Impact of the depression Flashcards
(26 cards)
What 5 industries was unemployment highest in, in the 1930’s?
Coal, Steel, Iron, Cotton & Shipbuilding
By 1932, what % of Miners and Shipbuilders were unemployed?
34.5% for Miners 62% for Shipbuilders
Where were 80% of all new factories built, from 1932-37?
London
Between 1929 and 1938, which year was worst for unemployment?
1932 - 2’828’000 on National insurance benefits and 3’400’000 unemployed
What financial help was set up in 1911 for the unemployed?
National insurance benefit (NI)
What few industries did the National Insurance cover?
Shipbuilding and industries were work was difficult
How many were unemployed in 1929?
1.5 million
How many were unemployed in 1930?
2.4 million
What manufacturing was there that hired workers (based in the south and west of the country)?
Cars & Electrical goods
Who mostly set up the hunger marches into London?
National Unemployed Workers Movement (NUWM)
What four ways did the unemployed act?
Individually write to the Government asking for work, Write to Newspapers, Hunger marches and Collect petitions
When was the National Unemployed Workers Movement set up?
1921
What message did the National Unemployed Workers Movement work hard to put across about themselves?
They wanted work, not benefits
What year did Labour come into power?
1929
What % were Government workers wages cut by?
10-15%
What two things did Government ministers of the new National Government propose in August 1931?
Cut benefits by 15% & set up the means test
How many people failed the means test in the first 10 weeks?
271’000
How much was given in aid for those in the special areas act?
£2 million
Who was in the special areas act?
Scotland, Cumberland, Tyneside and South Wales
How much did it cost to feed a person with proper nourishment?
5 shillings, 1d
What % of those living on the dole had to live on less than 5 shilling 1d (amount to feed a person proper nourishment) in 1938?
44%
What year was unemployment worst for Jarrow?
1933
Was the Jarrow Crusade a hunger march?
No
How long was the march for the Jarrow Crusade
291 miles
