IM 101 Flashcards
(51 cards)
evolved from computer file systems. Understanding file
system characteristics is important.
Databases
Used in almost all modern settings involving data management:
- Business
- Research
- Administration
The difference between data and information.
Data are raw facts. Information is processed data to reveal the meaning behind the facts.
a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval
of data.
Data Management
Data Hierarchy
Bit>Byte>Field>Record>File>Database
shared, integrated computer structure that stores a collection of end-user data and Metadata.
Database
raw facts of interest to end user
End-user data
data about data
* Provides description of data characteristics and relationships in data
* Complements and expands value of data
Metadata
Number of users
Single-user:
Desktop
Multi-user
Workgroup
Enterprise
Supports only one user at a time.
Single User
Single-user database running on a personal computer.
Desktop
Supports multiple users at the same time.
Multi-user
Multi-user database that supports a small group of users or a single
department.
Workgroup
Multi-user database that supports a large group of users or an entire
organization.
Enterprise
Database site location
Centralized
Distributed
Supports data located at a single site.
Centralized
Supports data distributed across several sites.
Distributed
Type of data
General Purpose
Discipline-Specific
Supports a company’s day-to-day
operations.
Transactional (production) database (OLTP)
Stores data used to generate information required
to make tactical or strategic decisions. Often used to store historical data structure is quite
different.
Data warehouse database (OLAP)
Each data item in a tree is called a node. Degree of a Node:
The degree of a node of a tree is the number of subtrees having this node as a root. In
other words, the degree is the number of descendants of a node. If the degree is zero, it
is called a terminal or leaf node of a tree.
Degree of data structure
Data whose elements are addressable for
effective analysis. It has been organized into a formatted repository that is typically a
database. It concerns all data which can be stored in database SQL in a table with rows
and columns.
Structured data
data is information that does not reside in a
relational database but that has some organizational properties that make it easier to
analyze.
Semi-structured data
data which is not organized in a
predefined manner or does not have a predefined data model, thus it is not a good fit
for a mainstream relational database.
Unstructured data
