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Differential Dx > Immunolgoic Screening > Flashcards

Immunolgoic Screening Flashcards

1
Q

stiffness that begins in the morning but then is relieved with activity is called _______

A

gel phenomenon

-common with rheumatic disorders

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2
Q

swelling needs to be distinguished as articular (______), periarticular (_____), entire limb (______), or in another area (_____).

A
  • arthritis
  • tenosynovitis
  • lymphedema
  • lipoma or palpable tumor
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3
Q

Clinical Presentation of rheumatic disorders

A

stiffness, joint pain, swelling, weakness, Raynaud’s phenomenon, nail bed changes

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4
Q

fever, sweats chronic diarrhea, fatigue, oral infections, HA, vaginal candidiasis, cough, SOB, cutaneous changes suggest ______

A

Early HIV

  • these people are vulnerable to infection
  • 25-44 is common age
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5
Q

Prostitution, men & men sexual contact, injection use, blood recipients, dialysis recipients, organ recipient all are risk factors for ______

A

HIV

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6
Q

those with HIV may remain asymptomatic for up to ______

A

10 years

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7
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma, HTN, opportunistic disease (persistent cough, fever, easy bruising, atrophy, weakness, back pain), poor wound healing, HIV dementia, distal symmetric polyneuropathy all suggest ________

A

Advanced Symptomatic HIV Infections

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8
Q

Difficulty w/ concentration/memory, personality changes, HA, seizures, paralysis, motor dysfunction, gradual weakness of extremities, numbness, tingling, radiculopathy all suggest ________

A

HIV Neurologic Disease

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9
Q

Type ____ Hypersensitivity refers to allergies, IgE, histamine

A

Type 1
-Anaphylaxis is the most dramatic and devastating form. Will appear w/ itching, edema, sneezing, hives, labored breathing, cramping, tachycardia, palpitations

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10
Q

Type __ hypersensitivity is caused by production of autoantibodies against self cells or tissue that have some form of foreign protein attached to them

A

Type 2

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11
Q

HA, back (flank) pain, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia and hypotension, hematuria, urticaria suggest ______

A

type 2 hypersensitivity

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12
Q

Type __ hypersensitivity results from formation or deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in tissues

A

Type 3

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13
Q

fever, arthralgia, synovitis, lymphadenopathy, urticaria, visceral inflammation suggest _______

A

type 3 hypersensitivity

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14
Q

itching, erythema, vesicular skin lesions, graft-versus-host disease, skin/GI/hepatic dysfunction suggest ________

A

type 4 hypersensitivity

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15
Q

_____ is a noninflammatory condition appearing w/ generalized MS pain in conjunction w/ tenderness to touch in a large number of specific areas

A

Fibromyalgia

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16
Q

The hallmark sign of myofascial pain syndrome is the _____

A

trigger point

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17
Q

childhood trauma, family issues, and/or physical/sexual abuse, stress, illness, disease all are risk factors for _____

A

fibromyalgia

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18
Q

aches and pain, stiffness, swelling in soft tissue, tender points, and muscle spasms/nodules all are symptoms of ____

A

fibromyalgia

-aggravated by cold, stress, excessive or no exercise, and physical activity

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19
Q

additional symptoms of fibromyalgia include:

A

fatigue, restless leg syndrome, tendinitis, temperature dysregulation, morning stiffness, paresthesia, mechanical LBP, dry eyes/mouth, urinary urgency, depression, cognitive difficulties, weight gain, premenstrual syndrome

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20
Q

_______ is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause that can affect various organs but predominantly involves the synovial tissues of the diarthrodial joints

A

RA

  • 2-3x more common in women
  • unclear cause, maybe hormones
21
Q

SERIOUS
Swelling in one or more joints, early morning stiffness, recurring pain, inability to move joint normally, obvious redness/warmth, unexplained weight loss, symptoms lasting more than 2 weeks suggest ______

A

RA

  • is Dx of exclusion
  • elevation of C-reactive protein and WBCs

-treat w/ immunosuppresives, and DMARDs

22
Q

_____ is a systemic rheumatic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause w/ stiffness, sudden insidious onset, linked to temperal arteritis

A

polymyalgia rheumatic

23
Q

proximal muscle pain/ache, stiffness early morning, weak, fatigue, malaise, low grade fever, HA, weight loss, depression, vision changes suggest ________

A

polymyalgia rheumatic

24
Q

______ is a autoimmune rheumatic disease which is chronic characterized by injury to skin, joionts, kidneys, heart and blood-forming organs, nervous system, and mucous membranes

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

  • butterfly rash
  • osteoporosis
  • avascular necrosis
  • women 10-15x as men
25
Q

Women, infections, antibiotics, medications, exposure to UV, extreme physical and emotional stress, pregnancy are risk factors for _______

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

26
Q

Constitutional symptoms, arthralgias, arthritis, skin rash, pulmonary involvement, anemia, kidney involvement, photosensitivity, hair loss, Raynaud’s, nervous involvement, ulcers suggest _____

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

27
Q

_____ is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of many body parts including skin, blood vessels, synovium, skeletal muscle, and kidneys, lungs, heart, GI

A

Scleroderma

  • can be Limited or Diffuse
  • often have taut skin or taut internal organs
28
Q

CREST

Calcinosis, Raynaud’s, Esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia all suggest ______

A

Limited Cutaneous Sclerosis (ISSc)

29
Q

Raynaud’s, skin changes, ulcerations, polyarthralgia, tendon friction rubs, flexion contractures, visceral involvement (lung disease, renal failure, GI, Myocardial, esophageal) suggest _______

A

Diffuse Cutaneous Sclerosis (dSSc)

30
Q

Insidious backache before age 30, episodes lasting months, pain increase after rest and decrease with movement, w/ family history suggests _______

A

spondyloarthropathy

-conditions include ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter’s syndrome, PsA, arthritis w/ IBD

31
Q

_____ is a chronic progressive inflammatory disorder of undetermined cause. more o fibrous tissue

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

  • insidious LBP more than 3 months
  • worse in morning
  • most severe the spine will become fused. prone to fracture
  • movement aggravates pain
32
Q

Intermittent LBP, sacroilitis, paravertebral spasm, lose lumbar lordosis, fever, fatigue, anorexia, anemia, painful C-spine motion suggests _____

A

early stage ankylosing spondylitis

33
Q

constant LBP, loss lumbar lordosis, ankyloses SI, muscle wasting, dorsocervical kyphosis, decreased chest expansion, arthritis of hips, hip flexion in standing suggests ______

A

advanced ankylosing spondylitis

34
Q

cauda equina syndrome, iritis or iridocysclitis, conjunctivitis, enthesitis, carditis, pericarditis, prostasis suggests _______

A

extraskeletal ankylosing spondylitis

35
Q

_______ is characterized by triad of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and nonspecific urethritis in the ages 20-40

A

Reiter’s syndrome

  • HLA-B27 may be involved
  • LBP and buttock pain common in reactive arthritis
36
Q

polyarthritis, SI joint changes, LBP, buttock pain, small joint involvement, plantar fasciitis, low-grade fever, urethritis, conjunctivitis, skin involvement, bowel infection, anorexia, weight loss suggests ________

A

Reiter’s Syndrome

37
Q

______ is a chronic recurrent, erosive, inflammatory arthritis associated w/ skin disease.

A

Psoriatic arthritis

38
Q

fever, fatigue, dystrophic nail changes, polyarthritis, psoriasis, sore fingers, DIP involvement, dactylitis, spondylitis, and iritis suggests _______

A

psoriatic arthritis

39
Q

______ is a disease which often occurs from deer tick infected w/ spiral bacterium. often see a bullseye rash, arthritis. neurologic involvement, and possibly cardiac involvement

A

Lyme Disease

-need fast treatment but its difficult to diagnose

40
Q

Red rash, flu symptoms, migratory MS pain, neuro symptoms, eye problems, heart abnormalities, arthritis, encephalopathy, neurocognitive dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy all suggest ________

A

Lyme Disease

41
Q

_______ is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS, ages 20-40, temperate climates

A

Multiple Sclerosis

42
Q

Unilateral visual impairment, paresthesias, ataxia, vertigo, fatigue, bowel/bladder, speech, optic neuritis, nystagmus, spasticity, hyperreflexia, Babinski, Lhermitte’s sign all suggest _______

A

Multiple sclerosis

43
Q

_________ is an acute acquired autoimmune disorder w/ demyelination of peripheral nervous system w/ abrupt onset of paralysis

A

Guillain-Barre

  • progressive 3-7 days
  • typically bilateral, progressive, symmetrical, ascending
  • CN’s can be involved
44
Q

Progressive/ascending/bilateral weakness, diminished deep tendon weakness, paresthesias, fever, malaise, and nausea suggest ______

A

Guillain-Barre

45
Q

______ develops for unknown reasons when antibodies produced by immune system block Ach receptors creating muscle dysfunction

A

Myastenia Gravis

-weakness and fatigue ability

46
Q

muscle fatigability, proximal weakness, ptosis, diplopia, dysarthria, bulbar involvement, alteration in voice quality, dysphagia, nasal regurgitation, choking, difficulty chewing all suggest _______

A

myasthenia gravis

47
Q

signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock

A

immediate medical attention

48
Q

new onset of joint pain w/ recent history of surgery

A

immediate medical attention

49
Q

dusky blue discoloration w/ tenderness over septic joint

A

immediate medical attention

Differential Dx (12 decks)

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