IMMUNOLOGY

Question 1

What is innate immunity

Answer 1

physical barriers, cellular components that are inbuilt and do not develop with exposure.

Question 2

what is adaptive immunity

Answer 2

matures only after exposure to pathogens. This is linked to immunological specificity and memory

Question 3

what is autoimmunity

Answer 3

where normal components are mistakenly seen as foreign leading to the body attacking itself.

Question 4

what are some exterior defence examples

Answer 4

physical barrier, fatty acids, acid, rapid pH change, flushing urinary tract.

Question 5

outline innate immunity response

Answer 5

receptors sense that a pathogen is present. Complement molecules in blood help to destroy pathogens. Destruction is carried out by myeloid cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and basophils

Question 6

link between macrophages and phagocytes

Answer 6

macrophages send chemical signal for blood clotting elements and phagocytic cells to leave the bloodstream and help a cut in the skin.

Question 7

what is the haematopoietic stem cell

Answer 7

the haematopoietic stem cell is the common precursor of all immune cells in the body. They replicate themselves while retaining the ability to differentiate. They are found in adult and children bone marrow. They can follow myeloid differentiation or lymphoid differentiation.

Question 8

where are t cells matured

Answer 8

the thymus

Question 9

CD4 t cell is

Answer 9

helper t cell

Question 10

CD8 t cell is

Answer 10

cytotoxic t cell

Question 11

CD4 t cell recognises

Answer 11

MHC class 2 groove

Question 12

CD8 t cell recognises

Answer 12

MHC class 1 groove