Indian Geography Flashcards
(220 cards)
1
Q
A
2
Q
A
3
Q
Which river originates the Dhuandhar Falls located in Madhya Pradesh?
A
Narmada River.
4
Q
Hundru Falls, the highest waterfall in Jharkhand, is created by which river?
A
Subarnarekha River.
5
Q
Jog Falls (Gerosoppa Falls) in Karnataka is associated with which river?
A
Sharavathi River.
6
Q
From where does the Gomti River originate?
A
Gomat Taal (Fulhaar Jheel) in Pilibhit district, Uttar Pradesh.
7
Q
Where does the Ghaghara River meet the Ganga?
A
At Chhapra.
8
Q
Where does the Gandak river originate and where does it join the Ganga?
A
Originates in Nepal Himalayas (between Dhaulagiri and Mt. Everest); joins Ganga at Sonpur near Patna.
9
Q
Where is the source of the Kosi river?
A
North of Mount Everest in Tibet.
10
Q
Amarkantak is the source of which rivers?
A
Narmada River, Mahanadi, and Son River.
11
Q
Amarkantak is located at the confluence of which hill ranges?
A
Maikal hill, Satpura, and Vindhyan ranges.
12
Q
Biligirirangana (BR Hills) are part of which larger hill range?
A
Eastern Ghats.
13
Q
Seshachalam Hills are part of which larger hill range?
A
Eastern Ghats.
14
Q
What type of landform is the Rann of Kutch?
A
A vast seasonal salt marsh.
15
Q
The Rann of Kutch is an example of land formed due to what geological process?
A
Repeated fall in sea level.
16
Q
Which country has a larger total area of arable land, India or China?
A
China.
17
Q
What percentage of cultivated area has irrigation cover in India vs. China (approx)?
A
India: 48%, China: 41%.
18
Q
How does the average agricultural productivity per hectare compare between India and China?
A
China’s productivity (4.7 tonnes/hectare) is significantly higher than India’s (2.7 tonnes/hectare).
19
Q
Is Jackfruit a deciduous or evergreen tree?
A
Evergreen.
20
Q
Are Mahua and Teak deciduous or evergreen trees?
A
Deciduous.
21
Q
When do Teak trees typically shed their leaves?
A
During the dry season.
22
Q
Which river is the main source of water for Wular Lake in Kashmir?
A
River Jhelum.
23
Q
Is Kolleru Lake directly fed by the Krishna River?
A
No, it is connected to the Krishna and Godavari irrigation systems but fed directly by seasonal streams like Budameru and Tammileru.
24
Q
Kanwar Lake in Bihar is what type of lake, and how was it formed?
A
A freshwater oxbow lake, formed by a cut-off meander of the Burhi Gandak River.
25
Namcha Barwa marks the easternmost section of which mountain range?
Himalayas.
26
Nanda Devi, India's second highest mountain, is located in which Himalayan range/section?
Kumaun Himalayas, in Uttarakhand.
27
Nokrek Peak is the highest peak of which hills in Meghalaya?
Garo Hills.
28
Which river created the Gandikota Canyon (India's Grand Canyon) in Andhra Pradesh?
Pennar River.
29
Which river joins the Satluj in Pakistan after receiving the collective drainage of Ravi and Jhelum?
Chenab.
30
Where does the Satluj river eventually join the Indus?
A few kilometers above Mithankot in Pakistan.
31
---
---
32
What are playas, like those found in Rajasthan (e.g., Didwana, Kuchaman)?
Small saline lakes with flat floors in undrained basins where water collects and evaporates.
33
Near which village in Jharkhand do the Brahmani and Subernarekha rivers rise?
Near Nagri village in Ranchi district.
34
Where does the Nagavali river originate?
In the Eastern Ghats near Lakhbahal, Kalahandi district, Odisha.
35
Where does the Vamsadhara river originate?
In Orissa's Eastern Ghats.
36
Is Moringa (drumstick tree) a leguminous tree?
No, it is a deciduous plant native to the Indian subcontinent but not leguminous.
37
Is Tamarind endemic to South Asia?
No, it is a leguminous tree native to tropical Africa.
38
How is Tamarind typically collected in India?
As a minor forest produce.
39
Can Moringa and Tamarind seeds be used for biofuel production?
Yes.
40
Pandharpur, a pilgrimage site in Maharashtra, is located on the banks of which river?
Chandrabhaga (Bhima) river.
41
Tiruchirappalli in Tamil Nadu, known for the Sri Ranganathaswamy temple, is on which river bank?
Cauvery river.
42
Hampi, the capital of the Vijayanagara empire in Karnataka, is situated on the banks of which river?
Tungabhadra river.
43
According to the Indian Ministry of Environment, what defines 'forest cover'?
All lands more than one hectare in area with a tree canopy density of more than 10%.
44
Bandarpunch Glacier is the source of which major river?
Yamuna river.
45
Bara Shigri, the largest glacier in Lahaul Spiti (HP), feeds which river?
Chenab river.
46
Milam Glacier in Uttarakhand is the source of which river?
Gori Ganga River.
47
Siachen Glacier is the source of which river that eventually joins the Indus?
Nubra River (which joins Shyok, then Indus).
48
Zemu Glacier, the largest in the Eastern Himalayas (Sikkim), is a source for which river?
Teesta river.
49
Aliyar reservoir is located in which hills in Tamil Nadu?
Anaimalai Hills (Western Ghats).
50
Isapur dam is built on which river in Maharashtra?
Penganga river.
51
Kangsabati dam in West Bengal forms a reservoir at the confluence of which two rivers?
Kangsabati and Kumari rivers.
52
Is Kodaikanal Lake (Kodai Lake) in Tamil Nadu a natural or artificial lake?
Artificial, created in 1863.
53
Between which two major river basins is Kolleru Lake situated?
Godavari and Krishna.
54
Nainital Lake in Uttarakhand is what type of lake (origin)?
Natural freshwater lake, tectonic in origin.
55
Renuka lake is the largest natural lake in which state?
Himachal Pradesh.
56
What is the status of the Barren Island volcano?
It is the only confirmed active volcano in India.
57
Where is Barren Island located?
In the Andaman Sea, about 140km northeast of Port Blair.
58
When was the first recorded eruption of Barren Island, and when did it resume activity after a long silence?
First recorded in 1787; resumed activity in 1991 after about a century of silence.
59
Where does the Teesta River originate?
Kangse glacier in Sikkim.
Kang ke movie ka teeser trailer
60
Which river originates from Mount Kabru's glacier in Sikkim and joins the Teesta?
Rangeet River.
61
How many states does the Indian Himalayan Region spread across?
10 states plus hill regions of 2 other states (Assam, West Bengal).
62
Across how many states are the Western Ghats spread?
Six states (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala).
63
Pulicat Lake, the second-largest brackish water lake in India, lies on the border of which two states?
Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
64
65
---
---
66
Which Indonesian island is geographically closest to Great Nicobar Island?
Sumatra
67
Bodhgaya is located in which region of Bihar?
Magadh Region.
68
Khajuraho is located in which region?
Bundelkhand region.
69
Tirupati is located in which region of Andhra Pradesh?
Rayalaseema.
70
Which state has explored the possibility of constructing an artificial inland port connected to the sea?
Rajasthan, in Jalore, potentially connecting to the Arabian Sea.
71
Name some major north bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra.
Subansiri, Ronganadi, Dikrong, Jiabharali (Kameng), Manas, Beki, Sonkosh.
Subah rang dekh jia mein bekarari si hui
72
Name some major south bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra.
Noadehing, Buridehing, Desang, Dikhow, Bhogdoi, Dhansiri (South), Kopilli, Kulsi.
Na de hing buri de hing de hing dekh bhag dhan kopi kulsi
73
What forest types characterize Middle & North Andaman islands respectively?
Moist Deciduous & Wet Evergreen forests.
74
Are moist deciduous forests common in the Nicobar islands?
No, they are common in the Andamans but almost absent in the Nicobars.
75
What is the largest Peninsular river system, also called the Dakshin Ganga?
The Godavari.
76
Name the principal tributaries of the Godavari River.
Indravati, Penganga, Pranhita, Manjra.
Indravati ko penga pra mehnga
77
Are Vamsadhara and Pennar tributaries of the Godavari?
No.
78
Srisailam Temple (Bhramaramba Mallikarjuna) is located on which hills in Andhra Pradesh?
Nallamala hills.
79
Omkareshwar Temple, a Jyotirlinga shrine, is located next to which river in Madhya Pradesh?
Narmada River, on Mandhata island.
80
What are the most widespread forests in India?
Tropical Deciduous Forests.
81
What is the rainfall range for Tropical Deciduous Forests?
Between 70 cm and 200 cm.
82
Into what two types are Tropical Deciduous Forests divided based on water availability?
Moist (100-200 cm rainfall) and Dry (70-100 cm rainfall).
83
What is the most dominant tree species in Moist Deciduous Forests?
Teak.
84
Where are Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests typically found in India?
Western side of Western Ghats, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram.
85
What are 'jing kieng jri' found in Meghalaya?
Living root bridges, built by weaving the roots of the Indian rubber tree.
86
Have Meghalaya's living root bridges been included on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list?
They were included on the tentative list.
87
Dampa Tiger Reserve, the largest wildlife sanctuary in its state, is located where?
Mizoram.
88
Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?
Tripura.
89
Saramati Peak forms a natural boundary between Nagaland and which country?
Myanmar.
90
What geographical feature separates the Andaman Islands from the Nicobar Islands?
The Ten Degree Channel.
91
Are the Cardamom Hills located on the Coromandel Coast?
No, they are part of the southern Western Ghats in Kerala/Tamil Nadu.
92
Are the Kaimur Hills part of the Konkan Coast?
No, they are the eastern portion of the Vindhya Range extending into Bihar.
93
The Mahadeo Hills are located in which region of India?
Central India (Madhya Pradesh).
94
The Mikir Hills are located in which region of India?
North East India (Assam).
95
Harike Wetlands, a Ramsar site, is located at the confluence of which two rivers?
Beas and Sutlej.
96
Keoladeo Ghana National Park (Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary) is at the confluence of which rivers?
Gambhir and Banganga rivers.
97
Kolleru Lake is located between the deltas of which two major rivers?
Krishna and Godavari.
98
Which major river originates in Tibet and enters Arunachal Pradesh through Miri hills?
Subansiri River.
99
Does the Barak River flow through Arunachal Pradesh?
No, it flows through Manipur, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Assam.
100
Name some important Kharif crops grown in India.
Rice, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut, soybean.
101
Name some important Rabi crops grown in India.
Wheat, barley, peas, gram, mustard.
102
Coal deposits in India are generally found in which geological beds?
Gondwana beds.
103
Kodarma district in Jharkhand is famous worldwide for mining which mineral?
Mica (especially ruby mica).
104
What gives Laterite soils their common red color?
Presence of iron oxides.
105
Are Laterite soils generally rich in organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphate?
No, they are generally poor in these nutrients but rich in iron oxide and potash.
106
---
---
107
Where are Laterite soils commonly found besides Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu?
Madhya Pradesh and the hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.
108
Name some crops that grow well on Laterite soils.
Tapioca, cashew nuts, tea, coffee, rubber.
109
From where does the Narmada river rise?
Amarkantak plateau in Madhya Pradesh.
110
In what type of valley does the Narmada flow, and how was it formed?
It flows west in a rift valley, formed due to faulting/bending of the northern peninsula during Himalayan formation.
111
Give examples of significant gorges found in the Himalayas.
Kali Gandaki Gorge, Indus Gorge.
112
Which major Himalayan river takes a significant U-turn in its course?
Brahmaputra.
113
Name the parallel mountain ranges typically identified within the Himalayas.
Himadri, Middle Himalaya (Himachal), and Shiwalik.
114
What geological feature of the Himalayas is known to cause landslides?
Steep gradients.
115
Approximately what percentage of India's total geographic area is covered by wetlands (excluding paddy fields)?
Around 4.86%.
116
Which Indian state has the largest area of wetlands?
Gujarat.
117
Is the total geographical area of coastal wetlands in India larger or smaller than that of inland wetlands?
Smaller (Inland accounts for 69%, Coastal for 27%).
118
What type of climate prevails in the Kutch region of Gujarat?
Arid and semi-arid.
119
Which region of Gujarat is the main cotton-growing area?
Central Gujarat, including Ahmedabad district and Saurashtra region.
120
Near which geographical feature does the western syntaxial bend of the Himalayas occur?
Near Nanga Parbat.
121
Near which geographical feature does the eastern syntaxial bend of the Himalayas occur?
Near Namcha Barwa.
122
What type of climate is found in the lower Gangetic plains?
Tropical and humid.
123
Which two crops have notably high production in the lower Gangetic plains compared to other regions in India?
Paddy (Rice) and Jute.
124
Opening a canal across which isthmus is proposed to reduce navigation time between the Gulf of Siam and Andaman Sea?
Kra Isthmus in Thailand.
125
What type of climate and soil does the tea plant prefer?
Tropical/sub-tropical climate; deep, fertile, well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
126
How are coffee plants typically propagated?
By seeds, grafting, and tissue culture.
127
How are tea plants typically propagated?
From seeds as well as root cuttings.
128
Bhitarkanika National Park in Odisha is formed by a network of creeks and canals from which rivers?
Brahmani, Baitarani, Dhamra, and Patasala.
129
Bhitarkanika is home to the largest congregation of which reptile in India?
Salt Water Crocodile.
130
Desert National Park in Rajasthan is considered the most important site for the survival of which threatened bird?
Great Indian Bustard.
131
Eravikulam National Park is primarily known for conserving which endangered animal?
Nilgiri Tahr.
132
What is the nickname often given to Tamil Nadu in the context of the textile industry?
'Yarn Bowl of India'.
133
Are black soils the predominant soil type across Tamil Nadu?
No, predominant soils include red loam, laterite, black, alluvial, and saline soils. Black soil is more characteristic of the Deccan Plateau areas.
134
Which river is the largest tributary of the Indus?
Chenab.
135
The Chenab river is formed by the joining of which two streams in Himachal Pradesh?
The Chandra and the Bhaga.
136
From where does the Ravi river originate?
West of the Rohtang pass in the Kullu hills of Himachal Pradesh.
137
From where does the Beas river originate?
Beas Kund near the Rohtang Pass, Himachal Pradesh.
138
Where does the Beas river meet the Satluj river?
Near Harike in Punjab plains.
139
From where does the Satluj river originate, and what is it known as there?
Raksas Tal near Mansarovar in Tibet, where it is known as Langchen Khambab.
140
Through which pass does the Satluj enter India?
Shipki La, Himachal Pradesh.
141
What type of river is the Satluj (in terms of its relationship with the mountains it cuts through)?
An antecedent river.
142
Which major irrigation project is fed by the Satluj river?
Bhakra Nangal project.
143
From which glacier does the Yamuna river originate?
Yamunotri glacier on the western slopes of the Banderpunch range.
144
Name the right bank tributaries of the Yamuna that originate from the Peninsular plateau.
Chambal, Sind, Betwa, Ken.
Kon chambal se ho betwa
145
Red soil develops on which type of rocks?
Crystalline igneous rocks.
146
What causes the reddish color in red soils?
Wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
147
What color does red soil appear when hydrated?
Yellow.
148
Are red soils generally rich in nitrogen, phosphorous, and humus?
No, they are generally poor in these.
149
Which geological supergroup accounts for over 98% of India's coal resources?
Gondwana Supergroup.
150
Name the main coal-producing formations within the Lower Gondwana sequences.
Karharbari, Barakar, and Raniganj formations.
151
152
---
---
153
Gobind Sagar reservoir in Himachal Pradesh is on which river?
Sutlej River.
154
Kolleru Lake lies between the deltas of which two rivers in Andhra Pradesh?
Godavari and Krishna rivers.
155
Ukai Reservoir is built on which river in Gujarat?
Tapi river.
156
Which river traverses Wular Lake in Jammu and Kashmir?
Jhelum River.
157
How do the Himalayas act as an effective climatic divide for the Indian subcontinent?
They shield India from cold northern winds originating near the Arctic Circle.
158
What effect do the Himalayas have on the southwesterly monsoon winds?
They force the rain-bearing winds to give up most of their moisture before crossing the range northward.
159
Which three major river systems are primarily responsible for forming the northern Indo-Gangetic plain?
Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra (along with their tributaries).
160
How does the heating of the Tibetan plateau influence the monsoon?
Intense heating creates strong vertical air currents and low pressure aloft, aiding monsoon circulation.
161
From where does the Satluj river originate?
Raksas Tal' near Mansarovar in Tibet.
162
Which two major rivers originate from the Amarkantak plateau?
Son and Narmada.
163
Where does the Son river join the Ganga?
West of Patna, near Arrah.
164
Between which two ranges does the Narmada flow in a rift valley?
Satpura range (south) and Vindhyan range (north).
165
Where does the Narmada river meet the sea, and what does it form there?
Meets the Arabian Sea south of Bharuch, forming a broad 27 km long estuary.
166
Which major hydroelectric project has been constructed on the Narmada river?
Sardar Sarovar Project.
167
Does India have significant reserves of Thorium?
Yes, India has reserves in sufficient quantity compared to other parts of the world.
168
In which states are Monazite sands (bearing Thorium) found in India?
Kerala, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal etc.
169
Name three east-flowing rivers in Kerala that are tributaries of the Kaveri.
Kabini, Bhavani, Pambar.
170
Name some major west-flowing rivers that originate in Madhya Pradesh.
Narmada, Tapi, Mahi, Tawa.
171
The indigenous Shompen tribe belongs to which part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Greater Nicobar Island.
172
Shivanasamudra Falls is located on which river in Karnataka?
Cauvery River.
173
Jog Falls in Karnataka is on which river?
Sharavati River.
174
Kapildhara falls is on which river?
Narmada River.
175
The Nilgiri Mountains are located at the tri-junction of which three states?
Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Kerala.
176
What natural phenomenon gives the Nilgiri Mountains their name "Blue Mountains"?
The mass flowering of the 'Neela kurinji' (Strobilanthes kunthiana) flower.
177
The Chambal river is the chief tributary of which river?
Yamuna River.
178
The Son river is the principal southern tributary of which river?
Ganges (Ganga) River.
179
The Manas River is a major tributary of which river?
Brahmaputra River.
180
What is Guru Shikhar, and where is it located?
The highest peak of the Aravalli Range and Rajasthan, located in the Arbuda Mountains, Sirohi district.
181
Which river originates near Multai reserve forest in Betul district, MP?
Tapi River.
182
Chitrakoot Falls are located on which river in Chhattisgarh?
Indravati River.
183
The city of Ujjain is located on the banks of which river (a tributary of the Chambal)?
Sipra (Shipra) River.
184
Which two countries share an international border with Assam?
Bhutan and Bangladesh.
185
Which three countries share international borders with West Bengal?
Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan.
186
Name the valley in Ladakh through which the Markha River (tributary of Zanskar) flows.
Markha Valley (within Hemis National Park).
187
Dzukou Valley, known for seasonal flowers like the Dzukou Lily, is located on the border of which two states?
Manipur and Nagaland.
188
Sangla Valley (Baspa Valley) is located in which district of Himachal Pradesh?
Kinnaur District.
189
Yumthang Valley, also known as the Sikkim Valley of Flowers sanctuary, is located in which part of Sikkim?
North Sikkim district.
190
Where does the Cauvery river rise?
Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats, Kodagu district, Karnataka.
191
Arrange these South Indian hills from North to South: Javadi Hills, Anaimalai Hills, Nilgiri Hills, Nallamalai Hills.
Nallamalai Hills - Javadi Hills - Nilgiri Hills - Anaimalai Hills.
192
Where are the Western Ghats relatively higher, in the Northern or Southern region?
Southern region.
193
Which is the highest peak of the Peninsular plateau, and on which hills is it located?
Anaimudi (2,695 m), located on the Anaimalai hills.
194
The Tapi river flows to the south of which range?
Satpura range.
195
---
---
196
Why do most west-flowing peninsular rivers in India generally not form deltas?
They cover small distances, have rapid flows, do not carry significant alluvial sediment, and typically form estuaries.
197
Kanger Ghati National Park is located in which state?
Chhattisgarh.
198
Nagarahole National Park, an important Tiger Reserve, is located in which state?
Karnataka.
199
Kugti Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?
Himachal Pradesh.
200
Sultanpur National Park & Bird Sanctuary is located in which state?
Haryana.
201
Arrange these from North to South: Satpura Range, Sahyadri Parvat (Western Ghats), Mahadeo Hills.
Mahadeo Hills - Satpura Range - Sahyadri Parvat.
202
Which range borders the Deccan Plateau to the north, along with Maikal range and Mahadeo hills?
Satpura range.
203
Is cotton a Kharif or Rabi crop?
Kharif.
204
Is groundnut a Kharif or Rabi crop?
Kharif.
205
Is mustard a Kharif or Rabi crop?
Rabi.
206
Arrange these peninsular rivers in descending order of their lengths: Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, Mahanadi.
Godavari (1465 km) > Narmada (1312 km) > Mahanadi (858 km) > Tapti (724 km).
207
Nanda Devi peak forms a part of which Himalayan range?
Kumaon Himalayas.
208
What is the rank of Nanda Devi among mountains in India?
Second-highest mountain in India, and the highest located entirely within the country.
209
Arrange these eastward-flowing peninsular rivers from North to South: Krishna, Cauvery, Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Godavari, Pennar, Vagai.
Subarnarekha - Mahanadi - Godavari - Krishna - Pennar - Cauvery - Vagai.
210
What type of vegetation is typically found in areas with less than 80 cm of annual precipitation in India?
Open, stunted forests with plants and small trees having long roots and sharp thorns or spines.
211
What is a lagoon?
A shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform like reefs or barrier islands.
212
Is Periyar Lake in Kerala considered a lagoon?
No.
213
What is the significance of the Periyar River to Kerala?
It is the longest river, has the largest discharge potential, is perennial, provides drinking water, and is crucial for the economy.
214
Which rivers are known to flow in trough faults due to subsidence during Himalayan upheaval?
Narmada, Tapi, and Damodar.
215
What is a consequence of Narmada, Tapi, and Damodar flowing through trough faults?
A lack of alluvial and deltaic deposits in these rivers.
216
The Damodar River flows through a rift valley on the eastern margins of which plateau?
Chotanagpur Plateau.
217
Which river is the main tributary of the Damodar?
Barakar river.
218
Which river was formerly known as the 'sorrow of Bengal'?
Damodar River.
219
From where does the Mahanadi river rise?
Near Sihawa in the Raipur district of Chhattisgarh.
220
What percentage of the Mahanadi drainage basin lies in MP & Chhattisgarh versus Odisha?
53% lies in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, while 47% lies in Odisha.
