Igneous Rocks Flashcards
a special map that
shows geologic
features
Geologic Map
a rock
that solidified from
molten or partly
molten material, that
is, from magma.
Igneous Rock
naturally
occurring molten rock
material, generated
within Earth, from
which igneous rocks
have been derived
through solidification
and related processes.
Magma
the processes of
weathering by which
rock is broken down
by physical forces or
processes, including
gravity, water, ice,
wind, or human
actions at or near
Earth’s surface.
Physical Weathering
the wearing
away of soil or rock
by weathering, mass
wasting (downhill
movement of material
under the influence
of gravity), and the
action of streams,
glaciers, waves, wind,
and underground
water.
Erosion
a compound
whose basic structure
consists of very
tightly bonded units
consisting of silicon
and oxygen (called
silica) that are bonded
less strongly to
various other atoms.
Silicate
an igneous
rock formed at
considerable depth by
the crystallization of
magma.
Intrusive Igneous Rock
magma that
reaches Earth’s
surface.
Lava
an igneous
rock formed by the
crystallization of lava
that has erupted onto
the surface of Earth.
Extrusive Igneous Rock
a rigid, thin segment of
the outermost layer
of Earth, consisting of
Earth’s crust and part
of the upper mantle.
It can be assumed
that the plate moves
horizontally and
adjoins other plates.
Lithospheric Plate
a body of
rock that consists
dominantly of a
certain rock type, or a
combination of types.
Rock Unit
large
masses of intrusive
igneous rock with
irregular shapes.
Batholiths
sheets of igneous
rock that intrude
along layers of
sedimentary rocks.
Sills
sheets of
igneous rock intruded
along fractures that
cut through any
existing rock.
Dikes
a remnant of
the vent of a volcano
or plutonic body with
an area less than
100 km2 (40 mi2).
Stock
