immigration and urbanization Flashcards

(36 cards)

1
Q

urbanization

A

The process by which an increasing proportion of a population comes to reside in urban areas and the associated changes in social, economic, and political structures.

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2
Q

megacities

A

populations exceeding 10 million people, characterized by intense population density, economic activities, and complex social structures.

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3
Q

megaregions

A

Networks of metropolitan areas that are economically integrated and interconnected, often forming extensive urban corridors that span multiple cities and regions.

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4
Q

globalization

A

interconnectedness and interdependence of societies on a global scale, involving the exchange of goods, information, ideas, and cultures across national boundaries.

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5
Q

social capital

A

The networks, relationships, and social connections within a community that contribute to trust, cooperation, and the overall well-being of individuals and groups.

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6
Q

urbanism

A

The way of life, attitudes, values, and patterns of behavior associated with living in urban areas.

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7
Q

social networks

A

Patterns of social relationships and connections among individuals or groups, which can be both formal and informal

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8
Q

the great migration

A

The mass movement of African Americans from the rural Southern United States to urban areas in the North and West, primarily during the early to mid-20th century.

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9
Q

push factor

A

factors that encourage individuals to leave a location

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10
Q

pull factor

A

factors that encourage individuals to come to a location

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11
Q

chicago school of urban sociology

A

focusing on the study of urban environments and their impact on social behavior, led by scholars associated with the University of Chicago.

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12
Q

human ecology

A

study of the relationship between human populations and their environments, including how social structures interact with and adapt to physical environments.

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13
Q

ethnic enclave

A

A geographic area with a high concentration of residents of a particular ethnic or cultural group.

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14
Q

immigrant integration

A

process by which immigrants and their descendants become part of the social, economic, and cultural fabric of the host society.

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

second generation

A

born to first generation immigrant parents in the new country

17
Q

growth machine

A

concept in urban sociology referring to the coalition of political and economic interests that promote urban development and growth.

18
Q

gentrification

A

process of urban renewal and the influx of wealthier individuals into previously lower-income neighborhoods, often resulting in increased property values and the displacement of existing residents.

19
Q

concentrated poverty

A

The high concentration of individuals or families living in poverty within a specific geographic area.

20
Q

economic segregation

A

The separation of individuals or groups based on economic status, often resulting in distinct economic classes residing in different neighborhoods.

21
Q

residential segregation

A

The spatial separation of different racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups within a residential area.

22
Q

white flight

A

migration of white residents from urban areas to suburban or exurban areas, often in response to increasing racial diversity or perceived urban decline.

23
Q

redlining

A

historical practice of denying loans or insurance to individuals based on their race or the racial composition of their neighborhood.

24
Q

suburban sprawl

A

unplanned and often rapid expansion of suburban areas characterized by low-density development, reliance on automobiles, and the spread of commercial and residential zones.

25
georg simmel
key figure in the development of sociology and is known for his work on social theory and the study of social forms.
26
Louis wirth
known for his classic work "Urbanism as a Way of Life," which explores the effects of urban living on individuals.
27
Claude Fischer
American sociologist known for his research on urban life, social networks, and the impact of technology on society.
28
Jane jacobs
renowned for her influential work on urban studies, particularly her book "The Death and Life of Great American Cities."
29
Barry wellman
recognized for his contributions to the study of social networks and the impact of technology on social life.
30
st. clair drake and Horace cayton
Collaborative authors of the influential sociological study "Black Metropolis," which examined the social and economic conditions of African Americans in Chicago.
31
Ernest burgess
American sociologist associated with the Chicago School of sociology. He is known for his work on urban sociology and the concentric zone model.
32
Douglas Massey
specializing in the fields of immigration, race, and housing
33
John Logan and Harvey molotch
Sociologists known for their work on urban sociology. Molotch is particularly known for his concept of "the city as a growth machine."
34
William Julius wilson
specializing in the study of race and class issues. He is known for his work on urban poverty and the impact of economic changes on African American communities.
35
Douglas Massey and Nancy denton
Collaborative authors known for their work on residential segregation,
36
Richard florida
urban studies theorist known for his research on the creative class and its impact on cities.