Imperialism Flashcards
(16 cards)
King Leopold II and the Congo
Belgium ruled over the Congo and were very violent, extracting rubber from trees and brutally abusing the Congolese people; hands were cut off by the soldiers as an excuse for using their bullets
What are the three motivations for European Imperialism?
- Economic
- Ideological
- Political
These motivations drove European nations to expand their territories and influence during the imperial era.
What does Social Darwinism justify?
The strong have a right to rule over the weak
This ideology was often used to rationalize imperialism and colonial rule.
Define ‘Colony’.
An area ruled by another country
Colonies were often established to exploit resources and exert control.
What is a ‘Sphere of Influence’?
When a country occupies another country near an unoccupied country and has significant influence over it due to its power and proximity
This concept often relates to economic or political dominance without direct governance.
What was the Berlin Conference?
The division of Africa by the European powers. African leaders were not invited
This conference took place in 1884-1885 and formalized European claims to African territories.
What does the term ‘Scramble for Africa’ refer to?
When every European country wanted a slice of the cake of Africa
This period involved rapid colonization and competition among European powers for African territories.
What is the White Man’s Burden?
It is the duty of white people to colonize the others; justification for imperialism
This concept was often used to rationalize European colonialism.
What were Sepoys?
Indian soldiers for the British
They rebelled due to cultural insensitivity regarding food.
What caused the Sepoy Rebellion?
They were forced to eat cow and pig meat, going against their religion
This led to widespread discontent among Indian soldiers.
What is the Jewel in the Crown in the context of British imperialism?
India, due to its potential, influence on other nations, trade ports, goods, and riches
India was considered vital for Britain’s economic interests.
What does the term Raj refer to?
British rule over India
This period lasted from 1858 to 1947.
What was the Opium War?
A navy war between China and Britain after Brits smuggled Opium into China
The conflict resulted in significant territorial concessions from China.
What was the Boxer Rebellion?
Rebellion of the common Chinese people against foreign influence
Led by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists.
What are the Open Door Notes?
Gates and ports of China are open to all nations
This policy aimed to ensure equal trading rights for all countries.
What was the Meiji Era?
A period of Westernization and Industrialization in Japan
It marked Japan’s transformation into a major world power.
