immunoanalysis Flashcards
immunoanalysis
analytical methods using high affinity specific binding proteins.
immunoassays (elisa, eia)
a test that uses the binding of antibodies to antigens to identify and measure certain substances. assays using antibodies as specific binding reagents
applications- clinical diagnostics, food and env testing, forensics, drugs development
antibodies
the presence of immunogens or antigens triggers the immune system of the host into making antibodies. Ab- a protein that recognises the Ag, naturally produced by the hosts plasma cells
Ab-Ag complex
initiates other immune reactions to destroy the invading foreign molecule
IgA
found in mucosa, saliva, tears, and breast milk. protects against pathogens
IgD
Found on mature B cells. Activates basophils and mast cells
IgE
Protects against parasitic worms. responsible for allergic reactions.
IgG
Secreted by plasma cells in the blood. Able to cross the placenta into the foetus
IgM
May be attached to the surface of a B cell or secreted in the blood. responsible for early stages of immunity
antigen
substance that elicits an immune response & reacts with Ab
epitope
Region of Ag that interacts with Ab
protein antigen (aa)
Continues: stretch of AAs directly linked in the sequence of protein
Discontinues: AAs are separate from one another in the primary linear sequence
paratope (antigen binding site)
composed of 50 AA residues across both variable segments of H & L chains of antibody
Hapten
molecule of low molecular weight and is non-antigenic. Can be conjugated to large proteins(bovine serum albumin) to produce an immunogen used to generate Ab against hapten
