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Physiology MRCP > Immune system > Flashcards

Immune system Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What are the parts of the innate immune system?

A

Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Mast cells
Monocytes
Macrophages
Natural killer cells
Dendritic cells

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2
Q

What is the most common type of white blood cell?

A

Neutrophils

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3
Q

What is the function of neutrophils?

A

Primary phagocytic cell in acute inflammation
Granules contain myeloperioxidase and lysozyme

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4
Q

How can neutrophils be identified?

A

Multi-lobed nucleus

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5
Q

What is the function of basophils?

A

Release histamine in allergic response
Granules contain heparin and histamine
Express IgE receptors

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6
Q

How can basophils be identified?

A

Bi-lobed nucleus

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7
Q

What is the function of eosinophils?

A

Defend against protozoan and helminthic infections

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8
Q

How can eosinophils be identified?

A

Bi-lobed nucleus

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9
Q

What is the function of mast cells?

A

Release histamine in allergic response
Granules contain heparin and histamine
Express IgE receptors

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10
Q

What is the function of monocytes?

A

Differentiate to macrophages

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11
Q

What is the function of macrophages?

A

Phagocytosis of cellular debris and pathogens
Act as antigen presenting cell
Source of IL1

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12
Q

What is the function of natural killer cells?

A

Induce apoptosis in virally infected and tumour cells

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13
Q

What is the function of dendritic cells?

A

Antigen presenting cells

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14
Q

What are the parts of he adaptive immune system?

A

Helper T cells
Cytotoxic T cells
B cells
Plasma cells

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15
Q

What is the function of helper T cells?

A

Recognise antigens on MHC II
Cell mediated immune response
Source of IL2

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16
Q

What receptors are expressed on helper T cells?

A

CD4, CD3, CD28 and TCR

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17
Q

What do helper T cells mediate?

A

Acute and chronic organ rejection

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18
Q

What are the types of T helper cells?

A

Th1
Th2

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19
Q

What do Th1 cells secrete?

A

IL2, IL3 and IFN-gamma

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20
Q

What so Th2 cells secrete?

Study These Flashcards
A

IL4, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL13

21
Q

What is the function of cytotoxic T cells?

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A

Induce apoptosis of virally infected and tumour cells
Cell mediated immune response
Recognise antigens of MHC I

22
Q

What receptors do cytotoxic T cells express?

Study These Flashcards
A

CD8, CD3, TCR

23
Q

What do cytotoxic T cells mediate?

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute and chronic organ rejection

24
Q

What is the function of B cells?

Study These Flashcards
A

Antigen presenting cells
Humoral (antibody) immune response

25
What do B cells mediate?
Hyperacute organ rejection
26
What cell surface markers are on B cells?
CD 19, CD20, CD40, MHC II, B7
27
What is the function of plasma cells?
Produce large amounts of antibodies to specific antigen
28
What are plasma cells differentiated from?
B cells
29
What cell surface markers are on macrophages?
CD14, CD40, MHC II, B7
30
What cell surface markers are on natural killer cells?
CD16, CD56
31
What is the function of CD1?
MHC molecule that presents lipid molecules
32
What is the function of CD2?
Acts as ligand for CF58 and 59 Signal transduction and cell adhesion
33
What cells is CD2 found on?
Thymocytes T cells Some NK cells
34
What is he function of CD3?
Signalling component of T cell receptor complex
35
What is the function of CD4?
Coreceptor for MHC class II
36
Where is CD4 found?
T helper cells
37
What is the clinical significant of CD4?
Used by HIV to enter T cells
38
What is the clinical significance of CD5?
Sound in majority of mantle cell lymphoma
39
What is the function of CD8?
Coreceptor for MHC class I
40
Where is CD8 found?
Cytotoxic T cells Subset of myeloid dendritic cells
41
What is the function of CD14?
Cell surface marker for macrophages
42
Where is CD15 found?
Reed-Sternberg cells (with CD30)
43
What is the function of CF16?
Bind to Fc portion of IgG antibodies
44
What is the clinical significance of CD21?
Receptor for EBV
45
What is the function of CD28?
Costimulatory signal
46
What is CD45?
Protein tyrosine phosphatase resent on all leucocytes
47
What is CD56?
Unique marker for NK cells
48
What is the function of CD95?
Involved in apoptosis

Physiology MRCP (20 decks)

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