immunology

Question 1

quantitative

Answer 1

number observations, -50 kg, 2m

Question 2

qualitative

Answer 2

non numerical, acute, large

Question 3

sensitivity

Answer 3

how a test will pick up a small amount of Ab or any other agent in biologic fluid

Question 4

specificity

Answer 4

ability of test to give a +rxn only in an animal that has a Dz which a test is measuring

Question 5

false +

Answer 5

wrongly assigns animal into a category

Question 6

false -

Answer 6

wrongly excludes animal from a category

Question 7

Ab tests

Answer 7

Ag will bind to Ab

Question 8

Ag tests

Answer 8

Ab will bind to Ag

Question 9

ELISA

Answer 9

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Question 10

ELISA tests for

Answer 10

Ab or Ag, affordable, ease and timing

Question 11

most common ELISA used in practice

Answer 11

idexx

Question 12

CELISA

Answer 12

competitive ELISA, if Ag is in sample it competes with enzyme labeled Ag and coats test wells

Question 13

competitive ELISAs are used to test for

Answer 13

EIA

Question 14

latex agglutination test

Answer 14

small, spherical latex particles coated in Ag

Question 15

positive latex ag. test

Answer 15

clumping will occur

Question 16

RIM

Answer 16

rapid immunomigration, lateral flow immunoassay

Question 17

AGID

Answer 17

antibody agar gel immunodiffusion, no band = no Ab

Question 18

RIA

Answer 18

radioimmunoassay, similar to CELISA except it has radioisotope, add patient serum, used for hormone levels

Question 19

Fab

Answer 19

fluorescent antibody testing, detects Ab, anything that glows in positive

Question 20

coombs testing

Answer 20

detects presence of inappropriate Ab against body’s own tissue

Question 21

direct coombs

Answer 21

Ab against own RBCs, tests for AIHA, agglutination is positive

Question 22

indirect coombs

Answer 22

circulating Ab

Question 23

antibody titers

Answer 23

serology, active infection vs prior exposure, evaluate need for revax, requires serial dilution

Question 24

high titer

Answer 24

active infection

Question 25

low titer

Answer 25

previous infection

Question 26

titers do not differentiate between

Answer 26

vaccine status and exposure

Question 27

DNA tests can identify

Answer 27

cancers, genetic defects, pedigrees, bacterial contaminants in food

Question 28

advantages in DNA tests

Answer 28

increased sensitivity and specificity, small samples with faster results

Question 29

disadvantages of DNA tests

Answer 29

contamination gives false positives, high level of expertise