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Immuno 7 WOW Flashcards

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1
Q

MOA of cyclosporine?

A

Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks the dfiferentiation and activation of T cells by inhibiting calcineurin (usually activates transcription of IL-2) -> prevents formation of IL-2.

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2
Q

Toxicity of cyclosporine?

A

Neprhotoxicity and HTN

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3
Q

MOA of Tacrolimus?

A

Binds to FK-binding protein -> inibits calcineurin and prevents secretion of IL-2

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4
Q

Toxicity of Tacrolimus?

A

Nephrotoxicity, HTN, Neurotoxicity

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5
Q

MOA of Sirolimus (rapamycin)?

A

Binds FKBP-12 -> inhibits mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) -> inhibition of T-cell prolif.

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6
Q

MOA of Azthioprine?

A

Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine that interferes w/ the metab and synth of nucleic acids. Toxic to lymphocytes

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7
Q

Toxicity of Azathioprine?

A

Bone marrow suppression bc can’t make rapidly divding cells.

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8
Q

How is Azathioprine metabolized? What does that mean?

A

Metabolized by xanthine oxidase thus, toxic effects may be increased by allopurinol

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9
Q

MOA of Muromonab?

A

Monoclonal antibody that binds to CD3 on surface of T cells -> blocks cellular interaction w/ CD3 protein responsible for T-cell signal transduction

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10
Q

Toxicity of Muromonab?

A

Hypersensitivity rxn

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11
Q

MOA of Dicluzumab?

A

High affinity for IL-2 Receptors (CD25) on T-cells

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12
Q

MOA of Micofinolate?

A

Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase -> no guanine can be made so no rapidly dividing cells can be made.

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13
Q

Uses of Micofinolate?

A

Transplant and Lupus nephritis

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14
Q

What are the Immunosuppressants used for transplants?

A

Cyclosporines, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, Azathioprine, Murmonab, Dicluzumab, Micofinolate.

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15
Q

Muromonab target and use?

A

CD3. Prevent acute transplant rejection

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16
Q

Digoxin immune Fab target and use?

A

Digoxin. Antidote for digoxin intoxication

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17
Q

Infliximab, Adalimumab, Etanercept target and use?

A

TNF-a. Crohn’s, RA, seronegative arthritis (PAIR disease)

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18
Q

Abciximab target and use?

A

Glycoprotein Iib/IIIa on platelets. Prevent cardiac ischemia, unstable angina, after stent.

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19
Q

Trastuzumab target and use?

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A

HER2. HER2-overexpressing breast cancer

20
Q

Rituximab target and use?

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A

CD20. B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

21
Q

Omalizumab target and use?

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A

IgE. Sevre asthma

22
Q

Transplant rejection types?

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A
  1. Hyperacute. 2. Acute. 3. Chronic. 4. Graft vs. Host. All on FA 208
23
Q

Aldesleukin: cytokine and use?

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A

IL-2. Renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma.

24
Q

Epoetin alfa: cytokine and use?

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A

EPO. Anemias esp in renal failure

25
Filgrastim and Sargramostim: cytokine and use?
IL-3 and granulocyte-CSF. Recovery of BM
26
a-IFN use
Hepatitis B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, leukemias, malignant melanoma
27
B-IFN use
multiple sclerosis
28
gamma-IFN use
chornic granulomatous disease. Optimize MO and phagocytes
29
Oprelvekin: cytokine and use?
IL-11. Thrombocytopenia
30
Thrombopoietin use?
Thrombocytopenia
31
Cytokines secretd by MO?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-12, TNF-a
32
Cytokines secreted by all T-cells?
Il-2 and IL-3
33
Cytokines secreted from Th1 cells?
IFN-gamma
34
Cytokines secretd by Th2 cells?
IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
35
Cytokine that promotes B cell growth and differentiation?
IL-4 and IL-5
36
Function of IL-5?
Promotes differentiation of B cells. Stimulates growth of eosinophils. Enhances class-switching to IgA. "snot producer"
37
Fever inducing cytokines?
IL-1, IL-6, TNF-a
38
Function of IL-10?
Inhibits actions of T cells, Th1 cells, and MO
39
Function of IL-4?
Induces differentiation into Th2 cells, promotes growth of B-cells, enhances class switching to IgE and IgG
40
Fucnction of IFN-gamma?
Activates MO and Th1 cells. Suppresses Th2 cells.
41
Function of IL-2?
Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells
42
Function of IL-3?
Spports growth and differentiation of BM stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF
43
Function of IL-8?
Cemotactic factor for neutrohils
44
Chemotactic factors for neutrophils?
IL-8, C5a, LTB4
45
Functnio of IL-12?
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells. Activates NK cells. Secreted by B cells too
46
Function of TNF-a
Mediates SEPTIC SHOCK and causes leukocyte recruitment

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