idk Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
INDIVIDUALISTIC CULTURE
A
Cultural beliefs systems that look to benefit the self and immediate relationships. They focus on uniqueness and personal ambition.
2
Q
COLLECTIVIST CULTURE
A
A cultural belief system that refers to emphasis on community, harmony and cooperation.
3
Q
INCOME TAX
A
- the government’s main source of income
- levied on all income and profits received by the taxpayer
4
Q
WHAT DOES TAX GO TO
A
- services (roads and hospitals)
5
Q
SARS
A
South African Revenue Services
6
Q
TAX THRESHOLD
A
the level of income at which you begin to pay tax
7
Q
NON-COMPLIANCE
A
not doing something that is legally required
8
Q
TAX DODGING
A
avoiding paying tax
9
Q
STRESS
A
a reaction caused by ongoing or new pressures and demands
10
Q
STRESSORS
A
the things that cause stress
11
Q
PHYSICAL STRRSSORS
A
this is when physical factors cause stress that affects your body
12
Q
EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL STRESSORS
A
- lack of exercise
- physical abuse
- illness
13
Q
EMOTIONAL STRESSORS
A
stressors that effect your thoughts and feelings
14
Q
EXAMPLES OF EMOTIONAL STRESSORS
A
- anxiety
- anger
- constant worry
15
Q
SOCIAL STRESSORS
A
aspects of your relationships with others that cause stress
16
Q
EXAMPLES OF SOCIAL STRESSORS
A
- divorce, death
- peer pressure
- bullying
17
Q
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS
A
- pollution (eg. air or water)
- natural disasters
- harmful living conditions
18
Q
SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
A
- feeling worried
- feeling cold and shivering
- headaches
19
Q
EUSTRESS
A
positive stress
20
Q
WHY IS EUSTRESS GOOD
A
can motivate and encourage you to push yourself
eg.) going for an interview
21
Q
DISTRESS
A
negative/bad stress than can affect your quality of life
22
Q
WHY DISTRESS IS BAD
A
- can make you ill, unhappy and unproductive
- can lead to substance abuse
23
Q
LOW LEVEL OF STRESS
A
you are still able to cope
24
Q
AVERAGE LEVEL OF STRESS
A
still coping, but your stressors need attention before they become unmanageable
25
HIGH LEVEL OF STRESS
you urgently need to apply stress management methods to reduce stress
26
COPING MECHANISMS
ways to handle or deal with stress
27
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
the ways to deal with or manage and prevent stress
28
CONFLICT
happens when there are disagreements or struggles for power
29
INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT
conflict existing or occurring between people
| eg.) a fight
30
INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICT
existing or occurring within yourself
| eg.) wanting to study but also wanting to jol
31
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
- make an outline of what the conflict is about
- use 'I' statements to resolve
- use assertive and listening skills
32
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE COMMUNICATION
- personality
- attitude and values
- views and feelings
- respect for the feelings of others
33
TRANSITION
movement or change from one stage to another
34
LIFE CYCLE
growth or progression through different stages of development
35
RITE OF PASSAGE
rituals or events that symbolize important stages in a person's life
36
IMPORTANT STAGES IN LIFE CYCLE
birth
puberty
18/21 years old
37
WHY GETTING AN NSC IS IMPORTANT
- allows you to study at a HEI
- basic requirement for bursaries
- required for many jobs
38
CORRUPTION
the misuse of public power and money for private benefit
39
FRAUD
getting money by cheating, stealing or doing dishonest deals
40
FORMS OF CORRUPT BEHAVIOR
bribery
stealing public resources
nepotism
41
INFLUENCE PEDDLING
the practice of using one's influence in government to receive info or benefits
42
EXTORTION
obtaining money or favors through threats and force
43
HOW CORRUPTION IMPACTS THE INDIVIDUAL
- reduces the poor's access to services
- increases cost of public services
- makes the poor feel cheated
44
HOW CORRUPTION IMPACTS COMPANIES
- people won't trust officials
- the company gets a bad name
- people in the company mistrust each other
45
HOW CORRUPTION IMPACTS COMMUNITIES
- people start to develop mistrust
| - community will believe the only way to access things is through bribery > corruption becomes the norm
46
HOW CORRUPTION IMPACTS THE COUNTRY
- unemployment inc
- institutions will not develop
- service delivery will not be at its best
47
UNEMPLOYMENT
- being without a job
| - rate very high in SA
48
WHAT UNEMPLOYMENT LEADS TO
- fewer goods and services provided
- poverty
- businesses may close (losing money)
49
REASONS FOR UNEMPLOYMENT
- no jobs for people with certain skills
- people with experience are preferred
- overpopulation
50
REASONS FOR YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
- businesses prefer experienced workers
- lack of networking skills
- poverty (lack of funds for further qualifications)
51
IMPACT OF UNEMPLOYMENT
- poverty
- substance/other abuse
- crime
52
UNEMPLOYMENT CYCLE
- no job
- poverty, hunger
- no money to find jobs
- pressure at home
- may just take any job
- high risk of substance abuse and crime
53
H-PASS
40 for Eng + 2
| 30 x 3
54
D-PASS
H-pass + 40 x 4 excl LO
55
B-PASS
H-pass + 50 x 4 excl LO
56
SMART GOALS
```
S pecfic
M easureable
A ctive (actions)
R ealistic
T imed (time frame)
```
57
MAINTAINING RELATIONSHIPS
- make personal rel a high priority
- invest time in important rel
- show appreciation
- resolve problems a$ap
- cooperation & communication
58
REQUIREMENTS FOR A GOOD RELATIONSHIP
- mutual respect
- generosity
- good listener
59
GOOD STUDY SKILLS
- flashcards, mindmaps, summaries
| - be organised (study plan, place, organised)
60
POSITIVES OF CHANGE
- Potential of something better
- New opportunities
- Personal growth
61
NEGATIVES OF CHANGE
- Fear of the unknown
- Leaving what you know and
enjoy
- Uncertainty
62
DEALING WITH CHANGE
- set attainable goals
- have healthy support systems
- think positively
63
QUALITY OF LIFE
your level of personal well-being and satisfaction with your life; what the conditions of your life are
64
POSITIVES OF CHANGE
exciting, challenging
new opportunities
can lead to personal growth
65
NEGATIVES OF CHANGE
stress
insecurity, anxienty
not always for the better
66
low-impact exercise
where at least one of your feet remains in contact w the ground at all times
67
high-impact exercise
where both feet leave the ground at the same time, puts stress on the joints and muscles
68
physical fitness
ability to perform physical activities vigorously, with energy left for other tasks
69
flexibility
ability to move joints and use muscles through their full range of motion
70
muscle endurance
the ability of your muscles to continue applying force
71
BMI
a calculation of your body weight in comparison to your height
72
study methods
flash cards
summaries
mind maps
73
why is an SBA important
tells the teacher and you what you know and what you still need to learn
74
counteracting unemployment
volunteering
part time jobs
entrepreneurship
75
cronyism
favoritism to friends regardless of their qualifications
76
duties as a responsible citizen
are aware of and respect human rights
obey the law
pay your taxes
77
bill of rights
enshrines the human rights of all the people in our country and affirms the democratic views of human equality and freedom
78
discrimination
you treat them unjustly and unfairly bc you see them as different from you
79
role of media in democracy
- to inform society about daily events that are newsworthy and entertaining
- expose rights violations
- report unlawful activity
- expose corruption
80
the media should...
- be fair, honest, reliable
- explain issues without being sensational
promote free and fair elections
81
when the media does not fulfill their roles
- entertaining rather than informing
- exaggerating dangers, making people scared for no reason
- biased views, incorrect views
82
freedom of expression
freely expressing your views and opinions through communication methods
83
constitutional freedom of expression
freedom of press, media, artistic creativity, scientific research
84
limitations for free of exp
war propaganda
incitement of violence
advocacy of hatred
85
values
personal beliefs that guide the way you live your life
86
lifestyle diseases
an illness that is linked to the way people live, can be prevented by changes in nutrition and lifestyle
87
lifestyle diseases eg
cervical, lung cancer
hepatitis B
high blood pressure
TB, STIs
88
health results of poverty
poor sanitation
food insecurity
hypertension due to stress
89
gender roles
the different roles and resp assigned to men and women by society
90
crises
an emergency situation that causes stress
91
psychosomatic illness
sickness that involves both the mind and the body
92
psychologial factors that lead to ill health
eg) if you have a low self esteem and think you are not worth demanding safe sex -- no condom -- can lead to HIV and STIs - stress and depression
stress can lead to health issues
93
social factors that lead to ill health
the conditions which people live in lead to ill health
eg) foetal alcohol syndrome
asthma due to air pollution
94
religious factors that lead to ill health
- forbid condoms
- Jehovah's witnesses believe that only God can cure them so they refuse to seek help
- potions and ingredients are mixed in certain cultures and given to people to take
95
cultural practices that....
male son preferrence
circumcision
FGM
arranged marriage
96
factors which contribute to lifestyle disease
unsafe sexual behavior
poor eating habits
substance abuse
lack of exercise
97
preventing lifestyle disease
- get rid of ciggs
educating people
encouraging safe sex, exercise, testing
98
commitment in physical actiivites
stronger bones, reduced riskof lifestyle disease
clears mind, keeps it alert
make friends, improves teamwork
99
trade union
an organisation that represents the interests of their members in the workplace
100
Labour Relations Act
- makes rules for relationships betw employer and employee
- promotes employee rights
- expects e and e to resolve conflict and issues through negotiation instead of strikes and court
101
Employment equity act
promote equal opportunity in the workplace for employment
102
Basic Conditions of employment Act
- employers must give their employees details of their employment in writing
- prevents child labor
103
core elements of a job contract
```
job title
place of work
hours
overtime
payment
```
