Identity Flashcards

Question

implications of relationships

Answer 1

managing the structural and flow properties in a network of relationship

Answer 2

data privacy controls and tools for user self-promotion.

Answer 3

monitoring the strength, passion, sentiment and reach of users and brands

Answer 4

membership rules and protocols

Answer 5

conversation velocity and the risks of starting and joining

Answer 6

content management system and social graphs

Answer 7

“Role model Should Not be taken to mean someone that a person wants to copy. Instead, role models serve as Navigation Points as individuals steer their Own Personal Routes Through Life”

Answer 8

Milquela has been posting on Instagram for the last 5 months and has gained a following of over 80K. Many photos posted by models blur the lines between reality and make belief. We trust what we see online. We accept more about identity and gender in modern society. The idea that identities are multiple and that individuals may select different identities at different times had led to the concept of identity as performance. Instagram.com/lilmiquela She’s a real person but she digitally edits her face. 100% CGI. But people cant seem to tell if she is real or not. A Study of 7 Millions photos online found filters increase the chance of views by 21% and comments by 45%. Social medias use of Avatars and anonymity and games with the role-playing of gangsters, wizards, soldiers, and suburban family members, moving between ethnicity, age and gender which exists in a virtual world which maybe based on actual historical or social events.

Answer 9

* Increased audience exposure to a range of identities encouraging wider acceptance in society * Changes in technology allow audience to “have more control” over their own identity * Filters give an illusion of empowerment * Difficult to identify ‘true’ identity * Multiple and mutable identities * Balance of power producer/Audience * Concept of mass audiences VS individualised responses * Online identity can be different to real life identity * The ability to edit profiles on a different platform.

Answer 10

A contemporary approach to gender representation was introduced by Judith Butler who suggests that gender is not the result of nature but is socially constructed. That is to say, male and female behaviour and roles are not the result of biology but are constructed and reinforced through media and culture. Butler argues that there are a number of exaggerated disruptive ‘tongue-in-cheek’ representations of masculinity and femininity, which draw attention to the idea that gender is socially constructed and cause what she refers to as ‘Gender Trouble’

Answer 11

* Nothing within your identity is fixed. * Your identity is little more than a pile of things which you have previously expressed or which have been said about you. * There is not really an ‘inner self’. We come to believe we have one through the repetition of discourses about it * Gender, like other aspects of identity, is a performance. Reinforced through repetition. Not always a consciously chosen one. * People can therefore change. * The binary divide between masculinity and femininity is a social construct built on the binary divide between men and women – which is also a social construction * We should challenge the traditional views of masculinity, femininity and sexuality by causing gender trouble.

Answer 12

Stucturalists say that the meaning of a text is not held within it, but in the cultural relationships surrounding and connecting it.

Answer 13

* Genre * Over Arching Narrative * Style Influences * Adaptions * Stock Characters * Binary Opposites * Recurring Themes

Answer 14

``` Girly Beauty Elegance Intelligence Rebellion Cheeky Curvy ```

Answer 15

``` Strong Aggressive Loud Rule breaker Intimidating Jokers Rowdy Immature Reckless Followers British Bulldog Chancers Boisterous ```

Answer 16

* Male Characters are often represented as isolated and their own lone hero. * “Culturally Idealised form of masculinity” has a certain level of ‘Buffness’ (IE Muscles, six pack, abs,). * Males in society have to be ( and are represented as being ) dominant as we have a patriarchal society * The Male Physique is an important part of representing masculinity.

Answer 17

* Women Exist as sexual objects. * Women provide sexual validation. * Men compete with other main for sexual validity of women.

Answer 18

The Big Shot – Professional statues, He is the epitome of success. He has the characteristics nad possessions that society deem desirable. The Action Hero - Strong but not always silent, often angry, he is violent and aggressive. These stereotypes suggest that a ‘real man’ must be powerful and successful.

Answer 19

The strong Silent type: Focuses on being in charge and containing emotion, reinforcing the idea that men should always be ‘in control’ and to show emotion is weak The Jock: Must avoid being ‘soft’. He is aggressive, fighting other men where necessary and shows his power and strength through physical exertion by doing so, he wins the approval of men and the admiration of women. Not being like this you failed masculinity. Men compare themselves to men on advertisements, which cause crisis.

Answer 20

The belief men should not be emotional and should make fun of those who are. Typical behaviour is; Drinking, partying, talking about football, women and sex. Often their jokes are at the expense of females and weaker and more vunerable males.

Answer 21

Joker is the binary opposite of the ‘Alpha’ male, exaggerating characteristics of the Alpha male to make fun of themselves. Women be little or dominate these kinds of people.

Answer 22

Will always get it wrong, unintentionally. But always comes out on top as people like them for their inadequacies.

Answer 23

The Alpha male becoming ‘Metrosexual’ Metrosexual = Being paternal and having emotions The modern male joins in with the family unit. Experienced in second best and not always winning Has experienced Rejection and takes on women roles Taking pride in their appearance. Evolved out of historical events like feminist activists in the 1970’s, rise of homosexuality and limited success of the civil rights movement.

Answer 24

Butlers Theory outlines that the media offers men and women a range of ‘Scripts’ for gender roles. Which audiences interpret and perform in their own lives. Gender trouble refers to any behaviour and representation that disrupts culturally accepted ideologies of gender.

Answer 25

Identity develops and changes as it flows

Answer 26

Identity being one and not changeable.

Answer 27

Does it even exist?

Answer 28

A lot of identities

Answer 29

Hidden identities

Answer 30

Power to reinforce identity (confidence)

Answer 31

Expected ideas on what identity is about

Answer 32

Main identity; used more of conforming to what society wants.

Answer 33

Contemporary Media = Modern day David Gauntlett argues contemporary Media presents more equality between the sexes and more complex, less stereotyped identities than ever. He suggests that it may now be more applicable to conceptualise the media as an, although limited, ‘force for change’. To illustrate this point, Gauntlett’s work identifies how conventional representations of women as housewives and unskilled workers has been supressed by images of successful and self-reliant ‘girl power’ icons: whereas ideals associated with masculinity includes toughness, competitiveness and tenacity have become unsettled through a new found focus on mens need for advice their emotions wellbeing and the ‘Crisis of masculinity’. He crucially asserts that these alterative ideas and images have at least created space for a greater diversity of identities.

Answer 34

Minority identities, smaller by coverage and representation

Answer 35

Fluid Identities allow for greater exposure to the ‘other’ giving marginalised identities a platform for empowerment and help to challenge the concept of structuralism Lady Gaga exaggerates gender characteristics, which makes it impossible to view Lady Gaga in the same way each time she is in the media as her appearance is constructed and this challenges the male gaze concept. Lady Gaga provokes Anxiety among the mass media because she does not conform to conventions about female beauty in her field, e.g. pop music, therefore questioning who her ‘true’ identity is.

Answer 36

Identity is constructed in the media because of social norms and stereotypes used to represent the real world. The social pressures made by the media to be perfect and have the ideal life are reinforced by celebrities sharing ideologies of what the perfect image and life looks like. We construct our own identity as a sub-conscious way of escapism.

Answer 37

Sex is a biological grouping – what makes us male and female Gender = Masculinity and femininity – this is effected and created by social and cultural influences ( what it means to be a man and a women) – This changes over time.

Answer 38

Traditionally representations of men in the media were manly, macho characters – common in the 1970’s and 1980’s EG Characters like James Bond, TV, Programmes like Magnum and Starsky and Hutch.

Answer 39

Modern characters are seen as in touch with their feminine side, showing their emotions and taking pride in their appearance

Answer 40

- One recent development in the representations of masculinity is the metrosexual (mid 1990’s) - The young single man with a high disposable income, living in the city – as it is near to the best shops. - The Metrosexual man is not gay but is often confused with being homosexual - He is objectified and sexualised (turned into a sex object) which goes again goes against traditional representations of masculinity.

Answer 41

Women can also be capable of demonstrating masculinity (Masculine traits) in how they are represented in the media.

Answer 42

Since the 1980’s there have been significant changes in the representations of men. New stereotypes have emerged that deviate from traditional masculine traits. Many argue this is mainly due to the ‘rise’ of Feminism and the equality of women in society

Answer 43

- From the boys to men - the action hero - the big shot - the strong silent type - the jock - the joker - the fool/buffoon

Answer 44

Media Messages About Masculinity’ Report (1999) from pressure group Children Now. They found there were now seven common stereotypical representations of men.

Answer 45

is strong but not always silent. He is often angry and above all he is aggressive in the extreme and engages in violent behaviour.

Answer 46

He is defined by his professional status. He is the epitome of success embodying the characteristics and acquiring the possessions that society deems valuable. This stereotype suggests that a real man must be economically powerful and socially successful.

Answer 47

focuses on being in charge, containing emotion and succeeding with women. This stereotype reinforces the assumption that men and boys should always be in control and talking about ones feelings is a sign of weakness.

Answer 48

is always willing to compromise his own long-term health, he must fight other men when necessary and must avoid being soft and must be aggressive. By demonstrating his power and strength the jock wins approval of other men and the adoration of women.

Answer 49

A very popular character with boys/men - a potential negative consequence of this stereotype is the assumption that boys and men should not be serious or emotional. However researchers have also found that humorous roles can expand definitions of masculinity

Answer 50

Explain The Fool/ Buffoon

Answer 51

The dominant ideology in our society. The reason for the overly positive and dominant representations of men in the media is down to power. Many critics and theorists suggest that we are (and still are) living within a patriarchy. Patriarchy is a male run/ dominated society. Men have been in control of the media so have created positive representations that support their dominance (hegemony)

Answer 52

Social contexts: Since the late 1970-1980 men have been seen to be in a crisis, a crisis/ confusion of identity. As women were occupying roles and jobs in society that were traditionally the domain of men – men did not know how or what they were supposed to be – what it means to be a man now? Traditionally ideas of masculinity were/are changing. This led to a variety in their representations and roles in society.

Answer 53

“There is another sector of the media, the elite media, sometimes called the agenda-setting media because they are the ones with the big resources. The elite media set a framework with which others operate

Answer 54

To have a set point and goal to work around and possibly achieve, to follow for.

Answer 55

Mainstream media are institutions, which have a level of dominance, power and control over the images seen in the media.

Answer 56

* Whitewashing * Gender: Female = Beauty / Males = Muscular * Males are better than females

Answer 57

Elite -> Power -> Mass

Answer 58

Bourgeoisie: * Own Different types of capitals (Wealth, Factories, Shares, Properties) * Middle Class and Above * Dominates the proletariat

Answer 59

Mass = Proletariat: * Exploited for profit * Mass of the population * Accept the systems and power of the bourgeoisie.

Answer 60

Karl Marx suggests societal structures exist to support the bourgeoisie through either repressive or ideological ways.

Answer 61

Those that will enforce the rules if they are not upheld Army Police Legal System

Answer 62

Those that construct the values and ideologies, which control behaviours. Schools Religions Families Media

Answer 63

The media create a false consciousness, which is the belief in the ideas and values as the truth when they are in fact constructed ideologies which support the super structure. Marx ideas suggest that medias view of the world constructed through most mainstream media persuade the proletariat to accept capitalism as natural and inevitable whist at the same time distracting them from complaining about any exploitations.

Answer 64

“The first thing the advertisers do is surround us with the image of ideal female beauty, so we all learn how important it is for a woman to be beautiful, and exactly what it takes” She states that advertisements sell Ideas of love, people relationships, success and values more than the product theyre originally trying to sell. Women are made to feel ashamed and guilty when they don’t look like this ‘Ideal female beauty’ that they learn from an early age. They also will understand failure is inevitable and successfully achieving this ‘beauty’ is impossible. Because it is all digitally manipulated and computerised by alterations. Girls are fine with how they look around 8,9 & 10 but until they reach adolescence and they hit this wall. Hormones come in and this impacts mood around trying ( and failing) to achieve this ‘Beauty’ According to Kilbourne, women are more often shown ‘Dismembered’ (Just parts of their bodies shown’)

Answer 65

Jean Kilbourne started collecting ads in the late 1960s, inspired, in part, by her involvement with the women’s movement, her interest in media, and her experiences as a model. * Kilbourne started to see a pattern in the ads – a kind of statement about what it meant to be a woman in American culture. * Over the past 40 years, despite the gains of the women’s movement, Kilbourne believes advertising’s image of women has only gotten worse. • Advertising is a $250 billion a year industry in the United States. * The average American is exposed to over 3,000 ads every single day and will spend two years of his or her life watching television commercials. * Ads are everywhere: schools, buildings, sports stadiums, billboards, bus stops, buses, cars, elevators, medical offices, airplanes, food, etc. * Many people feel personally exempt from the influence of advertising.

Answer 66

• Advertising tells women that what’s most important is how they look, and ads surround us with the image of ideal female beauty. However, this flawlessness cannot be achieved. It’s a look that’s been created through airbrushing, cosmetics, and computer retouching. * You almost never see a photograph of a woman considered beautiful that hasn’t been Photoshopped. * Women of color are generally considered beautiful only if they approximate the white ideal: light skin, straight hair, and Caucasian features. * Black women are often featured in jungle settings wearing leopard skins as if they were exotic animals. * In all kinds of advertising, women’s bodies are turned into “things” and “objects.” Kilbourne believes this objectification creates a climate in which there is widespread violence against women * Women’s bodies are often dismembered in ads. Just one part of the body – often breasts – is focused on. • There has been a dramatic increase in recent years in the amount of cosmetic procedures: o 91% of all cosmetic procedures are performed on women. o From 1997 to 2007, these procedures, overall, rose 457% to almost 12 million per year. o Over the same period, there has been an increase of 754% in non-surgical procedures like Botox and laser treatments. o And an increase of 114% in actual surgeries, like breast implants, liposuction, and eyelid surgery. There are now more than two million of these a year. • Men basically don’t live in a world in which their bodies are routinely scrutinized, criticized, and judged – whereas women and girls do. • We’re told that women are acceptable only if they’re young, thin, white – or at least lightskinned – perfectly groomed and polished, plucked and shaved. And any deviation from this ideal is met with a lot of contempt and hostility.

Answer 67

* Pop culture delights in ridiculing and mocking celebrities who’ve gained weight. * The obsession with thinness is about cutting girls down to size – to aspire to become nothing. * Yesterday’s sex symbols would be considered fat by today’s standards. * Models keep getting thinner and thinner. If they are not thin enough, Photoshop is used to make them appear thinner. * The body type that we see in advertisements as acceptable or desirable is one that fewer than 5% of American women have. * Some ads today seem to encourage unhealthy attitudes – even eating disorders. * Academy Award winner Kate Winslet has been outspoken about her refusal to allow Hollywood to dictate her weight. When British GQ magazine digitally enhanced her photograph to make her look thinner, she issued a statement saying, “I don’t look like that, and, more importantly, I don’t desire to look like that. I can tell you they’ve reduced the size of my legs by about a third.” * Women are bombarded with ads for products that promise weight loss. However, diet products are often dangerous, and at best they do not work. 95% of dieters not only regain whatever weight they lose within five years, they go on to gain more. * Obesity is a major public health problem: 1/3 of Americans are obese, and 2/3 are overweight. * We need to transform our attitudes as a culture about food and about the way we eat, but that’s very difficult to do in a culture that teaches all of us to hate our bodies. * Women have been made to feel ashamed of eating. And the more guilty women are made to feel about eating, the more erotic the ads for food become. • Anne Becker’s famous study found a sharp rise in eating disorders among young women in Fiji soon after the introduction of television to the culture. * According to the editor in chief of Advertising Age, the major publication of the advertising industry, “Only 8% of an ad’s message is received by the conscious mind. The rest is worked and reworked deep within the recesses of the brain.” * Ads create an environment. Just as it’s difficult to be healthy in a toxic physical environment, if we’re breathing poisoned air or drinking polluted water, it’s difficult to be healthy in a “toxic cultural environment” that surrounds us with unhealthy images and constantly sacrifices our health and well-being for the sake of profit. * Ads sell more than products. They sell values, images, and concepts of love, sexuality, success, and normalcy. They tell us who we are and who we should be

Answer 68

Girls are often pictured in ads with their hands over their mouths. Their body language is usually passive, vulnerable, and very different from the body language of boys and men. * Women are told that it’s sexy to be like a little girl. * The sexualization of little girls has become much more extreme. For example, padded bras and thongs for seven-year-olds are now sold in major department stores. * The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy, and the highest rates of sexually transmitted diseases by far, in the developed world. * Images that used to belong to the world of pornography are now commonplace. * Sex in advertising is relentlessly heterosexist. Gay men barely exist outside of publications targeting them, and the portrayal of lesbians comes straight from the world of porn. * The Internet has given everyone easy access to pornography. * As girls learn from a very early age that their sexualized behavior and appearance are often rewarded by society, they’re encouraged to see this as their own choice – as a declaration of empowerment. * Kilbourne wants to be very clear that there is nothing wrong with wanting to be attractive and sexy. What’s wrong, she says, is that this is emphasized for girls and women to the exclusion of other important qualities and aspects. * Being “hot” has become the most important measure of success. This extremely superficial and limited definition of sexiness makes most women feel insecure, vulnerable, and much less sexy. * In 2007, the American Psychological Association released a report concluding that girls exposed to sexualized images from a young age are more prone to depression, eating disorders, and low self-esteem. * Girls are constantly given the mixed message by popular culture that they should be sexy but innocent, experienced but virginal.

Answer 69

* Advertisers always find ways to turn any movement for radical change into just another way to push a product. For example, feminism as individual self-expression is more likely to sell Botox than change the world. * Sexual images in advertisements aren’t intended to sell us on sex. They’re designed to promote shopping and consumerism. Not only are people objectified in ads, but also products are sexualized. * Another thing that has changed dramatically over the years has been the increase in ads that objectify men. They’re generally bigger, stronger, and more powerful than women. * Masculinity is often linked with violence. Boys grow up in a world where men are constantly shown as perpetrators of brutal violence, encouraging toughness and insensitivity. * The negative and distorted image of women deeply affects not only how men feel about women, but also how men feel about everything that gets labeled feminine by the culture – qualities like compassion, cooperation, empathy, intuition, and sensitivity. * Human beings should share the whole range of human qualities – strong and gentle, logical and intuitive, powerful and nurturing – and not be told one sex can have only one set of human qualities and one sex only the other. * Violent images make some people more aggressive, they desensitize just about everybody, and they make most people more likely to blame the victim. * The most dangerous image is one that eroticizes violence. Many ads feature women in bondage, battered, or even murdered. * Battering is the single greatest cause of injury to women in America. * One-third of all the women who are murdered in our country are killed by their male partners. * Most men are not violent, but many men are afraid to speak out against it. * The obsession with thinness, the tyranny of the ideal image of beauty, and violence against women are all public health problems that affect us all. * Kilbourne believes we need a lot of citizen activism, education, discussion, and media literacy, and we need to work together to change norms and attitudes. We need to think of ourselves as citizens rather than primarily as consumers.

Answer 70

“If we like them, they’re freedom fighters, she thought. If we don’t like them, they’re terrorists. In the unlikely case we can’t make up our minds they’re temporarily only Geurrillas”

Answer 71

Members of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger regular forces.

Answer 72

``` Gender - Male, Female Disability - Non-Disabled, Disabled, Social Class - Upper/Middle Class, Working/Lower Class Sexuality - Hetrosexual, LGBT+ Ethnicity - White, Non-White ```

Answer 73

Audience can identify with different groups in society Can empower audiences to make choice No risk of collapse of the media (it will always be there

Answer 74

Dominant and marginalised groups emerge Health risks due to feelings of inadequacies Exploitations of genders, ethnicities, social class Moral panics develop Fear of labelling (Folk Devils) Gaps and divisions in society grow further apart Motivation is purely for financial gain Delivers a propaganda style message Monopoly of media institutions leading to bias

Answer 75

a late 20th-century style and concept in the arts, architecture, and criticism, which represents a departure from modernism and is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories.

Answer 76

an image or representation of someone or something. / an unsatisfactory imitation or substitute

Answer 77

Social media illustrates the transition between the consumer and the media. It uses “Real People” who choose to be observed and scrutinised. It provides opportunities from interactions between fans (the consumers / customers) and brands, celebrities and / or other media products Social Media does not entertain – rather exists to create identities – it is a hybrid of CCTV surveillance and commercial advertising In the real world social media users are anything from a talentless nobody to a household name but both are treated as stars.

Answer 78

Baudrillard’s argument indicates that social media images are an example of hyper-reality; They have come to seem more ‘real’ than the reality they supposedly represent, e.g. perfect Instagram images seem ‘real’ whereas Snapchat exaggerates what can be ‘real’

Answer 79

The brands we like influence and change the way we behave and think. They make us act the way we would like to act and identify as. They shape our identity as we become the brand value. We change to be this certain ideology that the brand suggests or stands for. To fit in with the brand image; whether it be clothing, music or food.

Answer 80

``` Audience decides whats cool More likes better we feel Reputation grows due to recognition Express yourself Share obsessions People “all about it” Normal day people gain their own following and feel like a celebrity. ```

Answer 81

``` Social media currency of likes Gained and collected data from us Using you customs for their brands Tailor adverts towards you Turn likes into money Keep us online ,become a part of the game ```

Answer 82

- Power - Promotion - Friends - gratification - Expression - live out a dream - role play - Money - finance, quick and easy, accessible

Answer 83

- Low self esteem - Only empowered for the moment - Lying - Fake Identity - Lives in a deluded reality

Answer 84

- Be a celebrity - Cooperation with brands - Synergy - Job promotion for hobbies - consumers the marketer - Fame - Money - To do things in the first place - Build your own brand

Answer 85

- Paedophiles - Stalkers - Pain to create content - Physical harm - Mental health - Bullying - Harassment Online - Pressured - Ego to demand thing

Answer 86

Judith Butler’s idea of Gender Performance also suggests that the media determine and control individual’s identities. Butler argued that feminism had made a mistake by trying to assert that 'women' were a group with common characteristics and interests. That approach, Butler said, performed 'an unwitting regulation and reification of gender relations' reinforcing a binary view of gender relations in which human beings are divided into two clear-cut groups, women and men. Rather than opening up possibilities for a person to form and choose their own individual identity, therefore, feminism had closed the options down. Butler notes that feminists rejected the idea that biology is destiny, but then developed an account of patriarchal culture which assumed that masculine and feminine genders would inevitably be built, by culture, upon 'male' and 'female' bodies, making the same destiny just as inescapable. That argument allows no room for choice, difference or resistance.

Answer 87

The Male Theory, which looks at different portrayals of males in the media, shows that the media have built these identities which individuals will inevitably follow for social pressure as they would interpret these identities as normal and what they should be. An example of this would be the Alpha Male. This is a man shown to be physically muscular as he is the most dominant man mentally, emotionally and physically strong. Showing little emotion other than anger and aggression, this ideology of what males are reflect on the audiences and make men who aren’t this feel inadequate. The alpha male’s will see females as sexual objects for them to own, this belittles females and suggests that female identity is domesticated and ruled under the male. In this postmodern world where ideologies about gender, ethnicity and sexuality are less discriminated against because of wider exposure, In more modern media we are shown the performance of a metrosexual male which is a more sensitive male who is open about emotions and feelings. These men care a lot about appearance and will demonstrate female characteristics, yet with Alpha Males the media remains out-dated with these identities which try to control individual identities.

Answer 88

David Gauntlett suggest that the individual is free to develop and refine their own identities. Gauntlett suggests that individuals must think about their own identity, attitudes, behaviours and lifestyle in relation to the media figures they see, Some who could be potential ‘role models’. Individuals must make decisions and judgements about their own way of living. This reason is why the concept of ‘role model’ is important although the individual should not be taken to mean someone that they want to copy. Instead the role model should serve as navigation points as individuals steer their own personal routes through life. To illustrate this point, Gauntlett’s work identifies how conventional representations of women as housewives and unskilled workers has been superseded by images of successful and self-reliant ‘girl power’ icons. Whereas ideas associated with masculinity including toughness, competitiveness and tenacity have become unsettled through a new found focus on men’s need for advice, their emotions, wellbeing and this ‘crisis of masculinity’ currently in circulation. He argues contemporary media presents more equality between the sexes and more complex, less stereotyped identities than ever. He crucially asserts that these alternative ideas and images have at least created space for a greater diversity of identities and that it may now be more applicable to conceptualise the media as an albeit limited, ‘force for change’.

Answer 89

Douglas Rushkoff proposed this question of Exploit or Empower? Douglas Rushkoff suggested that or kids today, you are what you like. Individuals today will carefully chose the content they post, like and share however secret algorithms use this information about us to market products based on our interests and our online habits to us. The consumer becomes the marketer. You are your own social media company. Individuals feel empowered but must be exploited to do so and thus companies use individuals and the audience to sell the products they interact with online back to them. This is now a interactive media, no longer one way communication.

Answer 90

A hyperrealitiy or a simulacra where they can pretend and feel like they are famous and stars and anything they want to be. But Baudrillards argument indicates that social media images are an example of hyperreality; they have come to seem more ‘real’ than the reality they supposedly represent. Social media does not entertain – rather it exists to create identities, it’s a hybrid of CCTV surveillance and commercial advertising.

Answer 91

When really this creates a fake identity online meaning because of social media it is hard to understand ‘true’ identity when there are multiple identities. An example of this online is from the Instagram @lilmiquela. This Instagram account takes effects and filters to a whole new level to create her identity online. Lil Miquela digitally contracts a 3D model of ‘herself’ to post on social media

Answer 92

Noam Chomsky suggests that a sector called the agenda-setting media have the big resources and these elites set the framework with which others operate. We see this via dominant and marginalised identities. The media control their identities by encouraging feelings that the dominant ideologies are the correct way perpetuating stereotypes about dominant and marginalised identity as it becomes more mainstream due to the users

Answer 93

This stream of media reinforces dominant identities and misrepresents marginalised groups. This Theory of Marxism displays the answer that Media determine and control people’s identity as the Elite bourgeoisie have power over the mass proletariat.

Identity Flashcards

(117 cards)