Immune system Flashcards by Lady Barbeque

Damages and degrades the myelin sheath surrounding neurons

Multiple Sclerosis

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Haemophilus influenzae type B

DROPLET

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Staph
Cellulitis
Impetigo
MRSA
Yeast infections
■ Candida
Fungal infections
■ Tinea

Integumentary infections

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Rubella

DROPLET

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Small portion of a disease is used to induce active immunity - helping the body
create antibodies and therefore protecting it from disease in the future

Vaccinations

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Body has destroyed the beta cells of the pancreas that produce insulin
● There is little or no insulin in the body
● Very high levels of glucose in the bloodstream
● No glucose can get to the cells for fuel

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

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Gastroenteritis
Many bacteria, viruses, and parasites

Gastrointestinal infections

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coordinate attack and/or directly kill pathogens

T cells

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Meningitis

DROPLET

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Myasthenia Gravis diagnosis test

TENSILON TEST

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SLE symptom management

Immunosuppressants
Steroids
Hydroxychloroquine

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Antibody and cell mediated immunologic reaction precipitated by a viral or
bacterial illness

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

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Conjunctivitis

CONTACT

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Produces blood cells

Bone marrow

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■ Influenza
■ Pertussis
■ Mumps
■ Rhinovirus
■ Adenovirus
■ Meningitis
■ Streptococcus Aureus

Communicable

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Levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, ofloxacin

Fluoroquinolones

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Carry oxygen

Red blood cells (RBC)

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Adenovirus

DROPLET

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If GBS ascends to the diaphragm can cause

respiratory arrest

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Adaptive immune response cells;
T cells, B cells, Memory cells

Lymphocytes

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Encephalitis
Meningitis

Neurologic Infections

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Herpes Simplex virus

CONTACT

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Staphylococcus aureus

CONTACT

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Rotavirus

CONTACT

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SARS

AIRBORNE

Your body PASSIVELY receives antibodies

Passive immunity

Fight eukaryotic pathogen, especially parasitic worms; Elevated in allergic response

Eosinophils

A systemic inflammatory reaction to an infection

SEPSIS

Marks “self” vs. “other”

antigen

Human Metapneumovirus

CONTACT

Osteomyelitis

Musculoskeletal infections

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

CONTACT

produce antibodies

B cells

Tacrolimus, Sirolimus

Immunosuppressants

Attacks cell

antibodies

Vancomycin Indication: NC:

Infection, sepsis NC: Red man syndrome (caused by rapid infusion) **adm at least 1hr, central line preferred

Thickening of epidermis and dermis ● Scaly, erythematous, pruritic plaques

Psoriasis

Gentamycin, neomycin, tobramycin, septomycin, paromomycin NC:

AMINOGLYCOSIDES NC: monitor for tinnitus, not administered w penicillin

extremely phagocytic, antigen-presenting cells; when activated known as ___

Monocytes; Macrophages

Gentamicin Erythromycin Azithromycin Vancomycin Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin Amoxicillin Ampicillin

ANTIBIOTICS

MMR, Rotavirus, Smallpox, Chicken pox, Yellow fever

Live-attenuated vaccinations

Poliomyelitis

CONTACT

Amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin

Penicillins

Tuberculosis

AIRBORNE

STDs

Reproductive infections

Streptococcus Aureus

DROPLET

RA exacerbations or “flares” occur during periods of _____ and ____

emotional (stress) or physical (fatigue)

Release histamine to increase inflammatory response ; very similar to mast cells

Basophils

Miconazole Fluconazole Nystatin

ANTI-FUNGALS

SLE has ___ and NO CURE

‘Flare ups’ and remissions

Communication between nerves and muscles destroyed

Myasthenia Gravis

Mumps

DROPLET

Your body ACTIVELY builds antibodies to a foreign organism

Active immunity

Leads to destruction of connective tissue and synovial membrane within the joints

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Pertussis

DROPLET

Immunosuppressants Indication: NC:

Autoimmune disorders, transplant recipients NC: No grapefruit, consult hcp before receiving vaccines S/E: GI upset

Phagocytic& secrete toxins to fight all pathogens

Neutrophils

UTI Pyelonephritis

Renal infections

Rhinovirus

DROPLET

Pediculosis (lice)

CONTACT

■ CAUTIs (Catheter Acquired Urinary Tract Infection) ■ CLABSIs (Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection) ■ SSIs (Surgical Site Infection)

Healthcare Acquired Infections (HAIs)

VRE

CONTACT

Epiglottitis

DROPLET

Smallpox

AIRBORNE

Rheumatoid Arthritis weakens the joint, leading to _____ and _____ of the joint

dislocation; deformity

Elevated ____ indicates body has switched to anaerobic metabolism; electrolyte imbalance:

lactic acid; metabolic acidosis

Psoriasis INTERVENTIONS

Light therapy Systemic therapy

Pneumonia ■ Bacterial or viral Bronchitis MANY viral infections ■ RSV ■ Flu ■ COVID

Respiratory Infections

IVIG, RhoGAM

Immune Globulins

■ Peritonitis ■ Endocarditis

Non-communicable

MRSA

CONTACT

SEPSIS Tx

*Blood cultures first *Broad spectrum IV abx within one hour *IV fluids *Vasopressors

Rubeola virus (Measles)

AIRBORNE

GBS causes _____ weakness and paralysis

ascending

Diphtheria (cutaneous)

CONTACT

S-E-P-S-I-S

Shiver Extreme pain Pale Sleepy "I feel like i might die" Short of breath

Diphtheria (pharyngeal)

DROPLET

High ___; Low ___ *Graves disease*

T4; TSH

platelet plug formation

Platelets (thrombocytes)

Hep A, Flu, Polio, Rabies

Inactivated vaccines

Varicella zoster

AIRBORNE

Noroviruses

CONTACT

Myocarditis Endocarditis

Cardiovascular Infections

circulate to patrol for repeat threats

Memory cells

Acyclovir Ganciclovir Remdesivir

ANTI-VIRALS

Autoimmune disease with antibodies attacking the thyroid ● The body has too much thyroid hormone!

Graves Disease

Immune Globulins Indication: NC:

Immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorders NC: Titrated on slowly (especially the first infusion)

Examples of active immunity

You get sick Exposure to new organisms Vaccination

Fluoroquinolones Indication NC:

Urinary infection, resp infections NC: cause QT prolongation, tendon rupture, decrease effects of phenytoin

SLE common findings

Fatigue, Rashes, Fever, Pain and swelling in joints

Immune system attacks the joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys and blood vessels

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Influenza

DROPLET

Penicillins Indication: NC:

Infections; skin, respiratory, endocarditis NC: monitor for rash, kidney function (BUN, Cr)

Varicella virus (Chickenpox)

AIRBORNE

Examples of passive immunity

From mother to fetus via placenta Breastfeeding Antibody administration ***Immune globulins

Scabies

CONTACT