IM-Surg Flashcards
(25 cards)
Initial investigation of choice for suspected spontaneous aortic dissection
Contrast enhanced spiral ct scan
Autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of TSH receptor antibodies
Graves disease
DOC: Long term prophylaxis for gouty attack
Allopurinol
Give several weeks after last attack
episodic LOC, esp in elderly, manifesting as falls, Cannon a waves in jvp
Complete heart block
Chest pain worsened by inspiration + pericardial friction rub +ecg changes (diffuse st elevation with no reciprocal depression)
Acute pericarditis
DOC acute pericarditis
NSAIDS
Inflammatory blockage of arterioles in distal extremities often seen in smokers less than 40yo
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease)
When to start preventive therapy for migraines? DOC?
More than 2-3 attacks per month
Amitryptyline
Pizotifen
Propranolol
Sodium valproate
Age of eligibility for absolute CVD risk assessment
> 45 yo for Australian
>35 for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
Considered as high risk for cardiovascular event (no need for cvd risk assessment; >15% chance for cva in the next 5 years)
DM and >60yo
DM with microalbuminuria
Mod or severe chronic kidney disease (macroalbuminuria or decreased gfr <45)
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Sbp > 180 or dbp >110
Serum total chol >7.5mmol/L
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander > 74yo
Drug class: antihypertensives preventing onset of nephropathy and reduces mortality in EARLY DM
ACEi
Drug class: antihypertensives that prevent coronary heart disease in patients with hypertension
ACEi
Drug class: antihypertensives that prevent kidney failure in patients with ADVANCED DM nephropathy
ARBs
Drug class: antihypertensives superior in preventing heart failure
Diuretics
Drug class: antihypertensives that are superior in preventing stroke and all causes of mortality
CCBs
Antihypertensives contraindicated in pregnancy, angioedema, hyperkalemia, bilateral renal artery stenosis
ACEi, ARBs
Antihypertensives contraindicated in Gout, AGE
Diuretics
Antihypertensives contraindicated in asthma, bradycardia, av block, uncontrolled HF
Beta blockers
Test used to reclassify intermediate risk hypertensive patients to low or high risk (to start medications or not)
High sensitivity CRP
Test for definitive diagnosis of CAD
Coronary angiogram
First line therapy in acute angina
Nitrates
Gold standard imaging for carotid arteries
Cerebral angiogram
Valvular diseases producing HOLOCYSTOLIC murmur
MR, TR, VSD
Heart disease associated w Eisenmenger syndrome
VSD
