Impressionism, Expressionism, Chance & Electronic Music Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
What is Impressionism?
A
style of music that highlights suggestion and atmosphere
2
Q
Where is Impressionism derived?
A
from an 1872 painting of Claude Monet, “Sunrise in the Paris Salon”
3
Q
When was Claude Debussy born?
A
August 22, 1862
4
Q
When did Claude Debussy died?
A
March 25, 1918
5
Q
Where was Debussy born?
A
St. Germaine-Laye near Paris
6
Q
What age was Debussy when he entered the Paris Conservatoire?
A
11 yo
7
Q
He was the Father of Modern School of Compositions.
A
Claude Debussy
8
Q
What title was Debussy given because of his numerical musical composition which includes orchestral music, operas, ballet songs and other vocal music?
A
Father of Modern School of Compositions
9
Q
Name a work of Debussy.
A
Suite Bergamesque Claire de Lune L'enfant prodigue La Mer Nocturnes Prelude of an Aftrenoon of a Faun
10
Q
Which work of Debussy did he win an award in the 1884 Prix de Rome?
A
L’enfant prodigue
11
Q
Debussy was accepted to a scholarship to which academy?
A
Academie des Beaux-Arts at Villa Medici
12
Q
When was Maurice Ravel born?
A
March 7, 1875
13
Q
Where was Ravel born?
A
Ciboure, France
14
Q
Which ethnicities were Ravel’s parents belong?
A
his mother is Basque
his father is Swiss
15
Q
When did Ravel die?
A
1937
16
Q
Where did Ravel die?
A
Paris
17
Q
Ravel suffered what disorder?
A
Aphasia
18
Q
Which Impressionist composer uses Appoggiaturas?
A
Maurice Ravel
19
Q
What is Appoggiaturas used for?
A
it creates suspension
20
Q
What age was Ravel when he entered the Paris Conservatoire?
A
14 yo
21
Q
Name a work of Ravel.
A
Bolero
La Valse
Miroirs
Ma merel’oie
22
Q
Characteristics of IMPRESSIONISM
A
Harmony, Rhythm, Tone Colour
23
Q
Impressionism’s Harmony is…?
A
Indistinguishable; chords overlapping
daydreamy, floating feeling
24
Q
Impressionism’s Rhythm is…?
A
lacking in central rhythm
doesn’t give a tapping-your-feet feeling
25
Impressionism's Tone Colour is...?
insturmentation retains subtle flavour of Impressionism
| dream-like, magical atmosphere
26
What era was melody less important?
Expressionism
27
It sought to express disturbed conditions in the mind.
Expressionism
28
It is the answer of the Germans to the French Impressionism.
Expressionism
29
It has a hyper-expressive harmony.
Expressionism
30
It is better performed with instruments than sung.
Expressionism
31
When was Arnold Schoenberg born?
September 13, 1874
32
Where was Arnold Schoenberg born?
Vienna, Austria
33
Which Expressionism Composer had lessons with Alexander von Zemlinsky?
Arnold Schoenberg
34
Who began studying violin at age 8?
Arnold Schoenberg
35
Schoenberg studied the violin at what age?
8 yo
36
Who composed a string sextet entitled, Transfigured Night?
Arnold Schoenberg
37
Who suffered from triskaidekaphobia?
Arnold Schoenberg
38
Who is the leader of Contemporary Musical Thought?
Arnold Schoenberg
39
Who introduced the twelve-tone technique?
Arnold Schoenberg
40
What is the Twelve Tone Technique?
arrangement of twelve chromatic pitches in series that provides the melodic and harmonic basis for a musical composition.
41
These are notes that are numbered.
Pitch Classes
42
What do you call the arrangement of twelve chromatic pitches in series that provides the melodic and harmonic basis for a musical composition?
Twelve Tone Technique
43
What are Pitch Classes?
Notes that are numbered
44
Name a work of Schoenberg.
```
Pierrot Lunaire
Six Little Piano Pieces
Serenade
Ode to Napoleon Bonaparte
Five Pieces for Orchestra
```
45
When was Igor Stravinsky born?
June 17, 1882
46
Where was Igor Stravinsky born?
Oranienbaum, Russia
47
What job did Stravinsky's father have?
A bass singer at the Imperial Opera
48
What did Stravinsky study at the St. Petersburg University?
Law and Philosophy
49
Where did Stravinsky study law and philosophy?
St. Petersburg University
50
At age 20, to whom did Stravinsky show his early pieces?
Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian composer)
51
At what age did Stravinsky show his early pieces to Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov?
20 yo
52
Who commissioned Stravinsky to write a musical piece for a ballet with elephants?
George Ballanchine
53
When was Stravinsky commissioned to write a musical piece for a ballet with elephants?
1942
54
What was the musical piece commissioned by George Ballanchine for?
A ballet with elephants
55
Name a work of Stravinsky.
```
Oedipus Rex
The Firebird
The Rite of Spring
Symphony of Psalms
The Soldier's Tale
```
56
The percussive use of dissonance, polyrhythms, and polytonality made Stravinsky known as the...?
destructive modernist par excellence
57
Characteristics of EXPRESSIONISM
Harmony, Rhythm, Tone Colour
58
Expressionism's Harmony is...?
```
uses atonality (lack of tonal centre)
feelings of anxiety, rage, alienation, etc.
```
59
Expressionism's Rhythm is...?
balanced and generally understated
| doesn't encourage swaying with music
60
Expressionism's Tone Colour is...?
polyphonic and dense
| arouses strong emotions
61
What do you call the music involving the use of electronics, such as recording and editing on tape?
Electronic Music
62
What era did new instruments emerged, like the Theremin, the Ondes Martenot, and the Hammond Organ?
Electronic Music
63
What is the most important development of art music?
Electronic Music
64
Stages of the Development of Electronic Music
Magnetic Tape Recording
Synthesizers
Electronic Computer
65
In 1947, a group of music technicians in a Paris radio station started to experiment with musique concrete. Who led the group?
Pierre Schaeffer
66
When did a group of music technicians in a Paris radio station started to experiment with musique concrete?
1947
67
What do you call the music that is made up of natural sounds and sound effects
that were recorded and altered
by changing the speed of the records?
Musique Concrete
68
What is the name of an analog programmable electronic music synthesizer created by the RCA Corporation in 1955?
Radio Corporation America Electronic Music
69
What do you call a device for combining sound generators and sound modifiers in one package?
Synthesizer
70
What are the first synthesizers developed during the 1st stage?
RCA electronic instrument
Theremin
Moog
71
What do you call a sound generator that features a graph representation of the shape of any sound wave.
Electronic Computer
72
What device translates the graphs into a series of numbers into a sound playable on a tape recorder?
Digital Analog Converter
73
Which instrument is the most flexible of all electronic instruments?
Electronic Computer
74
Who was the French born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the US?
Edgar Varese
75
Who is the Father of Electronic Music?
Edgar Varese
76
Which composer has a style that is characterised by dissonance and asymmetrical
rhythm?
Edgar Varese
77
Which composer invented the technique "organised sounds"?
Edgar Varese
78
These are the elements of music that were grouped together to produce a new kind of sound.
Organised Sounds
79
Which composer gained the title "Stratospheric Colossal of Sound" due to his advanced tape-sound music?
Edgar Varese
80
Varese had a title for his advanced tape-sound music. What was the title given to him?
Stratospheric Colossal of Sound
81
Name a work of Varese.
Hyperprism
Density 21.5
Poeme Electronique
82
What do you call a performance all determined by elements of chance or unpredictability?
Chance Music
83
It comes from the word Latin word alea, meaning dice.
Aleatoric Music
84
What do you call a performance that is sometimes left to the determination of its performers?
Aleatoric Music
85
What does alea mean?
Dice
86
When was John Cage born?
September 5, 1912
87
He was one of the prominent avant-garde composers of the 20th century.
John Cage
88
Other term for chance music.
Aleatoric Music
89
This type of music is frequently found in some opera choruses.
Aleatoric/Chance Music
90
Which composer was an American music
| theorist, composer, pianist, and philosopher?
John Cage
91
What is the full name of John Cage?
John Milton Cage Jr.
92
Name a work of Cage.
4'33''
93
It is a three movement composition with a duration of 4 minutes and 33 seconds of silence.
4'33''
94
Tacet comes from the Latin tacere which means...?
to be silent
95
It is written in a music score directing an instrument or voice not to play during a movement.
Tacet
