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Question 1

What occurs in 3 major events during interphase?

Question 2

G1 (growth 1) organelles and cytoplasm are formed and cells do normal activities.

Question 3

S Phase (synthesis) all DNA is duplicated

Question 4

G2 (growth 2) enzymes are produced and control the cell division.

Question 6

DEFINITIONS AND TERMS

Question 8

Metaphase- phase of mitosis where all chromosomes are lined up in a cell.

Question 9

Telophase-where two nuclei begin to form.

Question 10

Anaphase- chromatids separate.

Question 11

Chromatin- uncoiled strands of DNA.

Question 12

Chromatosis- two identical chromosomes that appear during telophase.

Question 13

Centriole- organelles found in animal cells that produce spindle fibers.

Question 14

Plasmid- small

Answer 14

circular DNA found in prokaryotes.

Question 15

Prophase- stage of mitosis that takes up most of the time.

Question 16

Centromeres- Location where chromatids are bonded.

Question 17

Cytoskeleton Filaments- strands of protein that go from cell pole to cell pole.

Question 18

Interphase- Nucleus and Nucleolus can be easily seen

Answer 18

while chromosomes are not visible during this cell cycle.

Question 19

Cytokinesis- Cell division from the cytoplasm.

Question 20

Binary Fission- prokaryotes are divided from cells.

Question 22

Why is cytokinesis different in plant cells compared to animal cells?

Question 23

Animal cells form cleavage

Answer 23

while plant cells build a cell plate.

Question 25

Why can’t cells grow too large

Answer 25

and what happens if they do?

Question 26

Cells can’t grow too large because a lower-to-surface volume limits efficient nutrient uptake and removal.

Question 30

What’s the difference when prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells compose the same nucleotides?

Question 31

Prokaryotic cells form a circular chromosome

Answer 31

while eukaryotic cells form multiple origins on linear chromosomes with extra regulations.

Question 32

What are the main stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 32

Interphase and Mitotic phase.

Question 33

True or False: The cell cycle consists of only two phases.

Answer 33

False.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The three subphases of interphase are G1, S, and ____.

Answer 34

G2.

Question 35

What does the 'S' phase of interphase stand for?

Answer 35

Synthesis.

Question 36

What is the primary event that occurs during the G1 phase?

Answer 36

Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication.

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which phase follows the S phase?

Answer 37

G2 phase.

Question 38

What happens during the G2 phase?

Answer 38

Cell prepares for mitosis and checks for DNA damage.

Question 39

True or False: Mitosis is part of interphase.

Answer 39

False.

Question 40

What are the four stages of mitosis?

Answer 40

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: During prophase, the chromatin condenses into ____.

Answer 41

chromosomes.

Question 42

What occurs during metaphase?

Answer 42

Chromosomes align at the cell's equator.

Question 43

Multiple Choice: What is the main function of anaphase?

Answer 43

Separation of sister chromatids.

Question 44

What marks the end of mitosis?

Answer 44

Telophase.

Question 45

True or False: Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis.

Answer 45

True.

Question 46

Fill in the blank: Cytokinesis in animal cells involves the formation of a ____.

Answer 46

cleavage furrow.

Question 47

What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 47

To ensure proper progression and prevent errors.

Question 48

Multiple Choice: Which checkpoint assesses DNA damage before S phase?

Answer 48

G1 checkpoint.

Question 49

What happens if a cell does not pass the G1 checkpoint?

Answer 49

It may enter a resting state (G0) or undergo apoptosis.

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The phase that allows for DNA repair before mitosis is the ____ phase.

Answer 50

G2.

Question 51

What is the significance of the M checkpoint?

Answer 51

It ensures that all chromosomes are attached to the spindle before anaphase.

Question 52

True or False: The cell cycle is regulated only by internal factors.

Answer 52

False.

Question 53

What are cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)?

Answer 53

Proteins that regulate the cell cycle.

Question 54

Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by the highest rate of cell growth?

Answer 54

G1 phase.

Question 55

What is the outcome of the cell cycle?

Answer 55

Two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The phase where chromosomes are duplicated is known as the ____ phase.

Answer 56

S.

Question 57

True or False: Each cell cycle lasts the same amount of time for all cell types.

Answer 57

False.

Question 58

What happens during telophase?

Answer 58

Nuclear envelopes reform around each set of chromosomes.