immune/blood term, inflammation

Question 1

anoxia

Answer 1

absence of oxygen

Question 2

hypoxia

Answer 2

deficiency of oxygen

Question 3

septicemia

Answer 3

pathogens or toxins in the blood, can include bacteremia

Question 4

bacteremia

Answer 4

bacteria in blood

Question 5

chemotaxis

Answer 5

movement of WBCs along concentration gradient of tissue damage byproducts

Question 6

pavementing/margination

Answer 6

WBCs lining the damaged vessels

Question 7

Diapedesis AKA leukocyte extravasation

Answer 7

neutrophils and monocytes squeeze through the wallas of blood vessels towards site of damaged tissue or infection

Question 8

clot

Answer 8

fibrinogen into fibrin via thromboplastin

Question 9

thrombus

Answer 9

platelet deposition

Question 10

embolus

Answer 10

foreign body in the blood travels

Question 11

exudate

Answer 11

fluid and high protein

Question 12

transudate

Answer 12

fluid and low protein

Question 13

1st stage of inflammation; Injury

Answer 13

tissue is damaged

Question 14

2nd stage of inflammation; vasoconstriction

Answer 14

sympathetic reaction. wound does not spew blood unless artery was damaged

Question 15

3rd stage inflammation; vasodilation

Answer 15

bring more blood to injured site. histamine and bradykinin dilate vessels

Question 16

4th stage inflammation; swelling/edema

Answer 16

cells move into damaged area. chemotaxis>diapedesis /leukocyte extravasation

Question 17

5th stage inflammation; healing

Answer 17

mast cells make heparin and serotonin. serotonin: for wound healing, stimulates the myofibroblasts which cause constriction and form type 3 collagen for early wound healing. fibrin forms the scar

Question 18

basophils

Answer 18

become mast cells, make histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, heparin

Question 19

b-lymphocytes

Answer 19

transforms into plasma cells >make antibodies

Question 20

granuloctyes

Answer 20

BEN: basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils

Question 21

agranulocytes

Answer 21

lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 22

macrophage

Answer 22

monocyte at tissue level. kupffer-liver, dust-lung, microglia-brain. langerhan-skin

Question 23

NK cells

Answer 23

MEN. Monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils

Question 24

t-helper cells

Answer 24

CD4 cells=activated b cells

Question 25

t-killer cells

Answer 25

CD8 cells=cytotoxic cells. destroys cancer. kills foreign agents, eg transplant rejections

Question 26

t suppressor cells

Answer 26

t-regulatory cells. decrease immune system. slows antibody production

Question 27

Neutrophils

Answer 27

60%. increase in acute bacterial infections and acute inflammation

Question 28

lymphocytes

Answer 28

30%. increase in viral condtions and chronic inflammation

Question 29

monocytes

Answer 29

5-8%. chronic conditions. changes into phagocytes at tissue level

Question 30

eosinophils

Answer 30

2-4%. increase in parasites and allergies

Question 31

basophils

Answer 31

0-0.5%. like mast cells. produce heparin and histamine. increase conditions that cause histamine release