Ideology and Identity Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is an ideology?
A structured set of beliefs and values about how society should function politically, economically, and socially.
What does society refer to in ideological terms?
A group of individuals who share institutions, culture, and laws shaped by dominant ideologies.
What is individualism?
A belief system that emphasizes personal freedom, autonomy, self-interest, and minimal government interference.
What is collectivism?
A belief in group goals, cooperation, and the common good over the individual.
What does the status quo mean?
The current state of affairs in society, which conservatives often aim to maintain.
What is a radical ideology?
One that demands immediate and complete societal change, often through revolutionary means.
What is a moderate ideology?
A belief system that seeks gradual, balanced change rather than extremes.
What is conservatism?
An ideology that values tradition and stability, resisting rapid change.
What is a reactionary view?
A desire to return to past societal structures or conditions.
What is elitism?
The belief that a select, privileged group should hold power due to their perceived superiority.
What is popular sovereignty?
The idea that political power comes from the people and their collective will.
What is the social contract?
An agreement in which individuals give up certain freedoms in exchange for societal order and protection.
What does rule of law mean?
The principle that all individuals and institutions are equally subject to the law.
What are rights and freedoms?
Legal guarantees that protect individual liberties such as speech, religion, and assembly.
What is economic freedom?
The ability to make one’s own economic choices, such as owning property or starting a business.
What is self-interest?
The motivation to act in ways that benefit oneself, a core idea in individualism.
What is the difference between public and private property?
Private property is owned by individuals or businesses; public property is owned by the government or community.
What is progressivism?
A movement that seeks to reform society to promote equality, justice, and the common good.
What are libertarian, neo-liberal, and neo-conservative ideologies?
Libertarianism supports minimal government; neo-liberalism focuses on free markets; neo-conservatism emphasizes tradition and security.
What is a welfare state?
A government that provides social services like healthcare, education, and unemployment support to ensure well-being.
What is classical liberalism?
Emphasizes individual liberty, limited government, and free markets.
What is modern liberalism?
Supports government intervention to promote social justice and reduce inequality.
What does the political/economic spectrum show?
A range of ideologies from left (equality, government control) to right (freedom, limited government).
What is extremism?
Holding radical views that often reject democratic values and compromise.
