Important Terms Flashcards
(20 cards)
Evolution
Change in genetic makeup of a population over time
Artificial Selection
Intentional reproduction of individuals in a population that have desirable traits
Natural Selection
Process of organisms adapting to environment which increases chances of survival and reproductive success
Gene Pool
All the alleles at all gene loci in a population
Allele Frequency
Proportion of alleles of a particular type in the gene pool
Gene Flow
Movement of individuals between population
Genetic Drift
Random changes in allele frequency from one generation to the next
Founder Effect
Difference in allele frequencies in colonizing populations compared to source population
Assortative Mating
Choosing mates with similar phenotypes
Disassortative Mating
Choosing mates with dissimilar phenotypes
Inbreeding
Choosing mates genetically related to oneself
Sexual Selection
Choosing mates with particular sexual characteristics
Fitness
A measure of reproductive success of certain phenotypes
Species
Population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed with one another in nature to produce fertile offspring, but who cannot successfully interbreed with members of other species
Allopatric Speciation
Subsets of a population are separated by geographic barriers
Sympatric Speciation
Subsets of a population cannot be separated by geographic barriers
Reproductive Isolation
Inability to exchange genes
Polyploidy
Possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes
Adaptive Radiation
Proliferation of a large number of daughter species from a single ancestor species
Hybrid Zone
Region where two related populations that diverged after becoming geographically isolated make secondary contact and interbreed where geographical ranges overlap
