Immunology Flashcards
(33 cards)
Activates NK cells
IL-12
Results in recognition impairment
TLR3
IRAK4 and MYD88
IRAK4 or MYD88 deficiency can present with
Recurrent pyogenic bacterial infections.
No fever.
Lack of MyD88 or IRAK4 results in impaired signaling through?
TLRs and IL-1R
*Result=defect in NF-kB
TLR3 deficiency leads to
Decrease of Type 1 interferons.
Patients with TLR signaling dysfunction present with
Recurrent HSV-1 encephalitis.
Neisseria susceptibility from
Defect in Alternative pathway
C1 deficiency leads to
Inefficiency in clearing antibody antigen complexes.
Defect in terminal complement proteins result in
Neisseria infection
Factor 8 deficiency prevents
MAC complex from forming.
Factor I (H) deficiency leads to
immune defect.
I inactivates C3b which limits the formation of C3 converts enzyme (C3Bb).
Absence of I, depletes serum C3 levels. Results in recurrent bacterial infection.
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency presents with
Severe recurrent bacterial and fungal infections.
Deficiency in the neutrophils to be able to move out of blood vessels into tissue.
Also will have elevated WBC count.
Integrins are composed of
B2 chain (CD18)
In the absence of CD18,. . .?
Neutrophils do not extravasate.
Chronic granulomatous disease and Chediak-Higashi syndrome occur because?
Of an inability to destroy engulfed pathogens.
Chronic granulomatous disease results from a defect in
NADPH oxidase enzyme. Impairs production of hydrogen peroxide and other superoxides.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
is a defect in intravesucular trafficking.
PRRs detect
viral nucleic acid and stimulate the secretion of IFN alpha and beta.
Do NK cells have granules?
Yes
TCR do not recognize our cells.. . explain
T-cells must see MHC
If a virus inhibits MHC to live from T cells, then NK cells will eat them.
So if a NK cells sees MHC1, then it will let it live.
NK cells do not have a
TCR- so no antigen activation required.
2 categories of NK cell receptors
Ig-like
Lectin like
Activating versus inhibiting depends on the presence of signaling motifs in the cytoplasmic tails of receptors
ITIMS and ITAMS
Very potent activating signal for NK cells
Binding of CD16
