Incorrects Step2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are common symptoms of both Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis?
- Chronic diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Anemia
- Elevated inflammatory markers
What are severe manifestations of Crohn disease?
- Fistulas
- Strictures
- Abscesses
What complication can uncontrolled ulcerative colitis lead to?
Toxic megacolon.
What diagnostic procedure is required to distinguish between Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis?
Colonoscopy with biopsies.
What gross characteristics are associated with Crohn disease?
- Cobblestone appearance
- Skip lesions
- Deep serpiginous ulcers
What does ulcerative colitis demonstrate in terms of ulceration?
Continuous, shallow ulcerations and pseudopolyps.
On histology, where does chronic inflammation extend in Crohn disease?
Beyond the submucosa and is often transmural.
What may be present in the histology of Crohn disease?
Noncaseating granulomas.
In ulcerative colitis, where is inflammation usually limited to?
The mucosa.
Fill in the blank: In ulcerative colitis, inflammation occasionally extends into the _______.
submucosa.
Mcc of hepatocellular Cancer
Cirrhosis
Causes of cirrhosis
Chronic alcohol
Hepatitis
NAFLD
Signs of impaired hepatic function
Elevated transaminases
Thrombocytopenia
Hypoalbuminemia
If AFP normal can it still be HCC
Yes
How to diagnose HCC
Ct abdomen
Does focal modular hyperplasia and hepatic adenoma cause decompensated liver failure
No
Causes of colocesicle fistula
Diverticula disease sigmoid mostly
Crohnns
Malignancy - colon, bladder, pelvic organs
Features of colovesicle fistula
Pneumaturia
Fecaluria
Recurrent UTI with mixed flora
Diagnosis of colovesicle fistula
Ct scan with oral or rectal contrast
Colonoscopy to exclude colonic malignancy
Treatment for rectal prolapse for frail elderly and non full thickness prolapse
Fibre supplementation
Pelvic floor exercises
Treatment for those with debilitating symptoms and full thickness rectal prolapse
Surgery
What is used to diagnose ovarian cancer
Transvaginal USG
Antibiotic used for acute calculus cholecystitis
Piperacllin tazobactam- covers common enterogenic pathogens
