IMCA Flashcards
1
Q
Normal work rate metric
A
35 LPM
2
Q
Normal work rate imperial
A
1.25 ft3
3
Q
Emergency breathing rate metric
A
40 LPM
4
Q
Emergency breathing rate imperial
A
1.5 Ft3
5
Q
How many long will 1 Kg of sodasorb last a diver
A
1 kg will last 4 hours 6 kg per day
6
Q
How much better does water conduct temperature
A
24 times better than air
7
Q
How many bones in human body
A
206
8
Q
How many bones in the skull
A
28
9
Q
How many bones in the vertebrae
A
26
10
Q
How many times a minute does an average adult breathe
A
12
11
Q
How many liters will 1 kg sodasorb absorb
A
120 liters of Co2
12
Q
Average tidal volume
A
500ml
13
Q
O2 consumption regardless of depth
A
500ml
14
Q
How much dead space in respiratory system
A
150ml
15
Q
At what depth can HPNS occur
A
Deeper than 100msw / 330fsw
16
Q
What ppO2 causes respiratory O2 toxicity
A
Long term over 0.6 bar
17
Q
What ppO2 can acute O2 toxicity occur
A
1.6 bar
18
Q
What ppO2 is used to treat DCI
A
Over 2.8 bar
19
Q
What ppO2 can hypoxia occur
A
Under 160 mb
20
Q
What ppNO2 does nitrogen narcosis occur
A
3.2 bar
21
Q
What is the maximum ppCO2 in chamber
A
5mb .05%
22
Q
Normal body temperature
A
37C
23
Q
Mild hypothermia body temperature
A
35-34C
24
Q
Moderate hypothermia body temperature
A
33-30C
25
Severe hypothermia body temperature
Less than 30C
26
What temperature does hyperthermia begin
Greater than 39C
27
What is significant wave height
Average of 1/3 of all waves over a ten-minute period
28
What is maximum wave height
The greatest wave observed in a ten-minute period
29
When sun and moon are aligned at full and the effect is the greatest it's called
Spring tide
30
When the sun and moon are 90 degrees to each other at the first quarter and the effect is the lowest it's called
Neap tide
31
Average period of tide rising and lowering is called and lasts how long
Tidal range 6 hours 12 minutes
32
Low water temperature stabilization (occurs at different depths around the world)
4 C or 39 F
33
What is the velocity of sound in air
330 meters per second or 742 mph
34
What is the velocity of sound in water
1,440 meters per second or 3,240 mph
35
Minimum personnel for Air/Nitrox diving
5
36
Minimum personnel for mixed gas diving
6 (non-diving supervisor)
37
Minimum personnel for Saturation diving
9
38
Normal work periods
12 hours on 12 hours off
39
Maximum work period
16 hours then must have 8 hours off
40
Maximum saturation bell run
8 hours then 12 hours off
41
HE color code
Brown/Brown shoulder
42
Diving O2 color code
Black/White shoulder
43
HeO2 color code
Brown/White quarters
44
Nitrogen color code
Grey/Black shoulder
45
HE/O2/N2 color code
Brown with Black/White/Brown 1/3 shoulders
46
Argon color code
Dark blue
47
Air/Nitrox color code
Grey/ Black and white quarters
48
CO2 color code
Black/ grey shoulders
49
Cal gas color code
Pink
50
Maximum Nitrox pressure
Up to 20 bar needs to be risk assessed
51
Maximum O2 pressure
40 bar
52
Over what % O2 is a mixture treated as pure O2
25%
53
O2 rules for quarter turn valves
No quarter turn valves unless emergency shut off (should be labeled or taped) or if less than 15 bar
54
Nitrox and O2 fill rates
5-7 bar per minute
55
Helium must contain what % of O2
2%
56
What do you need for pure HE or Nitrogen
Job specific MOC
57
What is air calibration point
20.9%
58
BS EN 12021 purity for CO
5 ppm
59
BS EN 12021 purity for CO2
500 ppm
60
BS EN 12021 purity for oil
0.5 mg/m3
61
BS EN 12021 purity for water
Compressor outlet 25 mg/m3
40-200 bar 50 mg/m3
Over 200 bar 30 mg/m3
62
BS EN 12021 breathing air limits for exposure
1/6th of national 8-hour exposure limits
63
Dew point limits
5C below if unknown assume -11C
64
Drysuit inflation whip
Must be from main source or separate bottle never from EGS
65
At what temperature can scalding occur
Over 45C or 113F
66
Mobile portable requirements
Two horizontally mounted with 46L floodable volume minimum pressure of 150 bar must be manifolded for main and standby are separate sources
67
Imminent gale warning
Less than 6 hours
68
Beaufort scale gale
8 = 34-40 kts gale-force
69
Soon gale warning
6-12 hours
70
Later gale warning
More than 12 hours
71
Weight of a gallon of SW
10.3 lb
72
Weight 1ft3 SW
64.38
73
Weight 1ft3 FW
62.5
74
1 m3 SW weight
1.03t
75
One tonne
1000kg
76
One US ton (short)
2000 lbs
77
One Imperial ton (long)
2240 lbs
78
Radiation source
IRADIUM (Ir) 192
Measured in Curies or sieverts
79
Radiography divers
8m minimum distance
Divers wear badges (light to 25 spheres)
80
DMAC 12 recommends diving not be carried out within what distance from seismic surveying
1500m
81
Crane block going into water must have
Secured locking latches
82
Wet bell gas requirements
3x46L bottles at 150 bar minimum
83
What is a veering wind
Wind moving in a clockwise direction
84
What is a backing wind
Wind moving in a counterclockwise direction
85
Minimum length of LSP power cable
20m long
86
How long should HRU umbilical be
50m long
87
Minimum regulators, hoses and hose lengths for LSP
5 regulators 5 x15m hoses
88
Sat temperature ranges
24-32C
89
You should not smoke or use open flames for how long after O2 transfer
15 minutes
90
Activated Aluma absorbs
CO
91
What size flags for gas cylinders
8"
92
How many connections to HRU
12
93
At what depth must divers gas be heated?
150m / 495ft
94
What is the safety factor for man riding winch?
8:1 (Non rotating)
95
What is the safety factor for straps on lift bags?
7:1
96
What is the safety factor for lift bags?
5:1
97
How often must lift bags be visually inspected?
Every 6 months
98
How often must lift bags be load tested?
Every 12 months
99
How long must voice recordings be kept for?
Min 24 hours & can be used for accident/incident investigations
100
What is the maximum air diving depth?
50m / 165ft
101
What is the speed of sound in air?
330m/sec
102
What is the speed of sound in water?
1440m/sec
103
In weather systems, air travels from?
High pressure to low pressure
104
Bad weather / low pressure is known as?
A depression (cold/warm front)
105
Who is the company in charge of operation & hiring divers?
Diving contractor
106
Who can act as supervisor?
Diving superintendent
107
How many hours does an ALST need for LST exams?
2400 hrs
108
How many hours does a Bell Diver need for LST exams?
360 hrs
109
What is active tending?
Manned
110
What is passive tending?
Unmanned
111
How many meters should a diver's umbilical be from a hazard?
5m
112
How many meters should a standby umbilical be from a hazard?
3m
113
What must a standby umbilical be longer than?
Diver's umbilical by 2m
114
What is an excursion?
Change in heading & or position
115
How long is the DP stabilization period?
30 min
116
How many references online for diving are required?
3 references online & 2 must be of different types
117
When must all plant & equipment be checked?
Before use & Annually
118
Who has control of blowdown / exhaust?
The supervisor
119
At what depth must hot water suits be used?
Over 50 msw
120
At 200m, divers' gas should be at what temperature?
24 degrees centigrade
121
What must dive control have for hot water?
A temp gauge with audio & visual alarms
122
What is the bailout gas requirement?
1 min of gas for every 10m of umbilical
123
How much onboard emergency gas is required in the Bell?
Enough to supply each diver & bellman with 30 min breathable gas outside the bell (max depth) at 40 L/min
124
What is the maximum PPO2 for air / Nitrox diving?
1.4 bar
125
What is the maximum depth for scuba replacement without deco?
30m
126
What is the maximum depth for mix gas diving (heliox)?
75m with a wet bell
127
What is the maximum bottom time at 50 - 75m?
30min
128
What is the minimum gas requirement per diver?
7m3 of bottom mix & compressed air per diver
129
What are the minimum internal diameters for saturation chambers built after 1 Jan 2015?
1.5m for regular chambers, 1.8m for Sat chambers
130
What is the minimum amount of gas required for bibs saturation diving?
Enough gas for everyone in Sat to be on bibs for 4hrs
131
What is the maximum time in water for saturation divers?
6hrs & ask for water break after 2hrs
132
What is the bell transponder frequency?
37.5 kHz
133
How long can a diver survive in the bell?
24 hours
134
How much Sodalime is required for saturation?
2 weeks supply, 6kg per diver per day
135
What is the maximum allowable O2 percentage in a chamber?
23%
136
What is the safe working life of a chamber view port?
10 years
137
When are analyzers calibrated?
Before every Sat & at shift change
138
What happens during rapid loss of pressure in a chamber?
Suffer from deco sickness, barotrauma, hypoxia (low O2)
139
What does DMAC 028 state?
Every Sat system should have a facility where an injured diver can be treated under pressure
140
What are the phases of hyperbaric rescue?
Phase A - Divers into HRU, Phase B - Launch HRU, Phase C - Transit to rescue site, Phase D - Safe decompression of divers
141
How long must a Hyperbaric Rescue Unit (HRU) sustain life?
72 hours
142
What is Hypercapnia?
CO2 poisoning - sweating, nausea, headache, rapid breathing
143
What is Hypoxia?
Lack of oxygen
144
What is Anoxia?
No oxygen
145
What is Henry’s law?
Solubility of gases in a liquid
146
Who has control when ROV is in water whilst diving?
Dive supervisor
147
What are the DP Systems?
* Power
* Propulsion
* Control
* Reference
* Sensors
148
What are the DP Position Sensors?
* Taut Wire
* Hydroacoustic
* Differential GPS
* Laser Radar
* FM Radar
149
What is the ascent rate in air diving?
9 m/min or 30 fsw/min
150
What is Arterial Gas Embolism?
Bubbles entering blood stream from lungs
151
What is Decompression Sickness?
Micro bubble formation on ascent
152
What is the maximum O2 allowed in chambers?
23%
153
What is the maximum pressure for a 1/4 turn valve used for Oxygen?
15 Bar
154
What is the maximum allowable CO2 in a chamber or bell?
5mb
155
What is the maximum angle of wire rope to sheave?
1.5 degrees
156
What is the maximum depth for pure O2 treatment?
18m
157
What is the color code for CO2 gas cylinders?
Black with grey top
158
What do O2 analyzers give their reading in?
Millibar or Percentage
159
How do CO2 analyzers work?
Using Infrared absorption
160
What is the CO2 present in normal air?
400ppm 0.04% 400ml/m3
161
What is the general working safety factor for wire rope?
5:1
162
What is the maximum allowable O2 percentage in a saturation chamber?
23%
163
What is the maximum temperature at which hyperthermia starts?
39 degrees
164
What are the types of Decompression Sickness?
* Neurological
* Cardiorespiratory
* Musculoskeletal
* Cutaneous
* Lymphatic
165
What must O2 be reduced to at source?
40 Bar (Anything over 25%)
166
What is the ratio for O2 consumption to CO2 production?
1 - 1
167
How often must depth gauges be re certified?
Every 6 months
168
What is the maximum level of contaminants allowed in storage bank?
* CO 5 ppm (0.05%)
* CO2 500 ppm (0.5%)
* Oil 0.5mg/m3
* Water 35mg/m3 (over 200 bar)
169
What is SI 2776?
Diving At Work Regulations 1997
170
What is IMCA D018?
Guidance On Inspection & Testing
171
What is osmosis?
Dissolved gas moves from high PP to low PP
172
What is the upper limit of UPTD (Unit Pulmonary Toxicity Dose)?
1425 units
173
How often should visual examination be conducted?
Every 6 months
174
How frequently should leak tests be conducted to max WP?
Every 2.5 years
175
After pulmonary barotrauma, a diver cannot dive for how long?
3 months after full recovery
176
How long must the bell onboard gas last?
30 min at 40 l/min for deepest depth
177
What is the color of CO2 gas cylinder?
Black with grey top
178
In the case of a smoldering fire in DDC, what should divers do?
Go on bibs & try to extinguish fire
179
Following successful therapeutic treatment, a diver cannot fly for how long?
72 hours
180
Who has legal responsibility for TUP while divers are climbing into the bell?
The LSS
181
If a diver complains of sweating, nausea, headache, and rapid breathing, what are they suffering from?
CO2 poisoning (Hypercapnia)
182
What does a blocked eustachian tube cause?
Aural barotrauma
183
A supervisor needs to be a qualified diver unless?
He has been supervising for 2 years prior to 1981
184
What is the upper limit for currents for diving?
1.5 knots
185
Bell handling systems should provide?
Easy & firm mating to & from the chamber
186
During Sat deco, flammable materials should be removed when O2 reaches?
6%
187
What is the purpose of recompression therapy in the treatment of Arterial Gas Embolism?
Reduce size of bubble causing embolism
188
If a bell diver is suffering from Hypercapnia, what should you instruct the bellman to do?
Put diver on BIBS
189
What is the center of regulation for body heat called?
Hypothalamus
190
What is the maximum depth for pure O2 in therapeutic treatment?
18 meters
191
CO2 is present in normal air at?
400 ppm (0.04%)
192
What is the maximum exposure for single Sat exposure?
28 days
193
What is DMAC recommended PPO2 in bailouts?
1.4 bar
194
If gas supply to the bell fails, what should you do?
Switch to onboard gas & recover the bell
195
Umbilicals must be tested to max WP every?
2 years
196
How long should offshore diving communications be recorded?
Until diver returns to the place he started diving operations
197
How often should dive project risk assessments be reviewed?
At regular intervals
198
What information should be supplied with lever hoists?
Statement regarding potential for light load failure
199
What is the minimum surface visibility for safe DP diving operations?
Decided by master & dive supervisor
200
What is the treatment for severe hypothermia?
Rewarm gradually by immersion of trunk in warm bath
201
How does a diver lose body heat to surrounding water?
Conduction (convection losing heat through respiratory)
202
What should normal CO2 levels in DDC be below?
0.005 ATA (5000 ppm)
203
How many times is AC more dangerous than DC?
5 times more dangerous
204
When reverse squeeze happens, the eardrum moves?
Inwards
205
Where is body core temperature measured?
By rectum
206
What is SI 2776 1997?
UK diving regulations 1997
207
What is the blood vessel carrying blood from the right ventricle to the lungs called?
Pulmonary artery
208
What is considered poor visibility?
Less than 1000 meters
209
Gas in tissues around the neck is called?
Subcutaneous emphysema
210
Vestibular bend will occur in which gas exchange?
Gas to air
211
What can a hyperbaric doctor only do?
Advise the diving supervisor
212
How long should recording of diving operations be kept?
48 hours
213
What is the maximum noise level for hooded divers near sonar?
185 db
214
How long are test certificates for lifting plants in force?
2 years
215
How long are diving plant & equipment test certificates in force?
2 years
216
What is the minimum pressure a diver is subject to when entering a chamber?
100 mb
217
What is BS 12021's minimum water vapor in breathing gas?
1 mg/m3
218
What is the minimum distance diving can be carried out from seismic surveys?
1500 meters
219
After saturation, how many days before going back in?
Time off = length of time in saturation
220
How often should HRC internal gas cylinders be tested?
Every 5 years
221
What does BS 12021 deal with?
Air purity
222
Decompression illness must be reported to?
The OIM & vessel Master
223
What is the minimum distance a diving bell should be above subsea structure?
5 meters
224
What is the limiting vertical angle of taut wire?
20 degrees
225
In addition to the dive supervisor, who should the DPO inform of an ALERT STATUS?
The master & diving superintendent
226
How would you confirm the NRV of a hat is working?
Open bailout & hat valve before connecting umbilical
227
Compressors & gas transfer pumps must have a visual examination & function test every?
6 months
228
Soda lime works best when?
Warm & moist
229
What is the maximum level of CO in a chamber?
20 ppm
230
A hyperbaric fire extinguisher should be filled with?
Heliox 2/98
231
A diver who surfaces uncontrollably from 36 msw should be recompressed to?
18 msw (60 fsw) on oxygen
232
No smoking or naked flames after transferring pure O2 for how long?
15 minutes
233
What should you do if pressurizing from surface to 200 msw and don't have much 20%?
Use 20% on BIBS & check for leaks
234
Activated Alumina absorbs?
Carbon monoxide
235
How is a sudden loss of gas prevented in a chamber system?
By the use of non-return valves
236
How is a sudden loss of gas in a chamber prevented in the circuit from chamber to life support?
By using a flow fuse
237
Gas suppliers usually blend mixed gases to what tolerance of the minor component?
2.5%
238
Which is the heaviest gas?
CO2
239
What is the lowest O2 % in a DDC that supports combustion?
8%
240
How long are diving plant & equipment test certificates normally in force?
2 years
241
Hypoxia occurs when O2 falls below?
160 mb / 16%
242
Unconsciousness occurs when PPO2 reaches?
150 mb / 15%
243
How does a paramagnetic O2 analyser work?
Using a reflective light beam
244
What is the first filter inline in DDC regeneration system?
Soda lime
245
What is the maximum permitted CO in a DDC?
20 ppm
246
What is the most important precaution when connecting a new gas supply to the chamber control panel?
Analyse the gas before use
247
Any flexible hose connection to O2 quad should be?
Oxygen approved & O2 cleaned (orange synflex)
248
With DDC in use, the med lock should be?
Kept at atmospheric pressure with both doors closed
249
How many qualified persons should be in Sat control at all times?
2
250
How are depth gauges tested?
In accordance to IMCA D018 (BS1750)
251
After mixing gas, how long should you wait before analysing?
6 hours
252
What voltage should be used for underwater electrical equipment?
24 volts
253
If a panel gauge has an accuracy of 0.25%, what should its error be when reading 400m?
1 msw (400 x 0.25 / 100)
254
How should bell winches be tested?
Primary brake dynamically & secondary brake statically
255
If a diver is unconscious outside the bell, what should you do first?
Tell bellman to switch onto onboard gas
256
How many DP reference systems should be online?
3 online & 2 of different types
257
What is the first action the bellman does when locking out?
Switch to onboard gas
258
Who is responsible for operating DDC panel valves?
LST on shift
259
What must gas cylinders or quads have marked on them?
Colour & chemical formula & content
260
Chambers should be fitted with PRV’s which?
Vent at 2 psi over ambient
261
DMAC 07 recommends not flying after an air dive requiring stops for?
12 hours
262
If there is a delay in getting a diver into DDC for deco, what action should be taken?
Treat as omitted deco & give therapeutic Table 5
263
After a fast ascent, if a diver suffers from visual distortion & loss of coordination, what is wrong?
Acute neurological DCS
264
When using oxy arc, what should be installed?
A twin pole knife switch
265
How long should a chamber be available after diving or therapeutic use?
24 hours
266
DMAC recommends max PPO2 in bailout is?
2.8 bar
267
How often does gas pipework on diving systems need testing?
Every 6 months
268
How often must electrical installations be retested?
Every 6 months
269
Breathing O2 should have a purity of?
99.9%
270
Fatal accidents, near misses & serious incidents must be reported to?
Health & Safety Executive
271
How many ways can heat be transferred?
3 ways - Conduction, Convection & Radiation
272
Body heating is supplied to divers deeper than?
50m
273
Which gas diffuses fastest in & out of body tissues?
Helium
274
Which tissue absorbs more gas in a given time?
The brain (& carries the greatest blood supply)
275
Air or gas liberated around the heart is called?
Mediastinal emphysema
276
Air or gas embolism causes a blockage of?
Arterial circulation
277
What is the treatment for a pneumothorax under pressure?
Immediately stop any decompression
278
What is the treatment for AGE?
Immediate compression & follow company procedures
279
What is the first sign seen underwater with CNS Toxicity?
Convulsions
280
What is a common sign of pulmonary O2 Toxicity?
Dry cough
281
How much more does hemoglobin prefer CO over O2?
200 times (Cherry red lips)
282
If a diver has 1 liter of gas in solution at 1 bar, how much gas would be in solution at 165 fsw?
6 liters
283
What is the maximum allowable ppm CO2 at 40 msw?
5000 ppm (for any depth)
284
In an O2 analyser, how does the micro fuel cell work?
Polarography
285
Which is the most dangerous gas if breathed?
CO - Carbon monoxide
286
What voltage should electrical tools use?
110v
287
The Cochlear is an organ in?
The inner ear
288
Should a lifting hook be used to lower & lift a wet bell?
No, use a load tested 3 part shackle or approved swivel
289
What is the minimum number of wraps of wire left on the winch drum?
At least 5 turns
290
How to check the NRV on a hat with hoses connected?
Open emergency valve & blow into connection
291
How far would a platform protrude if it had a leg batter of 1 in 25 at the minus 50m level?
2m (50 divided by 25)
292
To whom must serious offshore incidents be reported?
OIM
293
On the Beaufort wind scale, what force number is a gale?
Force 8 (34 - 40 knots)
294
When fog or mist occurs, who should be consulted regarding safety?
The master of the vessel
295
A DP alert will be given when thruster output exceeds?
80%
296
If a diver is on a wet stop prior to surfacing O2 and a red DP alarm occurs, what action do you take?
Recover diver & treat on Table 6 (RN 62)
297
What is the minimum safe distance of taut wire from underwater structure?
10m
298
Can taut wire be repositioned during diving mode?
Get permission from supervisor & must be 2 other references online
299
What is the maximum DP vessel movement when a diver is in the water?
10m in steps of 5m
300
What is the maximum heading change with a diver in the water?
5 degrees
301
When a vessel moves about its center vertical axis to compensate for wind or sea, it is called?
Yaw
302
What is the maximum taut wire angle?
15 degrees
303
What is the minimum height a diving stage or wet bell should be above a wellhead?
5 meters
304
When diving off a DP vessel alongside a fixed platform, what must the supervisor ensure?
Intakes are closed
305
What is competency based on?
Qualifications, Technical skills, Experience, Ongoing development
306
What are the 4 divisions of IMCA?
Diving, Marine, ROV, Survey
307
How many panel hours are required for an air supervisor?
200 hours & 100 dives
308
How many hours are required for a Sat diver?
360 hours
309
What is the difference between Pneumothorax and tension Pneumothorax?
Collapsed lung / Collapsed lung with organ shift
310
What is the vital capacity of lungs?
5 liters
311
What is internal respiration?
Exchange of gases at cellular level
312
What is the maximum current for an air diver working mid-water?
0.8 knots
313
DMAC 07 recommends no flying over 8000ft after an air dive requiring deco for?
24 hours
314
During spring tide, where are the sun & moon?
In line with each other
315
During neap tides, where are the sun & moon?
At 90 degrees to each other
316
When reciting the air lars, who has ultimate responsibility for its compliance before use?
Diving supervisor
317
For surface supplied mixed gas diving, what mix do you use for Bailout?
Normally bottom mix
318
What is the safe voltage for diving near impressed current anodes?
30 Volts (nominal is 24 volts)
319
Where gas cylinder markings are difficult to paint, what size round FLAG should be painted on each face?
8 inches
320
There must be enough room for 2 adults to lie down in a 2 compartment DDC that is used for continuous occupancy under pressure of how many hours?
12 hours or more
321
A pressure vessel for human occupancy should have internal & external visual examination & gas leak check to max working pressure every?
2.5 years (IMCA D 018)
322
If you are the bellman and the diver is suffering from O2 toxicity and about to go into convulsions, what do you do?
Remove hat & protect diver from injury
323
If you have a diver at 140 fsw and your company deco tables have a max of 140/20, and the diver is held up for 5 min exceeding max bottom time allowed, what action would you take?
Deco the diver on 140/20 table & treat for omitted deco. Give him a therapeutic table e.g. Table 6
324
If a DSV has a draught of 5m and its thrusters are 20m from the dive station, and the diver is at 40 msw, what is the maximum length of umbilical?
40.3m
325
If diving from a DP vessel within an FPSO anchor pattern, what would you do?
If vessel closer than 250m to nearest wire, a secondary means of verification is required (usually ROV survey)
326
When diving within an anchor pattern such as Barge or SPM, what is the minimum distance the dive basket or bell can be from the wire?
50m
327
When scaffolding work is being carried out and a diver is at 30m, how far horizontally must scaffolding be from the diver?
39m (1.3 x 30m)
328
Pulmonary O2 Toxicity occurs at PPO2 above?
0.5 bar for long periods
329
What is the minimum distance the dive basket or bell can be from the wire when diving within an anchor pattern such as Barge or SPM?
50m
330
What is the PPO2 threshold for pulmonary O2 toxicity when exposed for long periods?
Above 0.5 bar
331
What are the symptoms of pulmonary O2 toxicity?
* Tickling cough
* Burning chest
* Uncontrollable cough
* Acute respiratory distress syndrome
332
What is the formula for UTPD?
UTPD = KP x Time
333
What causes CNS O2 toxicity?
High PPO2
334
What is the recommended action to take in case of CNS O2 toxicity?
Remove O2
335
What are the symptoms of HPNS (High-Pressure Neurological Syndrome)?
* Tremor
* Incoordination
* Jerky movements
* Disorientation
* Convulsions (in animals)
336
What can be done to mitigate symptoms of HPNS during blow down?
* Slower blow down
* Add rest stops while blowing down
337
What is hypercapnia?
High CO2 in blood
338
What causes hypercapnia?
* Increased work load
* Failure of Soda Lime
* Large dead space
* CO2 in mix
339
What is the acceptable level of CO2 in the blood?
Less than 5000 ppm
340
What is the level of CO2 that can lead to death?
100,000 ppm
341
What are the characteristics of Carbon Monoxide (CO)?
* Colorless
* Tasteless
* Odorless
* Bonds to hemoglobin 200 times more than O2
342
What are the symptoms of Carbon Monoxide poisoning?
* Headache
* Dizziness
* Weakness
* Vomiting
* Confusion
343
What is the safe level of Carbon Monoxide exposure?
50 ppm
344
What are the characteristics of Hydrogen Sulphide?
* Colourless
* Flammable
* Rotten egg smell
345
What is the mild level of Hydrogen Sulphide exposure?
10 ppm
346
At what level of Hydrogen Sulphide exposure can death occur?
Over 200 ppm
347
What is barotrauma of descent?
* Sinus
* Ears
* Teeth
* Lungs
* Squeeze
348
What causes middle ear squeeze?
Blocked Eustachian tube or wax, tight clothing, etc.
349
What causes pneumothorax?
* Over expansion of lungs
* Breath held on ascent
* Uncontrolled ascent
350
What are the symptoms of pneumothorax?
* Pain in chest
* Difficulty breathing
* Possible tension pneumothorax
351
What is subcutaneous emphysema?
Air trapped under skin and gathered around the neck
352
What is DCI made up of?
DCS and AGE
353
What are the types of DCS?
* Neurological
* Cardiopulmonary
* Musculoskeletal
* Lymphatic
* Cutaneous
354
What are the symptoms of PAGE?
* Rapid onset - 10 min of surfacing
* Coughing blood
* Convulsions
* Cardiac arrest
355
What is the treatment for PAGE?
* Resuscitation
* Treat with O2
* Urgent recompression
356
What is CAGE?
Gas bubbles enter brain, blocking arteries
357
What are the neurological effects of CAGE?
* Neurological changes
* Blindness
* Seizures
* Unconsciousness
* Death (FAST)
358
What is the treatment for CAGE?
* Resuscitation
* O2
* Urgent recompression
359
What are the USN tables mentioned?
* USN 5 / RN 61
* USN 6 / RN 62
* USN 6A / RN 63
* USN 9 / RN 66
360
What is the short table for 18m O2?
18m O2 50m Repeat therapy
361
Nirtox bottle color code
Yellow with green shoulder
362
Hydrogen bottle color code
Red
363
Chambers must be insulated, max sound is?
65 decibels (insulated with Armaflex)
364
Which preventative ear drops used in Sat?
Silver , aluminum acetate & salicylic acid
365
What are ACOP,s
Approved codes of practice which are approved by the HSC ( health and safety commission) and gives advice on how to comply with the law.
366
Where does this code apply
On offshore installations and pipelines wells and mines which are in uk waters outside the 12 mile limit.
On offshore installations and pipelines within the 12 mile limit.
Where closed bell and saturation diving is done.
When on DP
All dives below 50m,s unless
A. Media diving projects
B. Recreational diving projects
C. Scientific and archeological diving projects
367
Is scuba covered by this code
No
368
List some of the problems with SCUBA
Limited gas supply, no comms, you have to monitor your own depth and time , you could get snagged and not have enough gas to get free
369
What other document states that you must not use SCUBA In offshore diving in support of oil/gas projects
Diving information sheet 3
370
What is the max time allowed on air at 100ft
50 mins
371
What is the maximum time allowed on air at 15 m,s
180 mins
372
What is the max bottom time at 12 m,s
240 mins
373
When breathing a nitrox mix with a higher O2 content what must you use
Use an EAD table
374
When are mech isolations not required when diving near intakes and discharges
When protected by a suitable physical guard
375
What is the maximum water current allowed at the immediate vicinity of the water intake point
1 knot
376
If a grill is fitted where should this 1 knot apply
To the surface of the grill
377
Where a grill is fitted what is the maximum opening allowed
400 square cm
378
How does marine growth affect this flow rate
It would increase it
379
With respect to fire intakes what are the two recommendations
A protective structure to ensure diver safety in the event of automatic start up and any such device be regular Inspected
380
A surface diver working normally in mid-water can work in what current
0.8 knots
381
A surface diver doing light work on the bottom can work in what current
Up to 1 knot
382
A bell or wetbell diver working mid-water , doing light work can work in what current
Up to 1.2 knots
383
A bell/wetbell diver on the bottom doing light work can work in what current
Up to 1.5knots
384
ROV,s can have voltages up to what
a
3.3kv
385
What is the maximum battery size allowed in chambers
AA 1.5v and 500mA/hr
386
Give 3 items which are prohibited in the chamber with respect to batteries
Rechargeable power tools
Batteries containing toxic material
Battery chargers
387
Before any electric item is taken into saturation who must it be cleared by
A category 3 or 4 person
388
What is the max pressure required to hold the trigger on a water jet
1.35Nm or 12 lb/inches
389
What is the minimum lance length
60cm
390
How does HP water getting affect DP
The noise can affect the HPR system
391
At what pressure should enclosed lift bag relief valves lift
2 psi
392
# 1.
For lift bags of 3 Tonnes or above, what size should the inverter line be
25mm polypropylene
393
What should the line be for smaller bags
19mm polypropylene
394
What can happen with abrasive cutting discs what must you do to prevent it
The adhesive can degrade and the disk break in use , only dry disks not used in water before to be used , only send down what is required
395
Who is the only person that may order the start of a diving operation
The diving supervisor
396
When a vessel rotates around its vertical axis what is this called
Yaw
397
When a vessel moves to port and starboard what is it called
Sway
398
When a vessel moves forward and astern in DP what is it called
Surge
399
When a vessel moves up and down what is it called
Heave
400
When a vessel bow goes up and down what is it called
Pitch
401
When a vessel rotates around its axis of direction what is it called
Role
402
What are the bigger problems with hydro acoustics on a DP vessel
You have a bigger foot print in deep water
403
What is the name of the wind sensor
Anemometer
404
What is the minimum number of independent refference systems required for diving
3
405
Can these be all the same
No , at least two should be of different types
406
How long must the vessel be on DP before diving opps start
30 Minutes
407
Acoustic beacons for DP PRS must be no closer to a subsea structure than what
10m
408
What is the maximum angle of the taut wire before it is required to be re-plumbed
20 degrees
409
When was DP class established
1st july 1994
410
What are the parameters of a class 1
Loss of position may occur in the event of a single fault
411
What are the parameters of a class 2
Loss of position should not occur from a single fault of an active component
412
What are the parameters of a class 3
Loss of position should not occur from any single failure including flooded compartments
413
How is a yellow alert defined
Degraded DP operational status
414
How is a red alert defined
DP emergency status ( where there will be loss of position or an inevitable loss of position)
415
All DP DSV,s must be what class
Class 2 or class 3
416
With the worst power loss fault possible how long must you be able to maintain DP
30 mins
417
How many wind sensors do you require
2 in different locations
418
How many gyros are required
3
419
Position alarms should be set at what for diving
5m
420
In daylight what are the signals to indicate to other vessels that diving is taking place
3 vertical shapes, ball, diamond , ball
421
At night what are the signals to indicate to other vessels that diving is taking place
3 vertical lights red, white ,red
422
What is the minimum for surface diving
Enough for two dives to max planned working depth.
Enough to pressure both locks in the DDC to max treatment depth plus complete decompression cycles
90m3 ( 3200ft3) of O2
423
How can this be supplied
From storage or two independent supplies
424
If it is form two compressors which are electric what must be the set up
One compressor must be on an emergency supply or on another source ie diesel generator
425
How much gas do you require for a helicopter evacuation
Enough to pressure up the transfer chamber and the chamber on the helicopter
426
How much gas is required for a bounce dive
Enough gas to do the dive at the depth required and enough for a dive to max depth
Enough gas to pressure the deck chamber to transfer twice .if flushing is required then enough for two complete decompressions
Enough gas to be able to pressurise to max diving depth and to carry out a Saturation decompression in case of medical emergency.
427
How much gas is required for saturation diving
Enough to do the intended bell run plus the same again as a reserve
Enough gas to blow down the system to max working depth plus the same in reserve
Enough gas to do two complete decompressions from storage including lock runs
Enough O2 fir metabolic consumption and O2 make up multiplied by 2
428
Must you keep onboard a bell locator
Yes
429
What depth must the bell transponder be good too
200m
430
What is the interrogation pulse width
4m
431
What is the listening life
10 Weeks
432
What is the reply life at 85db
5 Days
433
For the bell locator what is the directivity
+- 15 degrees
434
What is the minimum detectable range
500m
435
Safe noise levels for un-hooded divers are what
175db and 30m from source
436
Safe noise levels for hooded divers are what
185db and min 10m from source
437
A diver does a no-stop dive for 50 mins within the previous 12 hours, when can he fly below 2,000 feet and above 2,000 feet
2 hours below and 8 hours above
438
For a diver engaged in all other air/nitrox/heliox/bounce activities of less than 4 hours under pressure or a heliox saturation of more than 4 hours, when can he fly
12 hours below and 24 hours above
439
For a diver having completed an air/nitrox/trimix saturation of more than 4 hours when can he fly
24 hours below and 48 hours above
440
Following a DCI problem where after recompression the diver is completely resolved of symptoms when can he fly
24 hours below and 48 hours above
441
Following a DCI problem where residual symptoms are present when can he fly
Consult a diver medical specialist
442
If a diver gets a DCI in flight which is limb pain only what should be done
Treat with analgesics, oral fluids and O2 if available
443
If a diver gets a DCI in flight with other symptoms what must be done
Get immediate advice from a diving medical specialist, it may be necessary to divert
444
After surfacing from a heliox saturation when do any symptoms of a DCI generally appear
Within 6 hours of surfacing
445
Generally when is it said that you have zero chance of a decompression problem after a sat
36 hours
446
How long must you remain in the vicinity of a DDC after a saturation, a surface dive requiring stops or a no stop yo yo dive
Within 20 mins from it for 4 hours and within 2 hours for 12 hours after surfacing
447
How long for a dive less than 10m,s or two dives or less with no decompression
Within 20 mins for 1 hour
448
When do you require active gas heating
When diving deeper than 150m
449
In a two man bell run how long can each diver spend in the water max
4 hours
450
How should gas storage areas be protected
By a fire deluge system
451
What must be fitted to a surface or closed bell divers breathing gas supply
An audible visual hi/low oxygen alarm
452
If reclaim systems are used what is required
Audio/visual hi/low O2 alarm and Hi carbon dioxide alarm
453
Gas cylinders in dive baskets should have what
A first stage, second stage with mouth piece and a valve with a stiff hose and contents gauge and be secured correctly .
Be opened before the start of the dive .
454
What must be done to counter a cut umbilical and stop gas loss from a bell
Non return valves on gas supplies , all gas and water supplies have valves inside as well as out side, all valves to be clearly labelled, a water proof list of valves to be closed and valves to be open , with a copy on the surface
455
What must be displayed on an emergency rescue craft ( e.g SPHL )
A clear visible when afloat set of 3 IMO agreed markings and instructions
456
How many types of hyperbaric crafts are there designed to float in water
Three
457
What is type 1 rescue craft
This has a pressure vessel for the divers and a compartment for the supervisor and crew and Is like a life raft usually self propelled
458
What is a type 2 rescue craft
A pressure vessel with a protective frame and can be propelled
459
What is a type 3 rescue craft
A diving bell used on small setups
460
How should they be colored
International distress orange on the part above water and with reflective strips
461
How many green signs should be on each craft
Three , one on the top and one each side
462
What does it look like
A rectangle of minimum sides 1200mm x 450mm with a green back ground with a white cross and a yellow bell
463
A chamber should have the facility to assemble a bunk to do what
Be waist high, accessible from one side and allow tilting of 30 degrees and a medical lock of at least 300mm diameter, suitable lighting and sufficient gas and electrical penetrations
464
What are the specs for man riding wires
A breaking strain of 8 times normal working load and non twisting wire
465
If a main lift wire passes its safety factor 8:1 is it still suitable for use
So long as it doesnt drop to less than 90% of its original value
466
The HSE has recommended in DVIS 6 which type of wire rope is preferred
Galvanished wire ropes
467
Why is galvanished rope advised
It provides sacrificial protection and corrosion fatigue and fretting protection
468
How often should shaves be lubricated
Weekly
469
What must be done to ensure that multi strand ropes are maintained correctly
They should be pressured lubricated every 6 months
470
How often should the rope be visually inspected
Daily
471
What indications could you get to show that there could be internal damage
Reduction in diameter and lay distortions
472
How often should the wire be tested and how
Every 6 months to 1.25 x SWL and a function test at the SWL by a category 3 or 4 competent person
473
How much wire rope is cut back on a yearly basis
From the bell to just past the sheave when the bell is submerged
474
# 1.
What are the specs for a dive basket or open bell
1. To be able to carry 2 divers In
an uncramped condition
2. Prevent the divers from falling out
3. To prevent spinning and tipping
4. Have overhead protection and handles
5. A secondary means of recovering the divers must be available
475
Clamping mechanisms on trunks and locks must have what
An interlock which makes it impossible to open if pressure is inside
476
How often should bailouts be checked and tested
Checked internally every 6 months for water and rust
Checked to BS 5430 every 2 years
477
IMCA only recognises two grades of diver under the Code
What are these?
Surface Supplied
Closed Bell
478
1 imperial gallon = how many US gallons?
1.2 US gallons
479
1 US gallon = is how many imperial gallons?
0.83 US gallons
480
How many feet are there in a meter?
3.281
481
How many feet in a cubic meter?
35.32
482
How many cubic feet are there in a meter?
28.31
483
How many pounds are in a kilogram?
2.204
484
Gas reclaim losses are calculated as how many litres / min?
5 litres / min
0.18 ft3 / min
485
What is soda lime (soda sorb made of?)
Calcium hydroxide
486
Describe the chemical process of scrubbing C02 using calcium hydroxide (soda lime)
Co2 absorbed by moisture reacts with the calcium hydroxide to form carbonic acid. An exothermic reaction (gives off heat).
487
What IMCA document deals with minimum gas volumes?
IMCA D050
488
How many more times conductive is Helium than air?
6 times
489
How many more times conductive is hydrogen than air?
7 times
490
A low hot water temperature with a high flow rate can transfer as much heat at a high temperature with a low flow rate to the diver.
True or False
True
491
What is the rough calculation guide for hot water temp drop over the length of an umbilical?
Temp drop = Umbilical length / flow rate
492
What is the density of sea water? (Metric & Imperial)
1.03 kg/l, or 1.03 t/m3 or 64.38 lbs/ft3.
493
What is the density of fresh water? (Metric & Imperial)
1.00 kg/l,
or 1.00 t/m3 or 62.5 lbs/ft3.
494
How much does diver weigh?
150 kg
495
What is the maximum breaking force of a weak link?
70 kg
496
IMCA Saturation (in water) PP02
0.5 to 0.8 bar
497
Maximum PPO2 for surface supplied diving
1.4 bar
498
Carbonic acid levels in the blood stimulate breathing
True of False
True
499
What is internal respiration
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at cellular level
500
What is external respiration
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
501
There are ….. organ systems in the body
11
502
The 4 important to diving are
skeletal;
respiratory;
circulatory;
nervous.
503
Rapid pressurisation can cause discomfort or even pain in the joints is
compression arthralgia
504
How many sinus cavities are there in the cranium? (skull)
4
505
five principal body cavities
cranial cavity
spinal cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
506
n an adult male lung surface area area is about
70 m2
507
Each lung is covered by a double layer of membranes
called
pleura
508
The two layers of the pleura are so close together that they are virtually in contact with each other.
They are separated only by a thin layer of fluid called
pleural fluid
509
pleural fluid acts as
lubricant
to allow the pleural membranes to slide over each other
510
If the space between the pleural membranes
becomes filled with gas is is known as a
pneumothorax
511
haemothorax is
blood between the two plural layers surrounding the lungs
512
What is DMAC 15
Medical Equipment to be Held at the Site of an
Offshore Diving Operation
513
What is DMAC 28
The Provision of Emergency Medical Care
for Divers in Saturation
514
Nitrogen has an affinity for fat …… times that of fluids in the body
Five times
515
an air diver ascends from 10 msw to surface, about 65% of the dissolved nitrogen will have left his
body in …… and about 90% after …….. ………. He will not, however, be completely free of the
excess gas for 12 hours.
60 minutes
6 hours
516
DCI cases treated
within 30 minutes have a ……% success rate.
90%
517
A delay of 5 hours reduces the success rate to only ……%
50%
518
Skin bends are caused by bubble formation in the …… …….. under the skin
Fat layer
519
Spinal DCI, for example, is caused by bubble formation in the spinal cord or in the sheath covering the
cord. Typical symptoms are
Numbness or tingling
Pain around the waist,
Loss of bladder
Excessive tiredness
Weakness in the legs Paralysis
520
Cerebral DCI symptoms include
Irritability
Hallucination
Paralysis (one side)
521
Vestibular DCI is caused by bubble formation in the inner ear. The symptoms are
loss of balance,
Nausea
Vertigo.
Ringing ears.
522
‘Chokes’ is included as serious DCI because
it is immediately life threatening.
Caused by rapid decompression.
What are the symptoms
The diver is unable to breathe properly because large numbers of
bubbles have formed in the pulmonary circulation.
523
Minimum PPo2 in the water is usually?
450-600 mb.
524
The symptoms of hypercapnia or carbon dioxide poisoning are
headache
sweating
increased respiration
feelings of apprehension
525
Carbon monoxide is typically found in the air supply from a….
faulty compressor or a compressor with a
badly placed air intake.
It may also be encountered in habitat welding
526
What is the IMCA D021?
Diving in contaminated waters
527
What is IMCA DO31
Cleaning for oxygen service
528
Secondry drowning can occur up to how long after a near drowning?
72 hours, and is a hospital case.
529
What is IMCA D0 11
Guidance on auditing of diving systems
529
What is IMCA D0 18
Code of practice for the initial and periodic examination, testing and certification of diving plant and equipment
530
There are currently DESIGN audit documents for air?
DO23
531
What is the IMCA DESIGN audit documents for sat?
DO24
532
What is the IMCA DESIGN audit documents for surface supplied mixed gas?
DO37
533
What is the IMCA DESIGN audit documents for mobile/portable diving systems?
DO40
534
What is the IMCA DESIGN audit documents for hyperbaric reception facility forming part of a hyperbaric evacuation system?
DO53
535
Guidance on selecting vessels of opportunity for diving projects
DO35
536
Guidance mobile/portable/daughtercraft surface supplied systems
DO15
537
What are 4 dive support locations?
Daughter craft.
Small air range DSV or supply boat.
Large Monohull or multihull DSV.
Fixed platform or temp platform
538
Guidance diving operations from vessels operating in dynamically positioned mode
DO10
539
What is IMCA M103
Guidelines for the design and operation of dynamically positioned vessels
540
Over what % and pressure is not recommended that 1/4 values be used
25 percent
15 bar
541
What DMAC doc deals with flying after diving?
DMAC 07
542
# 1.
According to the DO23 a ladder can not be used as a primary egress if the diver has to climb more than how many meters above the water line?
2m
543
How far beneath the water line should the ladder extend?
2m
544
The bell handling system should allow what?
The bell to be locked off the chamber system, lowered safely through the splash zone without undue spinning or swinging and positioned accurately at working depth.
It should maintain the bell at working depth without undue movement and allow it to be recovered
safely to deck and locked onto the chamber system.
545
Phase 1: How many minutes should it take to transfer divers to the HRU maximum?
15 minutes
546
Phase 2:
How many minutes to launch & 100m clear maximum?
30 minutes
547
Phase 3: How long should it take to reach HRF ideally?
75% of endurance
72 hrs - 25% = 52 hours.
548
What is the safe haven?
Where the HRU arrives on completion of transit.
Either to HRF or transport to HFR
549
Phase four:
Complete safe decompression of the divers one of what two ways?
LSP to HRC in safe location
TUP from SPHL to HRF
550
How often should the SPHL / HRC be deployed / float tested
Once every 6 months
551
Multi-legged slings should ideally be used with the legs at less than ….° to each other and never with the
legs at more than …..°.
90°
120°
552
The SWL with legs between 90° and 120° is about …. of the SWL with the legs
at less than 90°.
0.7
553
What is the maximum fleet angel of a winch wire?
1.5°
There must be at least 38 m of lead for every metre of fleet.
554
The drum should not be overloaded with cable. Normally there should be about …… times the
diameter of the winch wire between the outside of the top layer of the wire and the edge of the
drum flange
2.5 times
555
O2 consumption per diver per day metric
.72 m3
556
O2 consumption per diver per day imperial
25 ft3
