Image List Descriptions Flashcards
(34 cards)
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Rome, Late Imperial Period, 359 AD
sarcophagus means: flesh eater
Christians kept dead body intact in box for resurrection
one frame: Adam and Eve covering selves, bad proportions, contrapposto
other frame: Jesus with Paul - gospels and Peter -keys to heaven, stepping on sky God, Christ is solution
Eutropios
Late Imperial Period, 400 AD
high standing member in Byzantine society
ugly because: elongated face, cartoon look, abstract w/sharp lines and bug eyes
more focused on afterlife than here and now
Basilica of Old St. Peter’s
Rome, Early Christian Art, 330 AD
initiated by Constantine
dedicated to St. Peter/over his tomb/martryium
structure borrowed from basilica used for marketplaces and court
church for big gathering, no statues, space detached from world
mass, sermon, martyrium
Hagia Sophia
Constantinople, Byzantine Art, completed 537 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
built under Justinian
first work to rival pagan architecture
Hagia Sophia is Greek for holy wisdom
gold interior, mosaic, lots of windows bc use pendentive to support
The Crucifixion
Daphni Monastery, Greece, Byzantine Art, 1050 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
Jesus on cross w/Mary and John the Evangelist on sides
Romans, Jews crucified him - common
two angels at top
skull w/blood represents blood of Jesus washing away human sin/death
Christ the Pantocrator
Daphni Monastery, Greece, Byzantine Art, 1050 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
Pantocrator: all powerful
Jesus ascended into heaven after crucified and became all powerful ruler
cross, halo, beard, holding bible
instill fear of being judged
Animal Head
from Oseberg ship burial, Norway, 800 AD Early Medieval Western European Art animal heads placed on boat when went out to attack, when came back took it off unpleasant animal symbol of Viking warlike method instill fear of behavior/law/order Nordic knot ornamentation
Stave Church (detail of wooden door)
Urnes, Norway, 1050 AD
Early Medieval Western European Art
built out of wood, highly ephemeral
some Vikings had converted to Christianity after Viking Chief Rolf converted
stave: wooden board
architectural style is independent, upward
side door is decorative with Nordic knot design
snake and lion symbolizing Satan vs Christ
Christ Enthroned and The Virgin and Child
two pages in Book of Kells, Ireland, 800 AD Early Medieval Western European Art national treasure of Ireland at a monastery illuminated book of gospels on vellum - thin but strong Mary considered intercessor insular style bc abstract, division of painted space into geometrical compartments, Nordic style, visually engaging but separate from pleasures of world
Doors of Bishop Bernward
bronze, Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany, 1015 AD
Early Medieval Western European art
16 ft tall
complex bc bronze
narrative scenes
animal head has Nordic style hair, familiar
Adam and Eve eat apple, cover up, pointing at Eve who points at devil
wimpy tree and no idea how to make figures
pathos - makes you feel bad
scene from before fall: presenting Eve to Adam
expresses frailty and vulnerability
Facade of St. Pantaleon
Cologne, Germany, Romanesque, 980 AD
Early Medieval Western Art
dedicated to St. Pantaleon who had hands nailed to head
Romanesque: Roman like, arches, kind of columns between windows, Greek temple like
lombard bands: fake arcade
small windows
San Miniato al Monte
Florence, Romanesque, begun 1013 AD Early Medieval Western European Art means San Mineus on the Mountain dedicated to the martyr Roman like: arches columns - Corinthian top part is strange take on Classical Greek temple front spoglia and basilica style inside altar upstairs and downstairs, graves 3 inches of white marble stuck on building, like a page of manuscript architrave bends into capital fill in space with ornamentation
Cathedral of Notre Dame
Reims, France, Gothic, begun 1211 AD
High Medieval Western Europe
cathedral is seat of bishop
dedicated to Virgin Mary
wedding cake, flamboyant style, flame-like/fizzy style
pointed arches, tracery - like lace
spire - triangular upside down cone at top, decorated with finials and crockets
Cathedral of Notre Dame (2)
Chartres, France, Gothic, 1145 - 1220 AD High Medieval Western Europe has relic with piece of Mary's clothing taxed people for church flying buttresses to have so many windows like skeleton made of stone filled with stained glass
Virgin and Child
France, Gothic, 1340 AD
High Medieval Western European
gift to Abbey Church of Saint-Denis from queen
couple feet tall, made of solid gold
free standing
statue because not fear of paganism and wanted beautiful things
reliquary with hair of Virgin Mary
at bottom is single register of narrative scenes of Passion of Christ
Gothic sway: lean to side, rubber like
Abraham, Sarah, and the Three Strangers
Psalter of Saint Louis, Paris, Gothic, 1260 AD
High Medieval Western Europe
work for private devotion
Old Testament 3 strangers/heavenly beings ask for meal and tell that Sarah will have child when old
more naturalistic, gothic sway
still gripping beasts background
Madonna Enthroned
Cimabue, Florence, Italy, 1290 AD altar piece for during eucharist iconography same as Giotto's Giotto was his student halo is abstract
Madonna Enthroned (2)
Giotto, Florence, Italy, 1310 AD Giotto wiped away Byzantine style became Giotto style until Masaccio more naturalistic, depth, overlap throne is Gothic shows off figure of body more
Scenes from the Lives of Mary and Jesus; Last Judgement
Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305 AD
Fresco is Italian for fresh
Life of Jesus and Virgin Mary on the side - Giotto w/emotional figures, naturalistic
Entrance wall is the last judgment - end of world, Jesus judge, saved up to heaven R with poor last, damned to hell L, rolling up the sky, shows torment for people punished, Scrovegni giving church to saints bc banker
Cathedral of Florence (Duomo)
Florence, Italy, Early Renaissance, completed 1436 AD Brunelleschi's dome won contest seat of bishop took 125 years to finish dedicated to Virgin Mary larger dome than Pantheon new method - not centering
Church of Sant’Andrea
Leon Battista Alberti, Mantua, Italy, Early Renaissance, begun 1470 AD
fusion between Greek temple and Roman triumphal arch
no Byzantine or Romanesque
interior has coffering, barrel vaults
side chapels along the nave, wealthy families own
The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and two donors
Masaccio, Mantua, Italy, Early Renaissance, 1425 AD
illusionistic side chapel and an altarpiece
fresco painting
columns, triumphal arch, coffering, entablature in painting
skeleton under is problem of sin and death
God, dove, and Jesus trinity solution
John shows mode to reflect and Mary shoes solution
sponsors on bottom
uses linear perspective - first
Christ’s head at center, anatomy ideal and natural
David (marble and bronze)
Donatello, Early Renaissance, 1409 and 1440 AD
David and Goliath - like statue of liberty for Florence, after he had defeated Goliath
early marble is Gothic, for outside gov building
later bronze is Greco Roman style - contrapposto, nude, Medici family
The Birth of Venus
Sandro Botticelli, Early Renaissance, 1480 AD tempera on canvas Ficino said reflect on Venus's beauty pose is classical criticized by Savonarola Medici family
