Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

immunology test 1 b and T cell > immune > Flashcards

immune Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

DR, DP, DQ

A

MHC II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T cell require (2) things for activation

A
  1. Antigen presentation

2. Co-stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alpha chain associated with B2 macro globulin

A

MHC-II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Made of alpha and beta chains

A

MHC-II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MISFOLDED PROTEIN

A

MHC-I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cross presentation

A

Taking outside , but showing them as if they were inside . Needed to activate CD8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Activates a CD4+ T-cell

A

CD40 (DC)

CD40-L (T-cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Promotes interactions with stromal cells for development of thymocytes.

A

SCF and IL-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TCR must (2)

A
  1. Interact w/ MHC

2. Not interact w/host epitope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Committed marker of double negative T-cell precursor

A

CD2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Once the beta portion of a T-cell is made, the T cell is

A

Double positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Three things that dominate the double positive state

A
  1. Thymocyte has a functional beta chain
  2. Thomcyte expresses both CD8 and CD4
  3. Signals for rearrangement of alpha. If it cant, it will die or make delta gamma.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pos selection

A

Does the T cell interact with host MHC.

If no. .. dead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Neg selection

A

Does the TCR recognize the epitope in the MHC molecule. The only epitope presented in the thymus are our own proteins. SO if it does recognize it, it will die.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T cell dies if

A

It has a strong aff for host MHC

Responds to host peptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Naive T cells become activated in

A

Secondary lymphoid tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CD4 and CD8 help

A

interact with MHC for stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CD3 complex and Zeta chains

A

signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Three steps needed for T-cell activation

A
  1. See the epitope in the MHC
  2. Costimulation
  3. Proliferation (IL-2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Requires for costimulation of T cells

A

CD28 on T cell bonds with CD80/86 (B7) on APC. If this does not happen, then T cell will become anergia or die.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Negative costimulatory molecules

A

CTLA-1 and PD-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Moderate aff IL-2 receptor

A

beta , gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

High aff IL-2

A

beta , gamma, alpha

-once CD28 interacts with CD80/86, then alpha comes in and in part of IL-2. =CD25 ,= clonal expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Activation of CD8 T cells

A
  1. Naive cell interacts with DC in secondary lymphoid tissue , this requires Th cell help.
  2. At infected site, activated CTL recognizes a target cell displaying the correct MHC, peptide-J
  3. CTL is primed, by APC by CD28 and the epitope.

Prime in secondary tissue
Kill in the infected site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Expresses FOXP3
IL-10 and TGFB
26
Influcences IL-17
IL-23
27
Induces eiosinphil or Th2 activation
IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
28
Activates B cell and macrophages
CD40-L (on T cells) CD40 on (B cells _
29
Alpha chain of IL-2 receptor
CD4/CD25
30
Induces germinal center formation of B-cells
IL-21 and IL-6
31
Memory T cells have no
CD28
32
Mast cells activated by
TLRs
33
Binding of TLR induces
NFKB
34
Form multi-metic complex , (1) Cleaves to produce (2)
1. NLRs | 2. IL-1 and IL-18
35
Fever
IL-1 , IL-6, TNF
36
Induces pyroptosis
NLRs
37
Intiated when apoptosis is blocked
Necroptosis
38
IL-6 induces CRP to bind with
phosphocholine and acts as opsonin
39
INF alpha and beta binds to cytokine receptor to activate
JAK STAT
40
NK and macrophage for complex .. then 1. ..activates
1. IL-12 and IL-15
41
NK cells turn into effector cells and secrete
IFN gamma
42
These bind to cytosolic viral dsRNA and activatates NFKB
RLRs
43
Activates the IRF to produce type 1 IFN
RLRs
44
TLR3 deficiency
impaired signaling through TLRs and IL-1R **decrease in Type 1 IFN production . Presents with HSV-1 encephalitis
45
C1 deficiency
inefficney clearing of antigen antibody complex
46
CGD
NADPH defect
47
CHS
lysosomal trafficking disorder
48
Low H or I =
low C3
49
Has an aa that makes direct contact with the epitope
Hypervariable region
50
BCR requires membrane bound antibody and. . .
Association of IgB and IgA
51
Does not have a switch region
IgD
52
To get a diff Antibody class, you must
Cut the DNA
53
B cell make an RNA t script that has
Mu and Delta
54
DNA splicing gives you
VDJ diversity
55
Mature B cel must have
LC, HC and IgM
56
We cut/splice D and J to bring in a V which gives IgM . This occurs in
Pro stage
57
Marker to identify the B precursor is ready to go through developmental stages
CD-19
58
For pro B to become pre B , the . . .
HC has to be able to pair with surrogate LC (V-pre B and lambda 5)
59
"Functional B cell"
good structure good surrogate can interact with signaling molecules
60
Allelic exclusion takes place in the
Pre-B cell stage
61
As long as the LC segments have 1., they can keep splicing .
V and D
62
What is central tolerance
deletion of auto reactive B cells in BM
63
Follicular B cells give
high aff AB that is a class other than IgM
64
B-1 gives
low aff , but rapidly active IgM
65
MZ B cells
move to marginal zone of spleen. TO produce low aff AB and can differentiate into plasma cells.
66
Transitional B cells
Express IgD
67
RAG mutation
Wont go from pro to pre. cant make proteins , because it cant make a HC Results in SCIDs due to inability of B and T to pass developmental checkpoints.
68
Gamma common chain mutation
low T and low B Associated with SCF and IL-7 which signal by gamma
69
XLA
Mutation in BTK. Producing mutated BTK enzyme. Impairs pre- BCR signaling. No B cells and low or absent immunoglobulin
70
BTK is necessary to to signal from
IgA and IgB
71
Associated with B cell activation
CR2, CD19, CD81
72
Cross links several BCRs , can also bind PRR (like TLRs) plus a BCR antigen . Antigen specificity is low
TI ( low aff IgM is produced )
73
Requires MHCII, high aff IgM. Antigen has to be a protein
TD
74
TI-1
cross link BCR, but also binds to TLR (low aff IgM)
75
TI-2
cross linking multiple BCRs, produces activation , extensive cross linking.
76
TD-B cell activation leads to
germinal center formation
77
TD-B cell activation steps
1. SHM 2. Aff maturation 3. Isotype switching
78
SHM, mutation occurs in
VDJ of LC , point mutations
79
Aff maturation in TD-B cell development requires
Follicular dendritic cells (fly traps)
80
These can bypass germinal center and make IgG
TLRs
81
Classs switching requires
1. Switch regions 2. Enzyme (Activation induces cytidine deaminase) aka, ,,AID-causes looping of DNA .. only ssDNA regions that are undergoing transcription
82
CD40-L deficiency
hyper IgM syndrome -increase infection .. also patients will have lots of macrophage activation
83
These Ig have J chains
IgM and IgA
84
Poly Ig receptor
binds to J chains and moves IgA
85
Placental
IgG
86
Agglutinating
IgM>IgA

immunology test 1 b and T cell (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions