Immunochemical Techniques Flashcards Preview

Liz's Clinical Chemistry Module 3 > Immunochemical Techniques > Flashcards

Flashcards in Immunochemical Techniques Deck (33)
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1
Q

Competitive formats use ____ reagents (Ab or other Ag binder)

A

Limited

2
Q

Noncompetitive formats use ____ reagents (Ab or other Ag binder) and are two-site or “____” assays

A

Excess; sandwich

3
Q

What does it mean that competitive immunoassays are simultaneous?

A

All reactants are mixed together simultaneously or at the same time

4
Q

Simultaneous competitive immunoassay

- Principle

A

Labeled and unlabeled Ag compete for a limited number of binding sites on an Ab titer
- Avidity for Ab is the same for both

5
Q

Simultaneous competitive immunoassay

- Proportionality observed b/w bound labeled and unlabeled Ag concentrations

A

The probability of labeled Ag binding to the Ab binder is inversely proportional to unlabeled Ag

6
Q

Simultaneous competitive immunoassay

- Examples of tests

A
  • RIA
  • FIA
  • EIA
7
Q

Noncompetitive immunoassay

- Principle

A

A captured Ab is bound to a solid phase. Unlabeled Ag reacts with the solid phase Ab, then there’s a washing step. Labeled Ab is added; it reacts with the unbound Ag on a 2nd and distinct epitope. Another washing step occurs, and the amount of the bound label is determined

8
Q

Noncompetitive immunoassay

- Proportionality observed b/w bound labeled and unlabeled Ag concentrations

A

Directly proportional

9
Q

What is the difference of a heterogeneous immunoassays from homogeneous immunoassays?

A
  • Heterogeneous require a separation step to separate the bound label from the free, unbound reactants
  • Homogeneous do not require a separation step
10
Q

EMIT

- What does it stand for?

A

Enzyme-Multiplied Immunoassay Technique

11
Q

EMIT

- What does it detect?

A

Change in absorbance after adding substrate

12
Q

EMIT

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Homogeneous

13
Q

EMIT

- Proportionality

A

Direct

14
Q

ELISA

- What does it stand for?

A

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

15
Q

ELISA

- What does it detect?

A

Change in absorbance

16
Q

ELISA

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Heterogeneous

17
Q

ELISA

- Proportionality

A

Direct or indirect

18
Q

MEIA

- What does it stand for?

A

Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay

19
Q

MEIA

- What does it detect?

A

Fluorescence

20
Q
  • *MEIA**

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Heterogeneous

21
Q

MEIA

- Proportionality

A

Direct

22
Q

FIA

- What does it stand for?

A

Fluorescent immunoassays

23
Q

FIA

- What does it detect?

A

Fluorescence

24
Q

FIA

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Heterogeneous

25
Q

FIA

- Proportionality

A

Direct or indirect

26
Q

FPIA

- What does it stand for?

A

Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay

27
Q

FPIA

- What does it detect?

A

Plane polarized light

28
Q

FPIA

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Homogeneous

29
Q

FPIA

- Proportionality

A

Indirect

30
Q

FPIA

- Most common fluorescent label

A

FITC

31
Q

Chemiluminescence

- What does it detect?

A

Visible light produced from labels after a base is added and is measured by a luminometer

32
Q

Chemiluminescence

- Proportionality

A

Direct

33
Q

Chemiluminescence

- Two common labels

A
  • Luminol

- Acridinium ester