IMMUNITY & DEFENSE Flashcards
(28 cards)
Active immunity
Immunity that occurs when a person’s own immune system produces antibodies or other immune responses against a pathogen
Adaptive immunity
The part of the immune system that is highly specific to a particular pathogen and creates immunological memory
Antibody
A protein produced by B cells that binds specifically to an antigen
Antigen
A substance that triggers an immune response
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death
Complement
A system of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism’s circulation
Cytokine
A small protein released by cells that has a specific effect on the interactions or communications between cells
Disease
A disorder of structure or function in a human animal or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury
Edema
Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body’s tissues
Fever
An abnormally high body temperature
Infection
The invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce
Inflammation
3 A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection
Innate immunity
The part of the immune system that is non specific and provides a rapid response to pathogens
Interferon (IFN)
A signaling protein made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses
Lysosome
An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane
Macrophage
A large phagocytic cell found in stationary form in the tissues or as a mobile white blood cell, especially at sites of infection
Memory cell
A long-lived lymphocyte capable of responding to a particular antigen on its reintroduction long after the initial exposure
Microbe
A microorganism especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation
Passive immunity
Immunity that occurs when a person receives antibodies from another source rather than producing them through their own immune system
Pathogen
A bacterium virus or other microorganism that can cause disease
Pathogenicity
The ability of an organism to cause disease
Phagocyte
A type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles 9
Phagocytosis
The process by which a cell engulfs a solid particle
Plasma cell
A fully differentiated B cell that produces a single type of antibody
