In-Class Essay 1 Flashcards

Question

Calicut

Answer 1

met 2 moors that spoke genoese and castillano, tried to trade w king but had no valuables. managed to get spices and was overall huge success

Answer 2

only place where you could grow Nutmeg; exclusively cultivated it for other trades, imported almost all food, economy already reoriented prior to European need/want

Answer 3

part of existing trading network in indian ocean, transformed economies, used to new/diverse people for commerce, King wanted to kick out Portuguese with help of Guangzhou but they took control

Answer 4

apothecary and govt scribe that wrote inaccurate notes about people (hindu are past chrsitians, Chinese are white heathens) sent for diplomacy but did not understand waiting process in china, angered emperor with no gifts and impatience, cut off dick and shoved in mouth

Answer 5

Tome Pires sent on diplomatic mission, did not go well

Answer 6

key to european dominance in new world, over 250k taino and 250k mexica died of disease, economy disrupted as nobody had immunity, europeans took advantage of this and many died of violence, hunger or disease

Answer 7

Japanese pirates had been raiding Chinese coast, Qi reorganized forces, developed infantry units, practiced drilling and training, had huge success and changed military game

Answer 8

many states fighting for dominance, had pirates, invaded Korea twice, in 1592 and 1597

Answer 9

Korean troops overwhelmed bc was unorganized famers fighting, they had revolutionized by 1597 bc King taught how to make muskets and gunpowder,

Answer 10

naval hero that made armoured boat (turtle ship) with heavy artillery, effective against Japanese that had not innovated strategies

Answer 11

Portuguese took over Oman ports, so tried taking them back. Muscat had fortress that was rich and strong on gulf, but beat Portuguese out through land and built up navy to defend and raid other places too (Diu, Swahili coast) and become part of dynasty

Answer 12

livorno, malta, algiers, all christian except for last muslim

Answer 13

muslims captured a lot of english in small boats in area, English crown cheap at getting them back so would have them forever to get ransoms. would write letters telling horrible experiences at hopes they'd buy them out.

Answer 14

Muslim in granada, fled to Fez/Morocco, uncle was diplomat to Timbuktu, captured by pirates but sent as gift to pope in rome, converted and wrote book describing Africa, sometimes exaggerating but accurate

Answer 15

Muslim in granada, fled to Fez/Morocco, uncle was diplomat to Timbuktu, captured by pirates but sent as gift to pope in rome, converted and wrote book Description of Africa, sometimes exaggerating but accurate

Answer 16

alhambra took over by ferd and isa, they lived there for a bit

Answer 17

alhambra took over by ferd and isa, they lived there for a bit

Answer 18

nowadays morrocco, king was "muhammad of portugal" bc he was captured once too

Answer 19

used as metaphor super far away, wealthy empire for Islamic study, leo went to visit

Answer 20

used as metaphor super far away, wealthy empire for Islamic study, leo went to visit

Answer 21

place where Ottomans fought Mamaluks over control of Egypt, Leo was there on ottoman vessel and got captured by Spanish pirates

Answer 22

Malintzin born there, spoke Nahuatl and other lang. state aligned with Tenochtitlan

Answer 23

language spoke in Tenochtitlan, Coatz., and Tlaxcala

Answer 24

Puntunchan language, learned when she was sold as slave by Mexica merchants at 14

Answer 25

daughter of low ran concubine, status was not assured, sold at 14, helped Cortez take over, did not marry her bc he had wife, so she married high rank Spanish captain, died went hey took her son to spain

Answer 26

translated by Malintzin when meeting Spanish, was killed and his last heir killed on an expedition to Honduras for conspiring against them supposedly

Answer 27

Khoi ppl inland nomads, coast people settled fishing and trading

Answer 28

she was sent to work with uncle in coast, used to seeing foreigners, worked as a maid, then had weird relationship with Von Reibeeck, looked out for dutch interests, married to trader who left to Portugal, was mistreated as wench and lost value, died abandoned

Answer 29

uncle postal agent for passing ships in port, took to trading w dutch first, gave niece for help, realized the dutch would take over and attempted to help but was ratted out by krotoa, who became outsider and not accepted anymore

Answer 30

Dutchman arrived with Captain Reibeeck that wanted to set a re-supply station for Dutch ships on their way to East Asia. While Portuguese dominated the sea, by 1600s the Dutch took over a lot of the ports and routes. stayed to grow food and help passing boats, made local business, lived w nieces

Answer 31

went to madagascar and mauritus to explore, got killed in last one, stopped support for Krotoa

Answer 32

general crisis of warfare and state collapse, some thought comet was omen for apocalypse or message from mandate of heaven

Answer 33

religious conflict between catholic and protestants in Germany, more deaths than ww2 and large standing armies that hurt civilians w taxation and stuff

Answer 34

destruction of protestant city by catholic forces

Answer 35

Catholic Charles I v Protestant Parliament, years after 30yrwar but brought civil war, was deposed and beheaded still

Answer 36

Married catholic woman and was believed to be turning protestant country catholic again, was tried and beheaded from window, which killing own monarch was unprecedented

Answer 37

modern turkey, home for rebellion and gang crimes in ottoman rule, 80% of people died after they protest the regicide and replacement of head of state

Answer 38

had been in control for while, but bureaucrats became corrupt, soldiers took arms in countryside (were now trained), wall protection was broken in north and country bandits in south were giving trouble

Answer 39

by russia dn china

Answer 40

EA ethnic gorup from Manchuria, strong and effective fighters that took over Ming dynasty and established Qing

Answer 41

"dashing prince" that went from bandit to the ambitious leader that made Beijing fall after it was poorly defended, was overtaken by Manchus

Answer 42

city in north that had not been well defended, took over by Li Zicheng and then commander tried to get it back with help from Manchus, but they took it for themselves

Answer 43

established dynasty after Ming, enforced their customs and traditions after massacring people in take over

Answer 44

had largest deposit of silver, spanish flooded place and exploited indigenous people in mines where many died

Answer 45

silver financed religious wars, warfare, weapons, armies, which caused chaos and rising deaths as other armies could not compete with Spain

Answer 46

excess of silver caused value to drop, Spanish tried to mine for more, cost of living 2x or 3x, economic strife possible explanation for 17th century crisis, Spanish had so much debt

Answer 47

Ming dynasty needed silver, but didn't want to do outside trade except with Manila, which would use galleon ships that would travel from Mexico to philippies

Answer 48

multi deck sailing ships used for european cargo carrier and later turned to warships.

Answer 49

a mine in Japan where chinese would get their silver from, were extremely violent and exploitative

Answer 50

Most chinese traders were fujian from province and would trade silk and porcelain for silver in Manila

Answer 51

port where chinese traders were safe, separate from spanish-owned ports,

Answer 52

coldest between 1600-1650, summers too cold for harvesting and winters harsh, reported around globe from multiple accounts

Answer 53

perioed from 1650-early 1700s where sunspots became incredibly rare, correlating to less sun energy on earth

Answer 54

season consistency extremely important bc they tended to grow only one kind of crop, important for livelihood and meant any delays would be detrimental

Answer 55

with harvest failures, economic strife and famine, people started robbing which caused chaos and disease with plague outbreaks

Answer 56

when manchus invaded china, there was a spread of smallpox which affected their military response

Answer 57

emerging crop from Americas, needed to be marketed differently but became better relief for families because they yielded 2x calories per acre

Answer 58

one of biggest cities in the wrold, had advanced water provisioning system that was vulnerable during attacks

Answer 59

istanbul had walls in here, learly marked on map and refortirifed, were for multiple reasons like safety, from disease, regulate trade, population, had to answer 8 questions if wanted to enter (like immigration)

Answer 60

water provisioning system in Edo was advanced, river to send food did not work in Beijing bc grand canal in china froze, they used to provision rice instead of bread tho and that worked

Answer 61

people in edo paid for poop from latirines to use in their farming

Answer 62

The Grand Canal in Beijing, brought food from Guagnzhou (bread basket of China) over 1200 miles. Vulnerable to climate (freeze or dry river) and travel through sea (JP pirates) which is reason why Ming fell, couldn’t send food.

Answer 63

Germany: had canals, but got polluted because people would dispose trash into them. High-status/ranking people would instead buy drinking water from vendors who got it from countryside (vulnerable to war). Women would carry buckets of water on their heads to sell, cost depended on source of water.

Answer 64

The Grand Canal in Beijing, brought food from Guagnzhou (bread basket of China) over 1200 miles. Vulnerable to climate (freeze or dry river) and travel through sea (JP pirates) which is reason why Ming fell, couldn’t send food.

Answer 65

cities considered this, Constantly needed to import people because they’d constantly die before they had children (result of epidemics) and

Answer 66

made out of wood, fires often started by bakeries and buildings torn down before fire could spread

Answer 67

started by bakery and too fast to put out

Answer 68

destroyed entire city and was deadly

Answer 69

one person established self in city and started chain migration by bringing in family and uch

Answer 70

social system in which positions of dominance and privilege are primarily held by men.

Answer 71

ancestral line traced through fathers

Answer 72

practice of marrying multiple spouses

Answer 73

from word haram (meaning forbidden or sacred), meant there was space in house where women forbidden from making contact to outside (could mean having sex or not, daughter, wives, concubines, enslaved)

Answer 74

when they took over, they adjusted to have larger harms in urban space of show off power and wealth, collides with ottoman empire

Answer 75

had 4 permanent wives, and plenty of temporary wives (some who were daughters and wives of enemies, so not temporary), others who were admired (one was good at finance)

Answer 76

(had to be treated equally for multiple wives, so loophole meant that they didn't have to do this) was signed by wife (not authority), wait 10 months for pregnancy, and then resign new one. ppl wanted status, so they would repeat contracts, even if not samed

Answer 77

as they were expanding, they began gathering multiple households under one roof, meant there was one male leader and began being patriarchical and patrilineal society bc their expansion into northern territory

Answer 78

was matrlinieal cutlure, men married into wives families and could be disposed of, more powerful if they remiand together much more

Answer 79

powerful god, used this to tell stories that osun(F) had been married before, but were not good enough so she left and met Sango (represent oyo) and other river god,

Answer 80

oyo want to expand into this osun river so that they could be closer to ocean, did so through ptriarchical lineage. also female deity associated with fertility, water, and wealth.

In-Class Essay 1 Flashcards

(108 cards)