Indications Flashcards
(28 cards)
Adrenaline
Indications
Anaphylaxis
Life-threatening asthma
Cardiac Arrest
Post-ROSC
Severe croup
Haemorrhage control post cricothyroidotomy
Amiodarone
Indications
Cardiac Arrest with persistent/shock resistant Ventricular Fibrillation/pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia, post 3rd shock (ANZCOR 2016).
Aspirin
Indications
Patients with suspected Acute Coronary Syndromes
Atropine
Indications
Symptomatic Bradycardia, haemodynamically unstable due to the bradycardia and associated with poor signs of perfusion, including:
Hypotension
Altered conscious state
Diaphoresis
Shortness of breath, and/or cyanosis
Syncope
Organophosphate poisoning with cholinergic effects
Cophenylcaine
Indications
Local pain: abrasions, small cuts and wounds
Relief of mild and moderate epistaxis
Post tonsillectomy haemorrhage
Intra-oral haemorrhage
Droperidol
Indications
Disturbed and Abnormal Behaviour (RASS 1 ~ 3) if considered appropriate where risk to safety is evident and de-escalation has not been effective.
Dementia and frail patients where Olanzapine cannot be administered or is ineffective.
Fentanyl
Indications
Moderate to severe pain.
Acute Coronary Syndromes where GTN has been ineffective
Glucagon
Indications
For demonstrated hypoglycaemia where oral glucose cannot be administered and IV access cannot be obtained in a safe and timely manner.
Altered conscious state in a known diabetic or of otherwise unknown cause where blood glucose level is below 4mmol/L.
Glucose 10%
Indications
Demonstrated hypoglycaemia where oral glucose administration is inappropriate in:
Altered conscious state in known diabetic or of otherwise unknown cause where blood glucose level is below 4 mmol/L.
Cardiac arrest, only if hypoglycaemia is suspected as a contributory cause of the arrest, not an early indication.
Glucose Oral Gel
Indications
Hypoglycaemia, altered conscious state in known person with diabetes or of unknown medical cause, where blood glucose level is below 4 mmol/L
Patient must be able to safely take gel orally/buccally
GTN
Indications
Chest pain/discomfort of presumed cardiac origin not relieved by rest and reassurance with:
Systolic BP > 90 mmHg; AND
Heart rate is between 50-150 beats per minute.
Acute Cardiac Pulmonary Oedema with systolic BP >90 mmHg.
Autonomic Dysreflexia with systolic BP > 160 mmHg.
Heparin
Indications
Patients with STEMI going directly to Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory as per receiving hospital 12-lead ECG interpretation.
Hydrocortisone
Indications
Adrenal crisis in patients with known adrenal insufficiency
Normal Saline
Indications
Fluid replacement (volume expansion) for the treatment of shock, fluid loss, and cardiac arrest.
Ipratropium Bromide
Indications
Severe bronchospasm:
Adult:
Severe to life-threatening asthma or COPD
Paediatric:
Severe to life-threatening asthma
Ketamine
Indications
IV: Second line agent for severe pain of traumatic origin post IV Fentanyl administration. ASMA consult needed if IV Fentanyl minimum dose (age dependent as per CPG) has not been given prior to IV Ketamine administration
IM: First line agent for severe pain of traumatic origin should other means of administering pain medication not be available
Combative Traumatic Brain Injury
Paramedic only
(RASS 4) First line agent for severely disturbed or abnormal behaviour where there is an immediate risk to safety and rapid tranquilisation is required and no other sedative medications have already been administered to this patient
Sedation in Pregnancy: First line agent if olazapine not suitable for sedation in pregnancy
CPR Induced Consciousness (CPRIC) where patient movement or other features are interfering with cardiac arrest management
Lignocaine
Indications
Local anaesthesia for:
IV cannulation
IO infusion
Suturing
Finger thoracostomy in the conscious patient
Cardiac Arrest:
Cardiac Arrest with persistent or recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation/pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia, refractory to defibrillation strategies and maximum dose of Amiodarone as per Cardiac Arrest CPG (Clinical exception required)
Loratadine
Indications
Symptomatic urticaria (without evidence of anaphylaxis)1
Methoxyflurane
Indications
Analgesia
Midazolam
Indications
Prolonged seizure activity - generalised seizure lasting ≥ 5 minutes OR recurrent / status seizure activity as per CPG
Focal seizure activity which is prolonged (≥ 5 minutes) and is associated with a GCS ≤ 12 as per CPG
Second-line IV agent for maintenance of sedation after Droperidol administration for Disturbed and/or Abnormal Behaviour
Pregnant patients: Second-line IV agent for maintenance of sedation after Ketamine administration for Sedation in Pregnancy
Naloxone
Indications
Reversal of respiratory depression in a suspected narcotic overdose.
Olanzapine
Indications
Disturbed and Abnormal Behaviour (RASS 1 ~ 3) if considered appropriate where risk to safety is evident and de-escalation has not been effective
Patient is able to tolerate or self-administer an oral wafer
Preferred first line sedation agent in frail patients and those with Dementia
Ondansetron
Indications
Moderate to severe nausea
Active vomiting
Nausea and vomiting prophylaxis for eye and spinal injuries
Oxygen
Indications
Adult:
Oxygen should be titrated to achieve oxygen saturations of between 94 – 98%, (or 88 – 92% for COPD patients). These are achieved through the use of different flow rates and oxygen masks.
Paediatric:
All paediatric patients with significant illness or injury should receive oxygen. Newborn resuscitation should be commenced with room air for the 30 seconds of initial inflation breaths.
