Important English Language Terms

Question 1

5 types of sentences

Answer 1

fragment , simple, compound, complex, compound-complex

Question 2

FSCCC

Answer 2

Fragment
Simple
Compound
Complex
Compound-complex

Question 3

Fragment sentence

Answer 3

a sentence with no clause

Question 4

Simple sentence

Answer 4

a sentence with a subject and a verb, containing only one independent clause

Question 5

Compound sentences

Answer 5

a sentence with two or more independent clauses and a coordinating conjunction or comma/ semi-colon

Question 6

Complex sentences

Answer 6

a sentence containing at least one inderpendent clause and at ;east one dependent clause

Question 7

Define sentence

Answer 7

a set of words that is complete in itself. containing a subject, a predicate, a main clause and subordinate clauses

Question 8

Define phrase

Answer 8

a collection of words that relate to each other. they cannot exist as a complete sentences as they lack a subject. it adds description, information or detail. it can either have a subject or a verb

Question 9

Types of phrases

Answer 9

Noun, Verbs, prepositional, adjective, adverb

Question 10

Pronoun

Answer 10

takes the place of a noun. he, she, it, I

Question 11

Types of pronouns

Answer 11

personal, possessive, reflexive, reciprocal, relative, demonstrative, interrogative, indefinite

Question 12

Declarative sentences

Answer 12

provides information, an observation or a statement

Question 13

Define auxiliary

Answer 13

supports the verb

Question 14

Types of Auxiliaries

Answer 14

primary: be, have, do
Modal: can, could, should, shall, will, would

Question 15

Dependant clause

Answer 15

not a complete sentence. it must be attached to an independent clause to be complete

Question 16

Independent clause

Answer 16

can stand on its own as a sentence. it contains a subject and a verb and is a complete idea

Question 17

Prepositional phrase

Answer 17

A phrase that begins with a preposition. answers one of many questions: Where? When? In what way?

Question 18

Elision

Answer 18

omission of a sound. ‘cos-Because

Question 19

Assimilation

Answer 19

where sounds become the neighbouring sounds. Sandwich-sanwich

Question 20

Lexemes

Answer 20

A word which has a meaning for a specific group . Aussie lexeme- servo

Question 21

Neologisms

Answer 21

a newly formed word. Chillax

Question 22

Blending

Answer 22

The act of composing a new word out of other words.

Guesstimate

Question 23

Acronym

Answer 23

pronounceable word formed by using the first letter of other words. SCUBA- self contained underwater breathing apparatus

Question 24

Abbreviation/ Initialism

Answer 24

when a string of words is shortened by pronouncing the first letter. R.S.P.C.A

Question 25

Shortening

Answer 25

the act of dropping off one or more syllables. | Telephone - Phone

Question 26

Compounding

Answer 26

Combining two or more free morphemes to create a new one. Lunch + Box = Lunchbox

Question 27

Commonisation

Answer 27

The process where proper nouns become common nouns. Esky

Question 28

Conversion

Answer 28

The act of changing a word into a different word class without affixation. Google (noun)- Just Google it (verb)

Question 29

Borrowing

Answer 29

Act of using words from other languages. Shampoo (India)

Question 30

Lexical variation

Answer 30

Using different words for the same thing. grandma- nonna

Question 31

Diminutives

Answer 31

Creating shorter versions of a word. | Jess- Jessica

Question 32

Insertion

Answer 32

The addition of sounds to words. Hampster- Hamster

Question 33

Vowel reduction

Answer 33

Reducing the vowel sound within a word

Question 34

Morphology and Lexicology

Answer 34

Study of the structure or form of words

Question 35

Word classes

Answer 35

Nouns, verbs, auxiliary verbs, modal verbs, adjectives, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, determiners and interjections

Question 36

Function words

Answer 36

words that exist to explain or create a grammatical relationship. This, That, The, An and A

Question 37

Context words

Answer 37

words that have meaning. Table, School, Child

Question 38

Affixation

Answer 38

Suffixes, Prefixes and infixes

Question 39

Suffix

Answer 39

Attaching a part of a word to the end to change the meaning

Question 40

Prefixes

Answer 40

Attaching a part of a word to the start to change the meaning

Question 41

Infixes

Answer 41

Attaching a part of a word to the middle to change the meaning

Question 42

Inflection

Answer 42

A process of word formation, in which a word is modified to express different grammatical categories such as tense, gender, number, mood etc

Question 43

Derivation

Answer 43

Formation of NEW WORDS by adding affixes

Question 44

Root morphemes

Answer 44

also known as a base morpheme. Is a morpheme that gives the word it's main meaning. Speak in Unspeakable

Question 45

Bound morphemes

Answer 45

is a morpheme that on its own has no meaning. Plays- S has no meaning when standing alone

Question 46

Free morphemes

Answer 46

A morpheme that can stand on it's own. Heartbreak- Heart and Break

Question 47

Contraction

Answer 47

A word or phrase which has been shortened by dropping one or more letters replacing them with an apostrophe

Question 48

Collocation

Answer 48

Words that often go together. | Light sleeper / Heavy Rain

Question 49

Archaism

Answer 49

When words or Phrases become obsolete or are never used. Can apply to meaning. Gay, Thee and thow

Question 50

Syntax

Answer 50

the study of how words are combined into sentences

Question 51

Semantics

Answer 51

the study of meaning in language

Question 52

Discourse

Answer 52

the study of how written and spoken texts are organised