Immunotherapy

Question 1

Immunotherapy

Answer 1

It is the treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing or suppressing the immune response.

Question 2

Classification of immunetherapy

Answer 2

Immunosuppressive therapy
Immuno modulation therapy
Hyperimmune sera
Adoptive cell therapy
Monoclonal ab
Oncolytic virus therapy
Chimeric ag receptor t cell therapy
Cancer immunotherapy/ vaccines

Question 3

Immunosuppressive therapy

Answer 3

It is very useful in minimizing the occurence impact of deleterious effect of exagerrated or inappropriate immune response

Question 4

Indications of immuno suppressive therapy

Answer 4

1. Hypersensitivity
2. Autoimmune disorder
   3 . Malignancy
3. Prevention of solid organ or bone marrow transplant rejection

Question 5

Agents used in immunosuppressive therapy

Answer 5

Glucocorticoids
Cyclosporine
Azathioprine
Thalidamide
Cyclophospnamide
Antilymphocyte globulin
Monoclonal ab

Question 6

MECH of action of glucocorticoids

Answer 6

Interferes with cell cycle of activated lymphoid cells
Modifies cellular function
Cmi is more affected than hi
They also have got anti inflammatiry properties

Question 8

Immuno modulation therapy

Answer 8

These agents modulate or enhance immune response.
They increase the immune responsiveness of the pt who has either selective or generalised immunodeficiency

Question 9

Indications of immuno modulation therapy

Answer 9

Aids
Ch inflammatory disease
Cancer

Question 10

Agents used in immuno modulation therapy

Answer 10

1.Cytokines: a ifn , b ifn, v ifn
2.Granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor
3.Tnf a in malignancy eg melanoma
4.Cytokine inhibitors- for inflammation and septic shock

Question 11

Agents to prevent immunological reactions to drugs

Answer 11

1. Glucocorticoid prevents release of histamine
2. Epinephrine opposes histamine
3. Theophyline
4. Catecholamine
5. Adrenalin- drug of choice in anaphylactic shock

Question 12

Cancer immunotherapy

Answer 12

1. Prevents or slows the growth of cancer cells
2. Prevents spreading of cancer
3. Helps the immune system to work better at destroying cancer cells

Question 13

Types of cancer immunotherapy

Answer 13

Monoclonal ab
Non specific immunotherapy
Oncolytic virus therapy
T cell therapy
Cancer vaccine

Question 14

Monoclonal ab

Answer 14

They are the ab that arise from a single class of b cells against a specific ag
It is secreted from hybridoma
Hybridoma are hybrid cells which are produced in the laboratory by fusing ab producing b cells with myeloma cells

Question 15

Use of monoclonal abs as therapeutic agent

Answer 15

Treatment of cancer
Treatment of autoimmune disorders eg. Crohns disease
To suppress immune reaction in transplantation

Question 16

T cell therapy

Answer 16

For this some t cells are removed from pts blood
Then the cells are changed in a lab so they have specific receptors. These receptors allow the t cells to recognise cancer cells

Question 17

Cancer vaccines

Answer 17

This triggers the immune system to recognize and destroy the ag on cancer cells
2 types of cancer vaccines
1.Preventive or prophylactic vaccine: given to individuals to prevent occurrence of cancer
2. Treatment or therapeutic vaccine: to boost immune system
Eg. Of prevention is hep b vaccine to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma caused by hep b virus
Human papilloma virus vaccine to prevent cervical carcinoma
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