Immigrants and refugees Flashcards
According to Battle (2018), there are three concerns SLPs must address
the lack of experience SLPs have with immigrant and refugees; the 3 phases refugees go through (pre-migration, migration, and post-migration; more time and resources are needed to support them
What is a refugee?
A person residing in a country they were not born in upon leaving a country they were born in because of persecution or fear of persecution. Such a person must apply for a green card (i.e., lawful permanent resident) status one year after being admitted.
What is an asylee?
A refugee who wants admission into another country but is not legally considered an immigrant, so they are not given protection. After one year of asylum, they can then apply for a green card.
What is a migrant?
a person who lives in a country that they were not born or not originally from because of temporary work
What is an immigrant?
a person who enters a new country and intends on settling there permanently. Examples include asylees or refugees; illegal individuals; naturalized citizens; lawful permanent residents; people on work or student visas (considered legal immigrants)
Who is responsible for recording the number of displaced people?
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
How many people are currently displaced?
Over 60 million people and more than half of them are children
Where do most immigrants in the U.S. come from?
In order to highest percentage to lowest percentage:
Mexico, China, India, Philippines, and El Salvador
Most refugees come from these three countries (in order to highest percentage to lowest)
DR Congo; Myanmar; Ukraine
What occurs during the first phase of migration (i.e., pre-migration)?
anticipation of migration; great level of stress; children may be forced to serve as soldiers; threats to safety of self, family, and friends; enduring turmoil from a disordered environment; uncertainty and pressures of organized violence and little basic rights; exposed to much rape, torture, physical harm, anxiety, and depression.
What occurs during the second phase of migration?
lots of upheaval and uncertainty; inadequate food, shelter, water, and safety are a concern; adults may be so stressed that they cannot care for their children enough, which can cause children to develop behavior problems; they may end up in detention centers or refugee camps and stay there for a long time. The longer they stay in refugee camps, the more likely they will develop mental health issues.
What occurs during the third phase of migration (i.e., post-migration)?
Mixed feelings, such as survivor guilt, may arise; cultural bereavement: they grieve the loss of their culture, country, family, friends, home, and possessions; profound sense of loss; children may learn the new language faster than parents, so they often act as interpreters; parents may not know about academic qualifications and they may not get employed; if they do get employed, they may not earn much. Lots of stress learning the customs of a new culture and there is a huge financial burden and stress
What are the 7 biggest challenges immigrants and refugees face in the U.S.?
Learning the language; finding employment; access to housing; access to services; transportation; raising their children and giving them education; overcoming cultural barriers
What must an SLP consider when thinking about education of refugees and immigrants?
language; interrupted school; inconsistent provision of services; records of prior schooling lost or not available
According to the UNHCR, how many children did not attend school?
3.5 million
