Identity - Key Ideas Flashcards
Filler definition
Words, sounds or phrases used to describe”fill in” the space when we don’t know what to say
Syntax definition
Word order
Colloquial language
Specific informal expressions used in specific regions (jargon).
Grices maxims definition
These are the rules of politeness to create a successful conversation. When these maxims are flouted the conversation becomes unsuccessful
Face theory definition
The way a speaker deals with a potential threat to their self-esteem
FTA definition
Infringes on the hearers need to maintain self esteem
Positive face definition? Example?
Someone’s need to feel accepted and liked by others. E.g. wanting people to notice when you’ve got a new haircut
Negative face definition? Example?
Someone’s need to feel independent and not be imposed upon. E.g. wanting to be able to come and go from your house as you please.
Negative strategies definition? Example?
Ways of speaking that try not to intrude on someone’s independence. E.g. “I’m sorry to bother you, but could you possibly move your car?”
Positive strategies definition? Example?
Ways of speaking that emphasise friendliness and approval. E.g. “hey, great to see you! I was wondering if you could help me out with something?”
Idiolect definition
The distinctive speech of an individual. Like your fingerprint, your idiolect is unique due to the specific influences you will have had during the course of your lifetime. You will then select your linguistic repertoire according to the context in which you’re speaking i.e. who you are talking to, about what, for what purpose(s)
Identity definition
The fact of being. Who or what a person or thing is.
Sociolect definition
The language spoken by a “social group”, “social class” or “subculture”. It is a term which combines the words ‘social’ and ‘dialect’.
Idiosyncrasies definition
A characteristic, habit, mannerism or the like, that is peculiar to an individual
Identity switching definition
Identity can change depending on context
Identity is the whole sum of characteristics given by…
-place
-age
-gender
-race/nationallity
-history
-sexual orientation
-religious orientation
Identities are presented…
-how we behave
-hobbies
-the way we speak
-music taste
Different types of identity?definitions?
-psychological- how we perceive ourselves
-individual- who we think we are at our core
-social identity- how we portray ourselves in a social situation
-collective- groups we belong to
Convergence definition
Attaining your style of language use to a group in order to fit in. (When people adapt their language to become more similar to others)
Divergence definition
A linguistic strategy whereby a member of a speech community accentuates the linguistic differences between themself and their interlocutor. (When people adapt their language to become more different from others)
