Immune System Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the primary function of the immune system?
To protect the body against pathogens and foreign substances.
True or False: The immune system only defends the body against bacteria.
False. It defends against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
What are the two main types of immunity?
Innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
Fill in the blank: The __________ system helps to identify and destroy harmful invaders.
immune
What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?
They identify and eliminate pathogens.
Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?
B cells.
What does the term ‘antigen’ refer to?
A substance that triggers an immune response.
True or False: Vaccinations help the adaptive immune system to recognize pathogens.
True.
What is the significance of the lymphatic system in immunity?
It transports lymph, a fluid containing immune cells, throughout the body.
Short answer: Name one organ involved in the immune response.
Spleen.
What is the function of T cells in the immune system?
They help regulate immune responses and kill infected cells.
Fill in the blank: The __________ response is the body’s first line of defense.
innate
Which cells are involved in the innate immune response?
Macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer cells.
What is the role of antibodies?
To neutralize pathogens and mark them for destruction.
True or False: The immune system can remember past infections.
True.
What is an autoimmune disease?
A condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells.
Short answer: How does stress affect the immune system?
It can weaken immune responses.
What is the purpose of inflammation in the immune response?
To isolate and eliminate pathogens and promote healing.
What are cytokines?
Signaling proteins that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.
Fill in the blank: __________ are substances introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response.
Vaccines
What does ‘herd immunity’ refer to?
When a significant portion of a population becomes immune to a disease, providing indirect protection to those who are not immune.
True or False: The immune system is only active when there is an infection.
False. It is always active, monitoring for potential threats.
What is the significance of the bone marrow in the immune system?
It is where blood cells, including immune cells, are produced.
Short answer: What lifestyle factors can improve immune function?
Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and a balanced diet.
