Q

Hypernasality

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A

Spastic (No NAE) & Flaccid (NAE)

24
Q

slow rate of speech

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A

Flaccid, Spastic, & UUMN dysarthria

25
Heaviness or thickness of tongue
UUMN
26
impacts range of motion (ROM)
Flaccid, spastic, & hypokinetic dysarthria
27
harshness, breathiness, pitch breaks, tremors, and quivering
Ataxic dysarthria
28
site of lesion: direct (pyramidal tracts) or indirect (extrapyramidal tracts) activation pathways
Spastic dysarthria
29
Occurs when there is neurological damage to two or more parts of the motor system
Mixed dysarthria
30
Especially affects voice, articulation, and prosody (but also respiratory, phonatory, and resonatory.)
Hypokinetic dysarthria
31
Decreased range of motion is a significant issue
Hypokinetic dysarthria
32
Primarily affects aspects of speech motor control
Hypokinetic dysarthria
33
Less motion
Hypokinetic dysarthria
34
Caused from Parkinson's disease; lesions in basal ganglia
Hypokinetic dysarthria
35
Rigidity Reduced ROM Head tremors Arm swing
Hypokinetic dysarthria
36
unique: increased rate of speech
Hypokinetic dysarthria
37
Patient complaints: - Deny or minimize changes in voice - “hard to get speech started” - “Stutter” - Fatigue - Variations in speech during medication cycle - Drooling/ swallowing complaints - Stiff upper lip
Hypokinetic dysarthria
38
Only dysarthria associated w/ rapid, repetitive rate of speech (with subsequent reduced intelligibility)
Hypokinetic dysarthria
39
Affects all subsystems of speech (artic & prosody!)
Hypokinetic dysarthria
40
Speech impacted by rigidity, reduced force, and reduced ROM
Hypokinetic dysarthria
41
Slow individual movements but general fast rate once speech gets started
Hypokinetic dysarthria
42
Associated w/ Basal Ganglia Disease (insufficient production in dopamine in the substantia nigra
Hypokinetic dysarthria
43
Monopitch, monoloudness, and palilalia (involuntary repetition of words, phrases or sentences)
Hypokinetic dysarthria
44
Involuntary movements
Hyperkinetic dysarthria
45
Basal ganglia control circuit: basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebral cortex
Hyperkinetic dysarthria
46
Abolished by sleep and exacerbated by anxiety and heightened emotions
Hyperkinetic dysarthria
47
89% Undetermined Toxic-metabolic 3% Degen 2% - Huntington’s Trauma 1%, Vascular 1%, Other 4%
Hyperkinetic dysarthria
48
``` Degenerative 87% - Parkinson's Lewy Body Vascular 4%, Multi causes 3%, Trauma 2%, other 1%, infectious 1%, Undetermined 2% ```
Hypokinetic dysarthria

Motor Speech Disorders SPHP 218 (6 decks)

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