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MTAP 2 - HISTOPATH > Impregnation > Flashcards

Impregnation Flashcards

1
Q

Process of removing clearing agent

A

Impregnation

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2
Q

Filling in the space through impregnation is for

A

Making the tissues be firm for easy cutting

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3
Q

Most commonly used impregnating agent

A

Paraffin wax

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4
Q

Advantage of using Paraffin wax

A

RAPID
Compatible with any staining technique

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5
Q

Disadvantage of Paraffin wax

A

Prolonged Impregnation
- brittle tissues

Incomplete process
- retention of clearing agent

NOT FOR FATTY TISSUES

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6
Q

Impregnating method not used for FATTY TISSUES

A

Paraffin wax

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7
Q

Melting point of Paraffin wax

A

56 deg cel

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8
Q

Requires 4 changes of paraffin wax

A

Manual

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9
Q

Oven temperature under Manual method

A

55-60 deg cel

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10
Q

Interval every change of wax in Manual method

A

15 minutes

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11
Q

Requires 2-3 changes of wax

A

Autotechnicon

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12
Q

More rapid than Manual; requires agitation

A

Autotechnicon

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13
Q

Contains negative atmospheric pressure

A

Vacuum

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14
Q

Vacuum infiltrating method is used for

A

CS-BEL

CNS
Spleen
Brain
Eyes
Lungs

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15
Q

Melting point for Paraplast

A

56-58 deg cel

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16
Q

Paraplast is used for

A

Brain
Bones

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17
Q

Paraplast component

A

Paraffin + synthetic plastic polymer

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18
Q

Same with Paraplast but with diff MELTING POINT

A

Embeddol

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19
Q

Substitute for paraffin wax used in eye spx

A

Bioloid

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20
Q

Paraffin result with rubber

A

Tissue mat

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21
Q

Has low melting point which is 46-48

A

Ester wax

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22
Q

Does not require clearing if SOLUBLE IN ALCOHOL

A

Ester wax

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23
Q

Ester wax has harder paraffin so it requires

A

Heavy duty microtome

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24
Q

Substitute used in histochemical and enzymes

A

Carbowax

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25
Q

Advantage of Carbowax

A

Does not require dehydration and clearing

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26
Q

Disadvantage of carbowax

A

Difficult to float-out

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27
Q

Difficulty in floating-out using carbowax is remedied by

A

Addition of SOAP/ 10% Polyethylene glycol

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28
Q

Other term for celloidin

A

Collodion

29
Q

Component of Celloidin

A

4.8% Ether and alcohol

30
Q

Advantage of Celloidin

A

Do not require heat

31
Q

Disadvantage of Celloidin

A

Very slow acting
Sections for photomicrography are difficult to obtain

32
Q

Celloidin is used for what type of tissues

A

Large and hollow cavities
(Bones, brain)

33
Q

Wet celloidin is used for what spx

A

BBTW
Brain
Bones Teeth
Whole organ

34
Q

Solution used in Wet celloidin for storage

A

70% alcohol

35
Q

Dry celloidin is used for

A

Eye specimen

36
Q

Dry celloidin solution for storage

A

Gilson’s mixture

37
Q

Gilson’s mixture is composed of

A

Chloroform
Caedarwood oil

38
Q

Highly explosive, used in thin section

A

Nitrocellulose method

39
Q

LVN produces THICK/THIN section

A

Thin

40
Q

Prone of tissue cracking due to LVN may be remedied by

A

Oleum ricini/castor oil

41
Q

Requires 2-3mm thick tissue, rarely used

A

Gelatin

42
Q

Gelatin infiltration method is used for

A

Frozen
Histochemical
Enzyme

43
Q

10% gelatin + 1% phenol is for

A

24 hrs

44
Q

20% gelatin + 1% phenol is for

A

12 hrs

45
Q

Addition of phenol is for

A

Preventing growth of tissues

46
Q

Process of placing infiltrated tissue in embedding mold

A

Embedding

47
Q

Other term for embedding

A

Casting
Blocking

48
Q

Requirement for embedding

A

Embedding mold
Medium
Infiltrated tissue

49
Q

Temperature of melted paraffin used for embedding

A

5-10 deg above paraffin MP

50
Q

Allows solidification of tissue

A

Refrigerator @-5 deg cel
Cold bath

51
Q

Cutting off excess paraffin wax to form FOUR-SIDED PRISM

A

Trimming

52
Q

Infiltrating using celloidin, embedding using paraffin

A

Double embedding method

53
Q

Non-disposable embedding molds

A
  • Leuckhart’s
  • Compound
  • Plastic embedding rings and base molds
  • Tissue tek
54
Q

With 2 L shaped strips of heavy/brass metal

A

Leuckhart’s

55
Q

Produce blocks with diff sizes

A

Leuckhart’s

56
Q

Embeds more than 1 tissue

A

Compound embedding unit

57
Q

Produce perfect block w/o trimming

A

Peel-away

58
Q

Economical and easy to prepare

A

Paper boat

59
Q

Requires smearing of glycerine in inner part of mold

A

Plastic ice tray

60
Q

Uses high resolution light microscopy

A

Plastic Resins Embedding

61
Q

Epoxy are

A

Bisphenol
Cyclohexene dioxide
Glycerol

62
Q

EM, seldom used Plastic Resin

A

Polyester

63
Q

Used for LM (MMA, GMA)

A

Acrylic

64
Q

Provides superior result for light microscopy

A

plastic (resins) emebedding

65
Q

fastest epoxy resin

A

Spurr

66
Q

Plastic resin originally introduced for EM

A

Polyester

67
Q

Extremely hydrophilic (GMA)

A

Polyglyceryl methacrylate

68
Q

Plastic resin considered ideal for undecalcified bones and hard tissues

A

Methyl methacrylate

MTAP 2 - HISTOPATH (5 decks)

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