Immigration to the U.S: secoond wave Flashcards
When did Congress initiate the counting of incoming immigrants, and how was the process carried out despite the absence of a formal bureaucracy?”
Congress initiated the counting of incoming immigrants in 1819, although the process lacked a formal bureaucracy, relying on customs and port officials for enumeration.
what was the population statistics and when?
By 1920, at the close of the third wave of immigration, the US had a population of 105 million, with approximately 36 million immigrants among them.
What is the 2nd wave timeline ?
1815-1819
What were the social and economic reasons of immigrations?
Starting with the fact tha the European continent started to have its population rate increasing tremendously, and the fact that immigranst were starting to get attracted to the US because of better sanitary conditions, as well as medicine, no more plague and more food available. Social and economic factors, including the displacement of artisans and the collapse of traditional rural livelihoods, pushed many individuals to seek better opportunities in the US.
development of factory system?
Its lead to a lod of artisans going jobless, since their work were taken by factory, so had to either work in these factories or keep their original work and go to the US
development of scientific farms?
Lead to the enclosure movement not only there was a huge competition against big owners of lands, but also some farmers that were able to live with little being expelled from their lands. Si either factory work or the USA.
What political conditions in Europe contributed to the second wave of American immigration from 1815-1819?
Political issued in Europe, such as failed revolutions in Germany and France, prompted migration to escape persecution and seek greater political freedoms such as the whole idea of Bill of Rights in he U.S
How did religious persecution impact immigration to the US during the 19th century?
Religious persecution in various regions of Europe, such as the persecution of Quakers in Norway and the Mormon migration from Great Britain and Scandinavia, led many to seek refuge in the US.
What psychological incentives played a role in the second wave of American immigration from 1815-1819?
Psychological reasons such as increased knowledge of the US and economic opportunities like the Gold Rush through news paper, books or even informations from family members that already settled in America, attracted individuals to consider migration to the US as a viable option for a better life considering how cheap were the lands or even free as well as crossing the Atlantic that was cheap as well adding here the pre-paid ticket and sending money.
What were the primary groups comprising the second wave of American immigrants during the 19th century?
The main immigrant groups during this period were the Irish, Germans, Scandinavians, and Chinese people.
Why did Irish quite ?
Because driven with poverty, withe greata famine between 1915 to 40 engaged by potato blight, there was a whole massive famine as well as death from hunger. And British landlords as well as the gov did not care about them and even saw them as dust because cathilicism.
Where did Irish settled at and what were their work sector?
Irish immigrants primarily settled in urban areas, particularly in cities like New York and New England, New Jersay where they often worked in labor-intensive jobs. Always at the bottom of the social lader.
What were the main reasons for German immigrants to come to the US during the 19th century?
For economic opportunities due to industrialization, political issues following the failed Revolution of 1848, religious freedom, and seeking a better quality of life. Also the set if idea about getting cheap or free lands. And farmers or skilled jobs such as bakers, tailors, butchers
Where did German immigrants settle in the US?
Minority would go to urban cities, such as midwest where they would contriute to establishing vabrant communities.
Majority settled in countrysides, rural areas to be come farmers or even persue skilled trades areas such as baker, butchers..
Were 25% of the immigrants
What countries made up Scandinavia at that time?
Norway, Denmark and Sweden
