Immunisation and Prophylaxis Flashcards

Question

Immunisation schedule for 3-5 years old

Answer 1

4-in-1 booster DTaP, IPV | MMR

Answer 2

Human papilloma virus

Answer 3

3-in-1 booster DT, IPV and men ACWY

Answer 4

Vaccinated individuals less likely to be a source of infection to others This reduces the risk of un-vaccinated individuals being exposed to infection Individuals who cannot be vaccinated therefore still benefit from routine vaccination

Answer 5

Babies at 2 and 3 months | 90% protection

Answer 6

``` BCG Influenza Pneumococcal Hepatitis B Varicella-zoster ```

Answer 7

``` Some infants (0-12 months) from areas of the UK with an annual incidence of 40 or more per 100,000 or with parents/grandparents born in a country with an annual incidence of TB of 40 or more per 100,000 ``` Children screened at school for TB risk factors if appropriate New immigrants, previously unvaccinated, from high prevalence countries Contacts of respiratory TB patients Healthcare workers

Answer 8

``` Nursing home residents Healthcare workers Immunodeficiency Immunosuppression Asplenia/hyposplenism Chronic liver, renal, cardiac or lung disease Diabetes mellitus Pregnant women Coeliac disease Age > 65 ```

Answer 9

``` Immunosuppression Immunodeficiency Asplenism/hyposplenism Sickle cell disease Chronic liver, renal, cardiac or lung disease Diabetes mellitus Coeliac disease ```

Answer 10

``` Children at high risk of exposure to HBV Babies born to infected mothers Healthcare workers IVDA Men who have sex with men Prisoners Chronic liver or kidney disease ```

Answer 11

Patients who have a suppressed immune system Children in contact with those at risk of severe VZV Healthcare workers if sero-negative and in contact with patients

Answer 12

Aged 1-12 years - 1 dose | Aged 13 or older - 2 doses, 4-8 weeks apart

Answer 13

All elderly patients, 70+

Answer 14

Contains antibodies against hepatitis A, rubella, measles Used in immunoglobulin deficiencies Treatment of some autoimmune disorders

Answer 15

``` Hepatitis B Ig Rabies Ig Tetanus anti-toxin Ig Varicella Ig Diphtheria anti-toxin Botulinum anti-toxin ```

Answer 16

Human normal immunoglobulin Human specific immunoglobulin Diphtheria anti-toxin Tetanus anti-toxin

Answer 17

``` Placental transfer of IgG Colostral transfer of IgA Human normal immunoglobulin Human specific immunoglobulin Disease-specific immunoglobulin ```

Answer 18

Treatment with immunoglobulin | Immune cells

Answer 19

Gives immediate protection

Answer 20

Short-term effect Serum sickness Graft vs host disease

Answer 21

Febrile illness Pregnancy Allergy Immunocompromised

Answer 22

``` Health of traveller Previous immunisation and prophylaxis Area to be visited Duration of visit Accommodation Activities Remote areas Recent outbreaks ```

Answer 23

``` Care with food/water Hand washing Sunburn/sunstroke Altitude RTAs Safe sex Mosquitoes ```

Answer 24

``` Tetanus Polio Typhoid Hepatitis A Yellow fever Cholera ```

Answer 25

``` Meningococcus ACWY Rabies Diphtheria Japanese B encephalitis Tick borne encephalitis ```

Answer 26

Chemoprophylaxis against malaria Post-exposure prophylaxis HIV post-exposure prophylaxis Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis

Answer 27

A - awareness of risk B - bite prevention C - chemoprophylaxis D - diagnosis and treatment

Answer 28

Cover up at dawn and dusk Insect repellent sprays/lotions Mosquito coils Permethrin-impregnated mosquito nets

Answer 29

Malarone daily Mefloquine weekly Doxycycline daily Chloroquine weekly and proquanil daily for vivax, ovale and malariae

Answer 30

History of psychosis or epilepsy | Side effects of psychosis and nightmares

Answer 31

Any illness occurring within 1 year, and especially within 3 months, of return might be malaria Patients should seek medical attention if they become ill, particularly within the 3 months