Indian fasting guidelines Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the fasting guidelines for adults undergoing elective surgery?
Solid meals: ≥ 6 h (light), ≥ 8 h (fatty/heavy). Clear fluids: up to 2 hours before anesthesia, including water, tea (no milk), juice without pulp, ORS.
What are the fasting guidelines for paediatric patients and neonates?
Breast milk: allowed until 4 hours preop. Infant formula/milk/light meals: stop at least 6 hours preop. Fluids: up to 2 hours before (some guidelines allow 1 hr).
What are the fasting guidelines for obstetric and bariatric patients?
Fasting durations similar to adults; milk products require ≥ 6 h. Post-op: resume feeding as soon as airway reflexes return (usually within hours).
What is the rationale behind the Indian guidelines for perioperative feeding and fasting?
Adapted to local diets, socio-cultural factors, and gastric emptying patterns specific to South Asia.
What is preoperative carbohydrate loading?
Intake of carbohydrate-rich clear liquids (≈50–100 g) 2 hours before surgery, sometimes with an evening dose.
What are the metabolic benefits of preoperative carbohydrate loading?
Reduces insulin resistance, stabilizes blood glucose levels, and attenuates metabolic stress of fasting and surgery.
How does preoperative carbohydrate loading affect patient comfort?
Decreases thirst, hunger, and anxiety, potentially improving perioperative well-being.
What are the clinical outcomes associated with preoperative carbohydrate loading?
Faster return of gut function and reduced postoperative hyperglycemia. Does not increase aspiration risk. Evidence supports benefits particularly in ERAS pathways.
What are the fasting guidelines for adults regarding solids and fluids?
Adults – solids: ≥ 6 h (light); ≥ 8 h (fatty). Adults – fluids: up to 2 h before surgery.
What are the fasting guidelines for children regarding solids/milk and fluids?
Children – solids/milk: Formula/milk ≥ 6 h; breast milk ≥ 4 h. Children – fluids: Up to 2 h (clear liquids); some allow 1 h preop.
What is the carbohydrate loading recommendation for preoperative patients?
50–100 g carbs 2 h preop: ↓ insulin resistance, ↑ comfort, safe.
