Immunity and Disease Terms

Question 1

Inflammatory response that protects body against infection

Answer 1

2nd line of defense

Question 2

Immune response in which antibodies take action against foreign cells

Answer 2

3rd line of defense

Question 3

Immunity to disease from either exposure to a pathogen or vaccination

Answer 3

Active immunity

Question 4

Any substance that causes an allergic reaction

Answer 4

Allergens

Question 5

A protein produced by B-cells in response to the presence of an antigen (bacterium or virus)

Answer 5

Antibodies

Question 6

A protein on the surface is a pathogen that stimulates the production of antibodies

Answer 6

Antigens

Question 7

A chronic disease which occurs when the body fails to recognize its own “self” tissue and launches an attack, causing repeated inflammation

Answer 7

Autoimmune disease

Question 8

A type of white blood cell that forms in the bone marrow and creates antibodies in response to specific antigens

Answer 8

B-cells

Question 9

Single-celled, often parasitic microbes without distinct nuclei; cause a variety of infections

Answer 9

Bacteria

Question 10

A soft reddish substance inside flat bones that is involves in the production of blood cells

Answer 10

Bone marrow

Question 11

Surface proteins on cells that distinguish them as “self “ or “non-self”

Answer 11

Cell markers

Question 12

A group of proteins that assist antibodies in the fight against pathogens

Answer 12

Complement system

Question 13

Body temperature that is abnormally high, usually caused by bacterial or viral infections

Answer 13

Fever

Question 14

Overall activity of the body’s immune system following the arrival of a disease-causing agent

Answer 14

Immune response

Question 15

A combination of cells and organs that defend the body against attaches from foreign substances and agents

Answer 15

Immune system

Question 16

The body’s ability to resist a particular disease, whether existing naturally or as the result of a vaccination or previous infection

Answer 16

Immunity

Question 17

proteins that act like antibodies and are produced by white blood cells during an immune response

Answer 17

Immunoglobulins

Question 18

(Latin: “inflammation” - to set on fire) the process by which the buddy responds to invasion by harmful organisms or substances. During this time, the body attempts to wall of or contain the invasion at the point of entry. Blood flow to the area increases. White blood cells move in and attempts to ingest and disable the invader

Answer 18

Inflammatory response

Question 19

A complex protein that is produced in response to attack by a virus

Answer 19

Interferon

Question 20

Blood proteins that help inflammation, blood pressure control, coagulation, and pain

Answer 20

Kinins

Question 21

Burst

Answer 21

Lyse

Question 22

The fluid-like plasma in blood that contains the lymphocytes of the immune system

Answer 22

Lymph

Question 23

Small, bean-shaped structures strung along the lymph vessels that store cells, and fight infection and disease

Answer 23

Lymph nodes

Question 24

The network of vessels that transport lymph all over the body

Answer 24

Lymph vessels

Question 25

Small white blood cells that are major components of the immune system; the main types are T- and B-lymphocytes

Answer 25

Lymphocytes

Question 26

Large white blood cells present in the blood, lymph, and connective tissues; remove waste, harmful microbes, and foreign material

Answer 26

Macrophages

Question 27

B-cells that live longer, thus " remember" specific antigens responded to in the past

Answer 27

Memory B-cells

Question 28

An organism too small to be seen with the naked eye. Bacteria, protozoans, viruses, microscopic algae, and some types of fungi.

Answer 28

Microbe (microorganism)

Question 29

A type of cytotoxic leukocyte; plays a major role in the rejection of tumors and cells infected by viruses. The cells kill by releasing cytoplasmic granules of proteins that cause the target cell to die by bursting or necrosis

Answer 29

Natural cell killers

Question 30

Antibodies passed from maternal blood to fetal blood or through the colostrum from baby's first breastfeeding

Answer 30

Natural maternal immunity

Question 31

An animal or plant that lives in or on a host (another animal or plant); it obtains nourishment from the host without benefiting the host

Answer 31

Parasite

Question 32

Worm-like organisms that love and feed off living hosts, receiving nourishment and protection while disrupting their hosts' nutrient absorption, and causing weakness and disease; unlike external parasites such as lice and fleas, they live unused their host

Answer 32

Parasitic worms (herminthes)

Question 33

Immunity form disease acquired by the transfer of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus through the placenta

Answer 33

Passive immunity

Question 34

Microbes that can cause disease (viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites)

Answer 34

Pathogens

Question 35

White blood cell that engulf and ingest foreign particles, cellular debris, and microbes

Answer 35

Phagocytes

Question 36

The process of engulfing and ingesting microbes and cellular debris

Answer 36

Phagocytosis

Question 37

Large B-cells that have been exposed to antigens, and produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies which assist in destruction of microbes by binding to them making them easier targets for phagocytes

Answer 37

Plasma cells

Question 38

The bone marrow and thymus (where lymphocytes develop)

Answer 38

Primary lymphoid organs

Question 39

A vascular, ductless organ tucked under the diaphragm and protected by the ribs on the upper left abdomen; it is a reservoir of blood that removes old red blood cells and help fight infection

Answer 39

Spleen

Question 40

"Generic" cells that have the ability to produce specialized cells for various tissues in the body, such as heart muscle, brain tissues, liver tissue, ect.

Answer 40

Stem cells

Question 41

White look cells, derived from the thymus, that are involved in rejecting foreign tissue, etc.

Answer 41

T-cells

Question 42

A mass of glanced tissue (lymphoid organ) found in the upper chest under the sternum; concerned with the protection of functional T-lymphocytes in the infancy and childhood

Answer 42

Thymus

Question 43

A substance given off by activated with blood cells that can cause the death of tumors cells; plays a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 43

Tumor necrosis factor

Question 44

Inoculation; a form of immunization in which dead or weakens microorganism safe placed into the body, where antibodies against them are developed

Answer 44

Vaccination

Question 45

A cellular infectious agents that cannot grow or reproduce outside of living cells; invade living cells and use their chemicals machinery to keep themselves alive and replicate

Answer 45

Virus

Question 46

Physical defense to protect the body against pathogens (skin, tears, mucous membranes

Answer 46

1st line of defense

Question 47

Hormones released during immune response which enhance the function of leukocytes

Answer 47

Lymphokines

Question 48

The spleen and lymph nodes (where immune response occur)

Answer 48

Secondary lymphoid organs