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Question 2

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 2

A diet that consists of the necessary nutrients needed for health and maintenance.

Question 3

List the food/nutrient groups.

Answer 3

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Fats
• Minerals
• Vitamins
• Water

Question 4

What are carbohydrates used for?

Answer 4

Energy and quick release of sugars.

Question 5

What are the three main groups of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

• Monosaccharides
• Disaccharides
• Polysaccharides

Question 6

Give an example of a monosaccharide.

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Give an example of a disaccharide.

Answer 7

Sucrose

Question 8

What is a polysaccharide?

Answer 8

A large molecule made up of many glucose molecules joined together.

Question 9

What element do carbohydrates contain?

Answer 9

• Hydrogen
• Oxygen
• Carbon

Question 10

True or False: All sugars have the ending -OSE.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Carbohydrates are an important part of a balanced diet and are a source of _______.

Answer 11

energy

Question 12

What is the role of proteins in a diet?

Answer 12

Growth of organisms and repair of tissues.

Question 13

What is the function of fats in the body?

Answer 13

Energy and insulation.

Question 14

What do minerals and vitamins help with?

Answer 14

Metabolic and chemical reactions.

Question 15

What is the role of water in the body?

Answer 15

Helps to keep food moving through the gut.

Question 16

Name two types of sugars that are disaccharides.

Answer 16

• Sucrose
• Lactose

Question 17

Identify a polysaccharide.

Answer 17

Starch

Question 18

What carbohydrate is found in DNA?

Answer 18

Deoxyribose

Question 19

Which carbohydrates are associated with cellulose?

Answer 19

• Cellulose
• Starch
• Glycogen

Question 20

What are the properties of carbohydrates?

Answer 20

Carbohydrates have particular properties including sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) that taste sweet in water, while polysaccharides do not taste sweet and are compact.

Sugars are soluble in water, whereas polysaccharides are not.

Question 21

What is the structure of disaccharides and polysaccharides?

Answer 21

Disaccharides and polysaccharides are made of single sugars joined together by bonds.

This includes glucose units which can form larger carbohydrate structures.

Question 22

What is formed when two glucose units are joined together?

Answer 22

A disaccharide is formed, such as sucrose.

This process involves a glycosidic bond.

Question 23

What is the product of the reaction involving sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide?

Answer 23

Oxygen and glucose are produced.

This reaction is known as photosynthesis.

Question 24

Which carbohydrates are classified as animal carbohydrates?

Answer 24

Animal carbohydrates include:
* Glucose
* Lactose
* Glycogen

These are found in blood and milk.

Question 25

Which carbohydrates are classified as plant carbohydrates?

Answer 25

Plant carbohydrates include: * Sucrose * Fructose * Starch * Cellulose ## Footnote These are found in nectar, leaves, roots, and cell walls.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: All sugars start off as a product of _______.

Answer 26

photosynthesis

Question 27

True or False: Polysaccharides taste sweet in water.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What bond is formed when glucose units combine?

Answer 28

A glycosidic bond ## Footnote This bond is crucial for the formation of disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Question 29

Where is glycogen stored in the body?

Answer 29

In the liver and muscles. ## Footnote Glycogen serves as a form of energy storage in animals.