IMFA Flashcards
The forces that hold atoms together in any molecules or compounds.
Intramolecular forces of attraction
A bond formed between a metal and a non-metal where electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Transfer of electrons from a metal
to a non-metal (e.g., NaCl).
Ionic Bond
A bond formed between two non- metallic elements where electrons are shared between atoms.
Sharing of electrons between two non-metallic atoms (e.g., H2O).
Covalent Bond
Formed when one end of the molecule is said to possess more positive charges, whereas the opposite end of the molecule has negative charges, creating an electric pole.
Polar
Defined as molecules that do not have any electrical charges or partial charges
Non Polar
The distribution of electrons in an atom or molecule. It describes the arrangement of electrons in the atom’s orbitals, which are the regions around the nucleus where electrons move.
Electron Configuration
Electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom that participate in bonding
Valence Electron
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable configuration of 8 valence electrons (like noble gases).
Oclet Rule
A diagram that represents the valence electrons of an atom using dots around the element symbol. Visualizes how atoms bond and follow the octet rule.
Lewis Dot Symbol
outermost shell of an atom that participate in bonding
Valence Shell
Interactions that hold particle (atoms, ions, or molecules) together
Forces of Attraction
Forces within molecules (e.g., lonic or Covalent bonds)
Intramolecular Forces
Forces between molecules
Intermolecular Force
Arise from the electronic attraction between the ions with opposite charges. Lattices:
Structured arrangements of ions, observed in ionic solids (e.g., salts).
Ion - Ion
Occurs when an ion and a polar molecule are attracted to each other.
Ion Dipole
Occurs when two polar molecules attract each other. Between polar molecules
Dipole - Dipole
type of dipole-dipole interaction Stronger than dipole-dipole but weaker than ionic or covalent bonds. Specifically between hydrogen and either oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atoms.
Hydrogen Bonds
molecules create temporary induced dipoles in non-polar molecules, causing them to attract each other.
Dipole - Induced Dipole
A temporary intermolecular force that occurs when a polar molecule temporarily polarizes a non-polar molecule.
Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole
are forces that holds elements together
Intramolecular forces of attraction
Are forces that exist between substances
intermolecular forces of attraction
this force is much easier to break than the other one
intermolecular forces of attraction
this bond is formed by the complete transfer of valence electron between atoms
Ionic Bonds
This bond is formed between same atom or atoms with very similar electronegativities
non-polar covalent bonds
