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Immunology Block 2 > Immunogens & Antigens > Flashcards

Immunogens & Antigens Flashcards

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1
Q

adaptive immunity

A

cellular immunity

humoral immunity

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2
Q

immunogen

A

something that induces an immune response

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3
Q

antigen

A

the targets of the immune response

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4
Q

lymphocyte is part of what response

A

adaptive/specific response

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5
Q

DC stands for

A

dendritic cell

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6
Q

APC stands for

A

antigen presenting cell

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7
Q

what is role of plasma cell

A

make antibody

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8
Q

what are the memory cells

A

CD4 Th
CD8 CTL
B cells

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9
Q

what are three key players in adaptive immumity

A

CD4 helpter T
CD8 cytotoxic T cells
B cells - antibodies

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10
Q

what is the target for HIV infection

A

CD4 T cells

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11
Q

CD4 helper T cell will do what

A

take B cells and activate them sothey becme antibodies

activate CD8 cytotoxic T cells

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12
Q

b cell effector means

A

make antibodies against you

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13
Q

cd8 cytotoxic t cell effector means

A

im going to kill you

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14
Q

when you get particular pathogen (can be anything, viruses, bacteria, etc) it will fill the role of a

A

immunogen

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15
Q

any virus or bacteria will have a variety of proteins that will be what and what does this do

A

immunogens

makes a bunch of responses

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16
Q

APC is recognized, internalzied, process

A

and then presented to T cell

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17
Q

how do you present to helper t cells

A

once APC has internalized virus, process and on the surface of MHC class II you present to the T cell

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18
Q

what are examples of APC cell

A

macrophages or dendritic cells

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19
Q

DC stand for

A

dendritic cells

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20
Q

mφ stand for

A

macrophage

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21
Q

T cell sees the antigen within the context of

A

antigen MHC combo

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22
Q

what is required for t cell to be activated

A

Ag/MHC complex presented to it

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23
Q

activation of t cell means becoming

A

becoming functional t cell

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24
Q

what is on surface of b cell to recongize an antigen

A

b cell receptor

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25
b cell receptor is what
antibody
26
What is TCR
t cell receptor
27
what does TCR recognize
viral epitope on a APC
28
B cell receptor is antibody and where is it
stuck in membrane of B cell (but it can also be soluble)
29
how does T cell recongize antigen
MHC class II
30
B cells see antigens as
they don't need MHC | they recognize the immunogen themselves
31
BCR stands for what
b cell receptor
32
BCR is what
antibody on surface of b cell
33
activated b cell can receive help from
CD4 Th cell
34
what is effector cell of B cell
plasma cells
35
antibody on surface of b cell wonce it recognizes a virus what does it do
differentiates into plasma and release the antibodies out | some of them become memory so it can be fast if there is another infection
36
some helper T cells become
memory CD4 Th cells
37
secondary immune resonse
second time you're sick or any time after that
38
activated CD8 becomes
effector cell | become CD8 CTL (cytotoxic T cell)
39
what does effector CD8 do
kills | find infected cell, kill it
40
how do cytotoxic t cells recognize viral epitopes
class I MHC cells present the viral epitope
41
some CTL become
memory
42
what does Ig stand for
antibody
43
epitope is the same as
antigenic determinant
44
t cells will only see epitope in context of
MHC
45
b cells will see epitope
direclty - can recognize virus and bacteria as they are, they dont need anything else
46
t cells only recognize antigen on MHC but what else
on my own body's cells
47
what is hapten
tiny thing that gets attached to a protein and makes it an immunogen. it's too small to be an immunogen but when it attaches to a protein it becomes an immunogen
48
what important hapten is important in medicine
penicillin
49
all immunogens are
antigens
50
not all antigens are
immunogens
51
immunogen is capable of
turning on the immune system
52
epitope is what
the thing that is actually in contact with the antibody
53
every antigen has at least one
epitope
54
another word for epitope
antigenic determinant
55
t cell receptors can only recognize what kind of epitope
linear epitope presented by MHC
56
antigens have multiple
epitopes
57
once haptens bind a carrier molecule (protein) it becomes
immunogenic
58
antigens - describe the epitopes they can ahve
they can have different epitopes or repeat the same epitopes | but an epitope can only recognize one specific thing
59
what is example of glycolipid
the antigen on our blood - A has different antigens than B blood type
60
whatwhat is example of polysaccharide is example of glycoprotein
influenza virus hemagglutininbacterial capsular polysaccharide
61
polysaccharides they will not be precessed by
t cells
62
t cells will only look at what kind of epitope
linear epitopes
63
t cells will not look at
polysaccharides
64
discontinuous vs. conformational epitope
pg 21
65
in reality of t cells and t cell receptors, entire antigen taken down and then waht happens
broken down into small peptide fragments, and then the peptide fragment (linear t cell epitope) binds to MHC molecule and then presented to TCR
66
majority of t cells will recognize what chemical nature of antigens
proteins | sometimes lipids and glycoproteins, but mostly proteins
67
diazo arsanilic acid is example of a
hapten
68
if you inject hapten carrier conjugate into rabbit to make antibodies what will happen
it will make three different types of antibodies - antibody against hapten, against carrier, and against hapten-carrier neoepitope
69
antihapten antibodies and the specificity
they are incredibly specific. so if you give antiserum against aminobenzene, it will not work against o-aminobenozic acid - so you can chagne just one position and it won't work. they are very specific
70
penicillin is ex of a
hapten
71
penicillin molecule can attach to a
protein
72
how does penicillin attach to protein
covalently attached
73
people who allergic to penicillin
have antibody against the penicilin attached to protein
74
CD stands for
cluster of differentiation
75
CD3
t cell receptor - works with t cell receptor, found in all t cells
76
CD4
helper T cell
77
CD8
cytotoxic kill t cell
78
CD19
b cell
79
CD56
NK cell
80
CD34?
HSC | hematopoentic stem cell
81
CD95
Fas
82
list the heirarchy of immunogenicity
``` high: foreign proteins & glycoproteins polysaccharides nucleic acids, phospholipids haptens (low) ```

Immunology Block 2 (7 decks)

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