Immunity 1st, 2nd, 3rd Flashcards
(32 cards)
What type of immunity is referred to as the body’s non-specific defense mechanism?
a) Innate Immunity
b) Adaptive Immunity
c) Acquired Immunity
d) Passive Immunity
a) Innate Immunity
Which of the following is an example of a physiological process in innate immunity?
a) Vomiting
b) Antibody production
c) Memory cell formation
d) Vaccination
a) Vomiting
What role does normal flora play in the first line of defense?
a) They act as physical barriers
b) They produce antibodies
c) They compete with pathogens, preventing their colonization
d) They trigger inflammatory responses
c) They compete with pathogens, preventing their colonization
Which chemical defense is characterized by a low pH that helps to protect the body?
a) Salts in cerumen
b) Fatty acids in sebaceous glands
c) Acids in the stomach
d) Oxygen tension
c) Acids in the stomach
How does cilia contribute to the body’s defense?
a) By trapping and removing pathogens from the respiratory tract
b) By lowering the body temperature
c) By producing sebum
d) By raising the pH in the stomach
a) By trapping and removing pathogens from the respiratory tract
Which process is responsible for the mechanical removal of pathogens from the body?
a) Defecation
b) Antibody production
c) Memory cell formation
d) Vaccination
a) Defecation
Which of the following is responsible for promoting innate immunity and is secreted in the second line of defense?
a) Hydrolytic enzymes
b) Complement proteins
c) Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
d) Acute Reactants
c) Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) in the second line of defense primarily functions to:
a) Promote innate immunity
b) Kill tumor cells
c) Promote elimination of pathogens through cell lysis
d) Activate NK cells
b) Kill tumor cells
Which substance promotes the inflammatory response and is secreted as part of the second line of defense?
a) Interleukin 1 (IL-1)
b) Interferons
c) Acute Reactants
d) NK cells
a) Interleukin 1 (IL-1)
other name for IFN-a
Leukocyte IFN
Epithelial Fibroblast IFN also known as
IFN-B
IFN-Y other name
Immune IFN
CD marker for HIV
CD+4 or T Helper Cells
Which interferon has the function for Anti-Viral?
IFN-B
What is the primary function of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in the body?
a) Removal of cholesterol
b) Protease inhibitor
c) Opsonization & complement activation
d) Clot formation
c) Opsonization & complement activation
Which acute-phase reactant has the fastest response time?
a) Serum amyloid A
b) Alpha₁-antitrypsin
c) C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
d) Ceruloplasmin
c) C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Which of the following acute-phase reactants is primarily responsible for clot formation?
a) Haptoglobin
b) Fibrinogen
c) Complement C3
d) Serum amyloid A
b) Fibrinogen
What is the normal concentration range of Alpha₁-antitrypsin in mg/dl?
a) 0.5
b) 3.0
c) 200-400
d) 40-200
c) 200-400
Which acute-phase reactant is known for binding copper and oxidizing iron?
a) Ceruloplasmin
b) Complement C3
c) Mannose-binding protein
d) Serum amyloid A
Ceruloplasmin
hat is the function of Serum amyloid A during the acute phase response?
a) Protease inhibitor
b) Binds hemoglobin
c) Removal of cholesterol
d) Complement activation
Removal Of Chelesterol
Which acute-phase reactant has a response time of 48-72 hours and is involved in complement activation and lysis?
a) Complement C3
b) Alpha₁-antitrypsin
c) Haptoglobin
d) Mannose-binding protein
Complement C3
What is the function of Mannose-binding protein in the immune response?
a) Opsonization
b) Complement activation
c) Binds copper
d) Protease inhibition
complement activation
The enhancement of phagocytosis through opsonization involves which molecules?
a) C3b, IgG1, and IgG3
b) PRRs and PAMPS
c) Nitric Oxide
d) Oxygen-independent mechanisms
C3b, IgG1, and IgG3
Which of the following phagocytes is the first to react to an antigen or infection?
a) Monocytes
b) Dendritic Cells
c) Neutrophils / Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils (PMNs)
d) Macrophages
c) Neutrophils / Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils (PMNs)
