II

Question 1

aka brittle bone disease

Answer 1

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

Question 2

mutations in structural genes that encode alpha 1 and alpha 2 peptides of type 1 collagen

Answer 2

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

Question 3

• present at birth, may lead to
  deformity of bones and death

Answer 3

Ol congenita

Question 4

— starts at some years after birth, fx generally stop a adulthood

Answer 4

Ol tarda

Question 5

is an inherited (genetic) bone disorder that is present at birth.

Answer 5

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 6

A child born with this disease may have soft bones that break (fracture) easily, bones that are not formed normally, and other problems. What kind of disease is this?

Answer 6

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

Question 7

bone deformity and dwarfism

Answer 7

Achondroplasia

Question 8

most common inherited disorder

Answer 8

Achondroplasia

Question 9

autosomal dominant gene at 4p chromosome (FGFR3 gene)

Answer 9

Achondroplasia

Question 10

aka marble bone, stone bone

Answer 10

Osteopetrosis

Question 11

CLCN7 gene

Answer 11

Osteopetrosis

Question 12

• increase in bone density
  and defective bone contour, bones are heavy but brittle
• requires increased radiographic technique

Answer 12

Osteopetrosis

Question 13

failure of fingers and toes to separate

Answer 13

Syndactyly

Question 14

extra digits

Answer 14

Polydactyly

Question 15

also known as hyperdactyly, is the most common congenital anomaly of hand and foot.

Answer 15

Polydactyly

Question 16

It is characterized by an extra finger or toe that may results from defective development during anterior-posterior patterning of developing limb.

Answer 16

Polydactyly

Question 17

-aka talipes
- Incidence: more common in males than
females
- Treatment: corrected with casting and splinting

Answer 17

Club foot

Question 18

• abnormal lateral curvature of spine; generally not apparent until adolescence
• Importance of Radiography

Answer 18

Scoliosis

Question 19

usually LS junction or cervical ribs at C7

Answer 19

Transitional Vertebra

Question 20

• incomplete closure of vertebral canal
• common in LS area

Answer 20

Spina Bifida

Question 21

early closure of cranial sutures

Answer 21

Craniosynostosis

Question 22

• brain and cranial vault do not form
• incompatible with life

Answer 22

Anencephaly

Question 23

infection of bone or bone marrow

Answer 23

Osteomyelitis

Question 24

• ends of long bones

Answer 24

Hematogenesis

Question 25

- dead, devascularized bone

Answer 25

Sequestrum

Question 26

- shell of new, supporting bone

Answer 26

Involucrum

Question 27

- disorders of joints - Arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis

Answer 27

Arthropathies

Question 28

- joint inflammation

Answer 28

Arthritis

Question 29

- chronic autoimmune disease, triggered by exposure to arthrogenic antigen - presence of autoantibody, known as Serologic Rheumatoid Factor (RF) - surgical intervention - reduce life expectancy

Answer 29

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Question 30

- aka Still's disease

Answer 30

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

Question 31

: Younger than 16 at most; symptoms of arthritis in or more joints at least 6 weeks; onset assigned to one or three JRA onset types; pauciarticular, polyarticular, systemic

Answer 31

ACR Criterion for JRA

Question 32

aka "Bamboo spine" or Marie-Strumpell Disease

Answer 32

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Question 33

- Mainly involves vertebral - Bilateral fuzziness of SI joints - Ossification of spinal ligaments and bone fusion - Treated with NSAIDS and exercise

Answer 33

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Question 34

- aka degenerative joint disease (DJD)

Answer 34

Osteoarthritis

Question 35

- most common type of arthritis - deterioration of joint cartilage

Answer 35

Osteoarthritis

Question 36

— bone spurs

Answer 36

Osteophytes

Question 37

- inherited metabolic disorder, excess amounts of uric acid are deposited in joint space or bone

Answer 37

Gouty Arthritis

Question 38

— crystalline deposits

Answer 38

Tophi

Question 39

inflammation of a tendon

Answer 39

Tendinitis

Question 40

inflammation of tendon and sheath

Answer 40

Tenosynovitis

Question 41

inflammation of bursa or sacs around joints

Answer 41

Bursitis

Question 42

cystic swelling in tendon sheath

Answer 42

Ganglion

Question 43

soft tissue neck injuries

Answer 43

Whiplash

Question 44

- slipping of vertebrae - most common at L5 - S1

Answer 44

Spondylolisthesis

Question 45

- erosion of vertebral body - collar on the scotty dog

Answer 45

Spondylolysis

Question 46

dense bone in skull

Answer 46

Osteoma

Question 47

in the metaphysis of long bones

Answer 47

Osteochondroma

Question 48

numerous osteoclastic giant cells, some are malignant

Answer 48

Giant Cell Tumor

Question 49

arises from osteoblasts

Answer 49

Osteosarcoma

Question 50

- occurs between ages 5 and 15 years, arises from medullary canal, extensive lesions - Metastases from other sites - Metastatic disease from carcinomas most common malignant tumor of skeleton - Bones containing red marrow most often aected, with spine being most common

Answer 50

Ewing Tumor