IMPORTANT TERMS Flashcards
(23 cards)
two or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as us
Group
tendency of people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present
Social Facilitation (Original Meaning
the strengthening of dominant (prevalent, likely) responses in the presence of others
Social Facilitation (Current Meaning)
how a large number of individuals might impact a person’s performance, conduct, and emotional condition
Crowding
the more individuals there are, the more arousal we experience
Increased Arousal with More People
when someone performs worse than they usually do
Choking
due to the disruption of routine caused by pressure, people are more likely to make errors
Impact on Automatic Behaviors
the tendency to experience anxiety or self-consciousness because of others’ opinions or evaluation of our performance
Evaluation Apprehension
when we focus on how others are reacting or what they think about our performance, we end up with divided attention
Driven by Distraction
the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable
Social Loafing
when individuals lack accountability and cannot self-evaluate, responsibility is spread across the group
Social Loafing
when individuals are evaluated directly and made the center of attention, they tend to monitor their own behavior closely
Social Facilitation
effort decreases (loafing increases) as the size of the group increases
Group Size
Individualistic Vs Collectivistic Cultures
Culture
People who benefit from the group but give little in return
Free-riders
encourage people to slack off if their contributions aren’t tracked individually
Free-riding situations
people in groups load less when the task is challenging, appealing, or involving
Task Importance
groups loaf less when their members are friends or they feel identified with or indispensable to their group
Interpersonal Connection
loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension
Deindividuation
occurs in group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms, good or bad
Deindividuation
a group has the power not only to arouse its members but also to render them unidentifiable
Group Size
a state in which individuals feel unidentifiable or hidden within a group
Anonymity
aggressive outbursts by large groups are often preceded by minor actions that arouse and divert people’s attention
Arousing and Distracting Activities
