Immune system

Question 1

what is the immune system?

Answer 1

The role of the immune system is to protect your body against disease causing organisms and foreign particles (pathogens) as well as malfunctioning cells

Question 2

Describe the importance of the non-specific immune system in protecting the body against pathogens.

Answer 2

The non-specific immune response will defend the body against any pathogen.

Question 3

Describe the first line of defence role in preventing entry of pathogens.

Answer 3

The first line of defence is a chemical or physical barrier that stops pathogens from entering the body.

Question 4

What type of response does the first line of defence use?

Answer 4

The first line of defence is a non-specific primary response

Question 5

What are the parts of the first line of defence

Answer 5

mucous membranes, skin, tears, ear wax and urine are all part of the first line of defence.

Question 6

What is the second line of defence and what is its function?

Answer 6

the second line of defence destroy pathogens that have made it past the first line of defence.

Question 7

Identify what type of response the second line of defence is

Answer 7

The second line of defence is a non-specific secondary response

Question 8

Define blood clotting

Answer 8

Blood clotting is stopping addition infection through skin damage

Question 9

what is the inflammation response

Answer 9

Inflammation is when the amount of blood cells reaching infected area increases making the tissue to swell up.

Question 10

What does a fever occur

Answer 10

Fever is when the internal body temperature increases to try and destroy the pathogen

Question 11

What is the process when white blood cells destroy pathogens called?

Answer 11

White blood cells destroy pathogens by the process of phagocytosis

Question 12

• Define phagocytosis

Answer 12

Phagocytosis is the process where white blood cells surround and absorb pathogens.

Question 13

What does the third line of defence do?

Answer 13

The third line of defence is the line of defence that destroy specific pathogens that have survive the second line of defence and remember these pathogens for the future.

Question 14

What type of response does the third line of defence have?

Answer 14

The third line of defence is has a specific immune response

Question 15

What do B cells do?

Answer 15

B cells are the cells that produce antibodies

Question 16

What is an antibody

Answer 16

An antibody is a molecule that fits exactly (binds) onto the specific part (antigen) of a pathogen, which causes them to become “locked” together, stopping invasion.

Question 17

• Define T cells

Answer 17

T cells are cells that attack and kill pathogens.

Question 18

What do the B and T cells produce after the body has destroyed the infection?

Answer 18

B cells and T cells produce memory cells which remain in the body once the infection has been destroyed

Question 19

What do memory cells do?

Answer 19

Memory cells are responsible for allowing an individual to develop immunity against a particular pathogen.

Question 20

What would happen if a person gets infected by the same pathogen?

Answer 20

If a person is immune to a particular pathogen, their body will respond more rapidly to future infections, and subsequently note experience symptoms if re-infected (secondary exposure)