IDK Flashcards
(22 cards)
What keeps you full?
The feeling of fullness after eating with no further desire food caused by leptin and gherkin
(hormones)
GI
Measures of how quickly and how much food raises your blood glucose levels
- LOW GI are slow release, healthier foods
- The foods that provide the greatest leave of satiety are high protein foods
Chemical and mechanical digestion
-the use of physical force to break down foods such as chewing or squisinsh movements
-begins in the mouth, teeth grined and tear food into smaller pieces that can be swallowed, the tounge helps this
-the musical walls of the osophegous
Function of vili
-nutrients pass through to pass through blood stream or lymphatic system
-glucose is absorbed through into your blood stream
-when vili is damaged nutrients can be absorbed propelry- celiac
Macronutrients
*Macronutrients are the essential nutrients that our bodies need in large amounts.
*Macronutrients include; proteins, carbohydrates and fat
*The absorption of nutrients occurs along the whole length of the small intestine
Carbs being digested
*Sugars and starches are broken down to glucose during digestion – the glucose is absorbed into the blood stream to cells in other parts of the body
*The pancreas secretes a hormone called insulin, which helps the glucose to move from the bloodstream into the cells – once inside the cell, the glucose is ‘burned’ along with oxygen to produce energy
Proteins being digested
*Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion – the amino acids are absorbed into the blood capillaries where they dissolve in the blood and are carried to the liver for storage
*These amino acids are the building blocks for protein synthesis for the creation of new tissue, cells and hair
Fats being digested
*During digestion, fats are broken down to fatty acids and glycerol – these fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed into the lacteal or inner section of the villi in the small intestine
*In the lacteal they recombine to form fats, which mix with lymphatic fluid – they then move around the body in the lymphatic system, and join the blood circulation as insoluble fat – they are converted to soluble fat in the liver
Simple and complex sugars
Simple sugars, such as sugar-sweetened beverages and desserts full of added sugars, are quickly digested and absorbed. In contrast, complex carbohydrates, such as an apple or a slice of whole-grain bread, take longer to digest and absorb, leaving you to feel fuller longer
How are macronutrients utilised, why do we need it what do we do w it
Proteins
Absorption
What Is the key to probiotics and prebiotics
Probiotics- –Probiotics are live microbial food supplements such as Lactobacillus bacteria species which when added to foods enhance nutrition absorption from the bowel and protect the bowel against cancer and other bowel disorders
Prebiotics- –Are compounds in food products that are non-digestible. These compounds stimulate the growth or activity of naturally occurring colonic bacteria thereby improving health
appetite
riven by your desire of food, can be triggered by the sight of appealing food
bile
Bile, or gall, is a yellow-green/misty green fluid produced by the liver of most vertebrates that aids the digestion of lipids in the small intestine
digestion
Digestion is the process by which food is broken down into substances that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy
chemical digestion
ses certain enzymes to break down nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, into smaller molecules
Anyzamatic hydrolisis
the process of splitting proteins into smaller components using enzymes and water, making it possible to extract high-quality proteins
Gi
based on how rapidly the carbohydrate is digested and absorbed into the bloodstream
Leptin
Leptin is a hormone that is produced by your body’s fat cells. It’s often referred to as the “satiety hormone” or the “starvation hormone
macronutrients
carbs, fats, protein, essential nutrients that our body needs
saietey
felling of fullness due to leptin and gherkin (hormones)
saturated fats
contain the maximum amount of hydrogen. These fats are known as the unhealthy fats and can increase the risk of heart disease
trans fat
are created artificially through a process called hydrogenation. These fats are said to be even more unhealthy for you than saturated fats as they increase the level of bad cholesterol and lower the level of good cholesterol
unsaturated fats-do not contain the maximum amount of hydrogen. These fats are known as the healthy fats and can reduce cholesterol levels, this is because they mainly come from plant sources.
